植物乳杆菌和糖蜜接种对串叶松香草青贮的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.06.025

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (6): 1505-1511.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.06.025

植物乳杆菌和糖蜜接种对串叶松香草青贮的影响

鲜欧洋¹(), 李肖¹^,², 陈永成¹, 王旭哲¹, 张凡凡¹(), 侯国庆³

1.石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子 832000
2.新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州畜牧总站,新疆伊宁 835000
3.新疆生产建设兵团第七师农业科学研究所,新疆奎屯 833200

收稿日期:2023-12-02 出版日期:2024-06-20 发布日期:2024-08-08
通信作者: 张凡凡(1989-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为饲草加工与生产,(E-mail)zhangfanfan@shzu.edu.cn
作者简介:鲜欧洋(1996-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,硕士研究生,研究方向为饲草加工与生产,(E-mail)709542017@qq.com
基金资助:
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS);新疆维吾尔自治区优质饲草产业技术体系项目(2022XJSC-Z-02);新疆生产建设兵团第七师胡杨河市财政科技计划项目(2020C21)

Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarumand molasses on the silage of Silphium perfoliatum

XIAN Ouyang¹(), LI Xiao¹^,², CHEN Yongcheng¹, WANG Xuze¹, ZHANG Fanfan¹(), HOU Guoqing³

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China
2. Xinjiang Ili Prefecture Animal Husbandry Master Station, Yining Xinjiang 835000, China
3. The Seventh Division Institute of Agricultural Sciences of XPCC, Kuitun Xinjiang 833200,China

Received:2023-12-02 Published:2024-06-20 Online:2024-08-08
Correspondence author: ZHANG Fanfan (1989-), male, from Urumqi, Xinjiang, Ph.D., associate professor, master tutor, research direction: forage production and processing,(E-mail)zhangfanfan@shzu.edu.cn
Supported by:
China Agriculture Research System Project of Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Agriculture and rural areas(CARS);The High Quality Forage Industry Technology System Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022XJSC-Z-02);The Financial Science and Technology Program Project of the Seventh Division of Huyang River City(2020C21)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究植物乳杆菌与糖蜜接种对串叶松香草青贮发酵特征及绵羊瘤胃降解率的影响,为串叶松香草的科学高效利用提供依据。【方法】设计3个添加剂处理,分别为无添加剂接种处理(CK处理)、接种植物乳杆菌1×10⁵ CFU/g FM(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, LP处理)、接种植物乳杆菌1×10⁵ CFU/g FM+2%糖蜜(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Molasses, LPM处理)。采用真空袋法调制串叶松香草青贮,室温储藏60 d,评价感官质量并分析发酵特性、营养品质及绵羊瘤胃降解率。【结果】(1)LPM处理的乳酸、乙酸、粗蛋白、干物质含量显著高于CK和LP处理(P<0.05)。LPM处理的中性、酸性洗涤纤维、pH值、氨态氮总氮、酵母菌、霉菌、好氧细菌数量显著低于CK和LP处理(P<0.05)。LP和LPM处理的丙酸含量均显著低于CK处理(P<0.05)(2)瘤胃降解过程中(12~48 h),LPM处理的酸性、中性洗涤纤维降解率、干物质降解率均显著高于CK处理(P<0.05),而且酸性、中性洗涤纤维降解率、干物质降解率、有机物降解率在瘤胃中随着时间的增加显著上升(P<0.05)。【结论】联合接种1×10⁵ CFU/g植物乳杆菌和2%糖蜜可促进串叶松香草青贮发酵,并显著提高干物质和纤维在羊瘤胃中的降解率。

关键词: 串叶松香草; 青贮; 发酵品质; 瘤胃降解率

Abstract:

【Objective】 This project aims to explore the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and molasses inoculation on silage fermentation characteristics of Silphium perfoliatum and rumen degradation rate of sheep and guide the scientific and efficient utilization of Silphium perfoliatum. 【Methods】 Three additive treatments were designed: no additive inoculation treatment (CK treatment), inoculation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 1×10⁵CFU/g FM (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, LP treatment ), inoculation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 1×10⁵CFU/g FM + 2% molasses (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Molasses, LPM treatment). The vacuum bag method was used to prepare the cross-leaf rosin grass silage, which was stored at room temperature for 60 days. Afterwards, the sensory quality was evaluated and the fermentation characteristics, nutritional quality and rumen degradation rate of sheep were analyzed. 【Results】 (1) The contents of lactic acid, acetic acid, crude protein and dry matter in LPM treatment were significantly higher than those in CK and LP treatments (P<0.05). The neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, pH value, ammonia nitrogen ratio total nitrogen, yeast, mold and aerobic bacteria in LPM treatment were significantly lower than those in CK and LP treatment (P<0.05). The propionic acid content of LP and LPM treatments was significantly lower than that of CK treatment (P<0.05). (2) During the rumen degradation process (12-48 h), the acid, neutral detergent fiber degradation rate and dry matter degradation rate of LPM treatment were significantly higher than those of CK treatment (P<0.05), and the acid, neutral detergent fiber degradation rate, dry matter degradation rate and organic matter degradation rate increased significantly with time in the rumen (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The combined inoculation of 1×10⁵CFU/g Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and 2% molasses can promote the fermentation of Silphium perfoliatum silage and significantly improve the degradation of dry matter and fiber in the rumen of sheep.

Key words: Silphium perfoliatum; silage; fermentation quality; rumen degradation rate

中图分类号:

鲜欧洋, 李肖, 陈永成, 王旭哲, 张凡凡, 侯国庆. 植物乳杆菌和糖蜜接种对串叶松香草青贮的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(6): 1505-1511.

XIAN Ouyang, LI Xiao, CHEN Yongcheng, WANG Xuze, ZHANG Fanfan, HOU Guoqing. Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarumand molasses on the silage of Silphium perfoliatum[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(6): 1505-1511.

图/表 3

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处理 Treatments	色泽 Tincture	酸味 Sour taste	质地 Texure	感官质量评价 Sensory qualityev aluation
CK	青绿	中等乳酸味	轻微黏手, 无霉变	良好
LP	青绿	中等乳酸味	轻微黏手, 无霉变	良好
LPM	黄绿	浓郁乳酸味	松散不黏手, 无霉变	优等

处理 Treatments	色泽 Tincture	酸味 Sour taste	质地 Texure	感官质量评价 Sensory qualityev aluation
CK	青绿	中等乳酸味	轻微黏手, 无霉变	良好
LP	青绿	中等乳酸味	轻微黏手, 无霉变	良好
LPM	黄绿	浓郁乳酸味	松散不黏手, 无霉变	优等

指标 Items	处理Treatments
	第0 d	第60 d
	第0 d	CK	LP	LPM
干物质DM(%)	18.37±0.10^a	16.05±0.18^d	16.86±0.24^c	17.23±0.32^b
粗蛋白CP(%DM)	16.58±0.14^a	15.14±0.35^c	15.34±0.25^c	15.96±0.24^b
中性洗涤纤维NDF(%DM)	37.64±0.22^a	36.36±0.44^b	35.44±0.40^c	34.95±0.58^d
酸性洗涤纤维ADF(%DM)	28.41±0.11^a	26.44±0.13^b	25.84±0.20^c	25.63±0.36^c
可溶性碳水化合物WSC(%DM)	6.98±0.12^a	3.65±0.08^c	3.21±0.15^d	4.15±0.18^b
pH值pH value	6.31±0.09^a	4.52±0.15^b	4.35±0.07^b	4.14±0.19^c
氨态氮/总氮NH₃-N/TN	0.47±0.03^d	2.26±0.17^a	1.96±0.08^b	1.75±0.08^c
乳酸LA(%DM)	1.76±0.08^c	4.13±0.08^b	4.24±0.07^ab	4.38±0.08^a
乙酸AA(%DM)	0.26±0.03^c	1.59±0.11^b	1.71±0.06^b	2.21±0.07^a
丙酸PA(%DM)	0.17±0.02^b	0.35±0.03^a	0.22±0.04^b	0.19±0.04^b
丁酸BA(%DM)	ND	ND	ND	ND
乳酸菌LAB (log CFU/g FM)	3.68±0.08^d	5.48±0.27^c	6.33±0.16^b	7.79±0.51^a
酵母菌Yeast (log CFU/g FM)	7.73±0.10^a	7.24±0.07^b	6.38±0.15^c	5.93±0.11^d
霉菌Mold (log CFU/g FM)	4.32±0.10^a	3.14±0.10^b	2.49±0.15^c	<2.00d
好氧细菌AB (log CFU/g FM)	7.47±0.08^a	5.68±0.12^b	5.41±0.07^c	5.23±0.07^c

指标 Items	处理Treatments
	第0 d	第60 d
	第0 d	CK	LP	LPM
干物质DM(%)	18.37±0.10^a	16.05±0.18^d	16.86±0.24^c	17.23±0.32^b
粗蛋白CP(%DM)	16.58±0.14^a	15.14±0.35^c	15.34±0.25^c	15.96±0.24^b
中性洗涤纤维NDF(%DM)	37.64±0.22^a	36.36±0.44^b	35.44±0.40^c	34.95±0.58^d
酸性洗涤纤维ADF(%DM)	28.41±0.11^a	26.44±0.13^b	25.84±0.20^c	25.63±0.36^c
可溶性碳水化合物WSC(%DM)	6.98±0.12^a	3.65±0.08^c	3.21±0.15^d	4.15±0.18^b
pH值pH value	6.31±0.09^a	4.52±0.15^b	4.35±0.07^b	4.14±0.19^c
氨态氮/总氮NH₃-N/TN	0.47±0.03^d	2.26±0.17^a	1.96±0.08^b	1.75±0.08^c
乳酸LA(%DM)	1.76±0.08^c	4.13±0.08^b	4.24±0.07^ab	4.38±0.08^a
乙酸AA(%DM)	0.26±0.03^c	1.59±0.11^b	1.71±0.06^b	2.21±0.07^a
丙酸PA(%DM)	0.17±0.02^b	0.35±0.03^a	0.22±0.04^b	0.19±0.04^b
丁酸BA(%DM)	ND	ND	ND	ND
乳酸菌LAB (log CFU/g FM)	3.68±0.08^d	5.48±0.27^c	6.33±0.16^b	7.79±0.51^a
酵母菌Yeast (log CFU/g FM)	7.73±0.10^a	7.24±0.07^b	6.38±0.15^c	5.93±0.11^d
霉菌Mold (log CFU/g FM)	4.32±0.10^a	3.14±0.10^b	2.49±0.15^c	<2.00d
好氧细菌AB (log CFU/g FM)	7.47±0.08^a	5.68±0.12^b	5.41±0.07^c	5.23±0.07^c

时间 Time (h)	处理 Treatments	中性洗涤纤维降解率 NDFD(%DM)	酸性洗涤纤维降解率 ADFD(%DM)	干物质降解率 DMD(%DM)	有机物降解率 OMD(%DM)
12	CK	30.47±1.48^bC	27.35±0.27^bC	32.55±0.34^bC	50.47±0.64^bC
	LP	33.64±0.68^aC	28.12±0.65^abC	34.22±0.89^abC	51.65±0.60^aC
	LPM	35.21±1.06^aC	28.66±0.56^aC	34.90±0.88^aC	52.14±0.16^aC
24	CK	45.87±0.57^bB	37.11±0.56^bB	40.15±0.50^bB	58.95±0.27^B
	LP	46.46±0.44^abB	38.28±0.41^aB	41.54±0.37^aB	59.44±0.75^B
	LPM	47.18±0.46^aB	38.79±0.28^aB	42.29±0.34^aB	59.59±0.70^B
48	CK	52.43±0.51^cA	41.47±0.16^cA	47.15±0.53^cA	63.77±0.99^A
	LP	54.25±0.38^bA	43.14±0.36^bA	49.43±0.84^bA	64.14±0.35^A
	LPM	55.19±0.27^aA	45.21±0.25^aA	51.89±0.30^aA	64.26±0.77^A

植物乳杆菌和糖蜜接种对串叶松香草青贮的影响

Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarumand molasses on the silage of Silphium perfoliatum

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