新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (6): 1505-1511.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.06.025
鲜欧洋1(), 李肖1,2, 陈永成1, 王旭哲1, 张凡凡1(
), 侯国庆3
收稿日期:
2023-12-02
出版日期:
2024-06-20
发布日期:
2024-08-08
通信作者:
张凡凡(1989-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为饲草加工与生产,(E-mail)zhangfanfan@shzu.edu.cn作者简介:
鲜欧洋(1996-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,硕士研究生,研究方向为饲草加工与生产,(E-mail)709542017@qq.com
基金资助:
XIAN Ouyang1(), LI Xiao1,2, CHEN Yongcheng1, WANG Xuze1, ZHANG Fanfan1(
), HOU Guoqing3
Received:
2023-12-02
Published:
2024-06-20
Online:
2024-08-08
Correspondence author:
ZHANG Fanfan (1989-), male, from Urumqi, Xinjiang, Ph.D., associate professor, master tutor, research direction: forage production and processing,(E-mail)zhangfanfan@shzu.edu.cnSupported by:
摘要:
【目的】研究植物乳杆菌与糖蜜接种对串叶松香草青贮发酵特征及绵羊瘤胃降解率的影响,为串叶松香草的科学高效利用提供依据。【方法】设计3个添加剂处理,分别为无添加剂接种处理(CK处理)、接种植物乳杆菌1×105 CFU/g FM(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, LP处理)、接种植物乳杆菌1×105 CFU/g FM+2%糖蜜(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Molasses, LPM处理)。采用真空袋法调制串叶松香草青贮,室温储藏60 d,评价感官质量并分析发酵特性、营养品质及绵羊瘤胃降解率。【结果】(1)LPM处理的乳酸、乙酸、粗蛋白、干物质含量显著高于CK和LP处理(P<0.05)。LPM处理的中性、酸性洗涤纤维、pH值、氨态氮总氮、酵母菌、霉菌、好氧细菌数量显著低于CK和LP处理(P<0.05)。LP和LPM处理的丙酸含量均显著低于CK处理(P<0.05)(2)瘤胃降解过程中(12~48 h),LPM处理的酸性、中性洗涤纤维降解率、干物质降解率均显著高于CK处理(P<0.05),而且酸性、中性洗涤纤维降解率、干物质降解率、有机物降解率在瘤胃中随着时间的增加显著上升(P<0.05)。【结论】联合接种1×105 CFU/g植物乳杆菌和2%糖蜜可促进串叶松香草青贮发酵,并显著提高干物质和纤维在羊瘤胃中的降解率。
中图分类号:
鲜欧洋, 李肖, 陈永成, 王旭哲, 张凡凡, 侯国庆. 植物乳杆菌和糖蜜接种对串叶松香草青贮的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(6): 1505-1511.
XIAN Ouyang, LI Xiao, CHEN Yongcheng, WANG Xuze, ZHANG Fanfan, HOU Guoqing. Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarumand molasses on the silage of Silphium perfoliatum[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(6): 1505-1511.
处理 Treatments | 色泽 Tincture | 酸味 Sour taste | 质地 Texure | 感官质量评价 Sensory qualityev aluation |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 青绿 | 中等乳酸味 | 轻微黏手, 无霉变 | 良好 |
LP | 青绿 | 中等乳酸味 | 轻微黏手, 无霉变 | 良好 |
LPM | 黄绿 | 浓郁乳酸味 | 松散不黏手, 无霉变 | 优等 |
表1 串叶松香草青贮感官质量评价
Tab.1 Sensory quality evaluation of Silphium perfoliatum silage
处理 Treatments | 色泽 Tincture | 酸味 Sour taste | 质地 Texure | 感官质量评价 Sensory qualityev aluation |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 青绿 | 中等乳酸味 | 轻微黏手, 无霉变 | 良好 |
LP | 青绿 | 中等乳酸味 | 轻微黏手, 无霉变 | 良好 |
LPM | 黄绿 | 浓郁乳酸味 | 松散不黏手, 无霉变 | 优等 |
指标 Items | 处理Treatments | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
第0 d | 第60 d | |||
CK | LP | LPM | ||
干物质DM(%) | 18.37±0.10a | 16.05±0.18d | 16.86±0.24c | 17.23±0.32b |
粗蛋白CP(%DM) | 16.58±0.14a | 15.14±0.35c | 15.34±0.25c | 15.96±0.24b |
中性洗涤纤维NDF(%DM) | 37.64±0.22a | 36.36±0.44b | 35.44±0.40c | 34.95±0.58d |
酸性洗涤纤维ADF(%DM) | 28.41±0.11a | 26.44±0.13b | 25.84±0.20c | 25.63±0.36c |
可溶性碳水化合物WSC(%DM) | 6.98±0.12a | 3.65±0.08c | 3.21±0.15d | 4.15±0.18b |
pH值pH value | 6.31±0.09a | 4.52±0.15b | 4.35±0.07b | 4.14±0.19c |
氨态氮/总氮NH3-N/TN | 0.47±0.03d | 2.26±0.17a | 1.96±0.08b | 1.75±0.08c |
乳酸LA(%DM) | 1.76±0.08c | 4.13±0.08b | 4.24±0.07ab | 4.38±0.08a |
乙酸AA(%DM) | 0.26±0.03c | 1.59±0.11b | 1.71±0.06b | 2.21±0.07a |
丙酸PA(%DM) | 0.17±0.02b | 0.35±0.03a | 0.22±0.04b | 0.19±0.04b |
丁酸BA(%DM) | ND | ND | ND | ND |
乳酸菌LAB (log CFU/g FM) | 3.68±0.08d | 5.48±0.27c | 6.33±0.16b | 7.79±0.51a |
酵母菌Yeast (log CFU/g FM) | 7.73±0.10a | 7.24±0.07b | 6.38±0.15c | 5.93±0.11d |
霉菌Mold (log CFU/g FM) | 4.32±0.10a | 3.14±0.10b | 2.49±0.15c | <2.00d |
好氧细菌AB (log CFU/g FM) | 7.47±0.08a | 5.68±0.12b | 5.41±0.07c | 5.23±0.07c |
表2 不同处理下串叶松香草青贮微生物数量及发酵品质的变化
Tab.2 Changes of different treatments on the number of microorganismand fermentation quality of Silphium perfoliatum silage
指标 Items | 处理Treatments | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
第0 d | 第60 d | |||
CK | LP | LPM | ||
干物质DM(%) | 18.37±0.10a | 16.05±0.18d | 16.86±0.24c | 17.23±0.32b |
粗蛋白CP(%DM) | 16.58±0.14a | 15.14±0.35c | 15.34±0.25c | 15.96±0.24b |
中性洗涤纤维NDF(%DM) | 37.64±0.22a | 36.36±0.44b | 35.44±0.40c | 34.95±0.58d |
酸性洗涤纤维ADF(%DM) | 28.41±0.11a | 26.44±0.13b | 25.84±0.20c | 25.63±0.36c |
可溶性碳水化合物WSC(%DM) | 6.98±0.12a | 3.65±0.08c | 3.21±0.15d | 4.15±0.18b |
pH值pH value | 6.31±0.09a | 4.52±0.15b | 4.35±0.07b | 4.14±0.19c |
氨态氮/总氮NH3-N/TN | 0.47±0.03d | 2.26±0.17a | 1.96±0.08b | 1.75±0.08c |
乳酸LA(%DM) | 1.76±0.08c | 4.13±0.08b | 4.24±0.07ab | 4.38±0.08a |
乙酸AA(%DM) | 0.26±0.03c | 1.59±0.11b | 1.71±0.06b | 2.21±0.07a |
丙酸PA(%DM) | 0.17±0.02b | 0.35±0.03a | 0.22±0.04b | 0.19±0.04b |
丁酸BA(%DM) | ND | ND | ND | ND |
乳酸菌LAB (log CFU/g FM) | 3.68±0.08d | 5.48±0.27c | 6.33±0.16b | 7.79±0.51a |
酵母菌Yeast (log CFU/g FM) | 7.73±0.10a | 7.24±0.07b | 6.38±0.15c | 5.93±0.11d |
霉菌Mold (log CFU/g FM) | 4.32±0.10a | 3.14±0.10b | 2.49±0.15c | <2.00d |
好氧细菌AB (log CFU/g FM) | 7.47±0.08a | 5.68±0.12b | 5.41±0.07c | 5.23±0.07c |
时间 Time (h) | 处理 Treatments | 中性洗涤纤维降解率 NDFD(%DM) | 酸性洗涤纤维降解率 ADFD(%DM) | 干物质降解率 DMD(%DM) | 有机物降解率 OMD(%DM) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
12 | CK | 30.47±1.48bC | 27.35±0.27bC | 32.55±0.34bC | 50.47±0.64bC |
LP | 33.64±0.68aC | 28.12±0.65abC | 34.22±0.89abC | 51.65±0.60aC | |
LPM | 35.21±1.06aC | 28.66±0.56aC | 34.90±0.88aC | 52.14±0.16aC | |
24 | CK | 45.87±0.57bB | 37.11±0.56bB | 40.15±0.50bB | 58.95±0.27B |
LP | 46.46±0.44abB | 38.28±0.41aB | 41.54±0.37aB | 59.44±0.75B | |
LPM | 47.18±0.46aB | 38.79±0.28aB | 42.29±0.34aB | 59.59±0.70B | |
48 | CK | 52.43±0.51cA | 41.47±0.16cA | 47.15±0.53cA | 63.77±0.99A |
LP | 54.25±0.38bA | 43.14±0.36bA | 49.43±0.84bA | 64.14±0.35A | |
LPM | 55.19±0.27aA | 45.21±0.25aA | 51.89±0.30aA | 64.26±0.77A |
表3 各处理下串叶松香草青贮瘤胃降解率的变化
Tab.3 Changes of each treatments on rumen regeneration of Silphium perfoliatumsilage
时间 Time (h) | 处理 Treatments | 中性洗涤纤维降解率 NDFD(%DM) | 酸性洗涤纤维降解率 ADFD(%DM) | 干物质降解率 DMD(%DM) | 有机物降解率 OMD(%DM) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
12 | CK | 30.47±1.48bC | 27.35±0.27bC | 32.55±0.34bC | 50.47±0.64bC |
LP | 33.64±0.68aC | 28.12±0.65abC | 34.22±0.89abC | 51.65±0.60aC | |
LPM | 35.21±1.06aC | 28.66±0.56aC | 34.90±0.88aC | 52.14±0.16aC | |
24 | CK | 45.87±0.57bB | 37.11±0.56bB | 40.15±0.50bB | 58.95±0.27B |
LP | 46.46±0.44abB | 38.28±0.41aB | 41.54±0.37aB | 59.44±0.75B | |
LPM | 47.18±0.46aB | 38.79±0.28aB | 42.29±0.34aB | 59.59±0.70B | |
48 | CK | 52.43±0.51cA | 41.47±0.16cA | 47.15±0.53cA | 63.77±0.99A |
LP | 54.25±0.38bA | 43.14±0.36bA | 49.43±0.84bA | 64.14±0.35A | |
LPM | 55.19±0.27aA | 45.21±0.25aA | 51.89±0.30aA | 64.26±0.77A |
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