不同品种孕马血浆生化指标比较

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.05.025

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (5): 1268-1276.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.05.025

不同品种孕马血浆生化指标比较

杨帆¹(), 郭翠洁¹, 任斐儿¹, 李海², 马玉辉², 陈开旭¹()

1.新疆农业大学动物科学学院/肉乳用草食动物实验室,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.昭苏县西域马业有限责任公司,新疆昭苏 835600

收稿日期:2023-10-09 出版日期:2024-05-20 发布日期:2024-07-09
通信作者: 陈开旭(1983-),男,四川三台人,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为动物营养,(E-mail)119889175@qq.com
作者简介:杨帆(1999-),男,陕西乾县人,硕士研究生,研究方向动物营养与饲料科学,(E-mail)1540254673@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目(2022A02013-2-3)

Comparative study on biochemical indexes in plasma of different breeds of pregnant horse under the condition of same dietary nutrient levels

YANG Fan¹(), GUO Cuijie¹, REN Feier¹, LI Hai², MA Yuhui², CHEN Kaixu¹()

1. College of Animal Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Herbivore's Nutrition for Meat and Milk Production, Urumqi 830052 China
2. Zhaosu County Xiyu Horse Industry Co., Ltd., Zhaosu Xinjiang 835600, China

Received:2023-10-09 Published:2024-05-20 Online:2024-07-09
Correspondence author: CHEN Kaixu (1983-), male, from Santai, Sichuan, doctor, master’s supervisor, research direction: animal nutrition, (E-mail)119889175@qq.com
Supported by:
The Major Science and Technology Special Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022A02013-2-3)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究妊娠后期母马血液常规生化指标的变化,为妊娠母马的健康养殖和科学饲养提供参考依据。【方法】选择平均年龄(7.50±1.50)岁、胎次相近(3~4)胎、膘情、健康状况一致的伊犁马18匹,哈萨克马21匹,纯血马21匹,杂交马(伊犁马♀×奥尔洛夫马♂)19匹。以品种为单位,分为4个试验组,在相同日粮营养水平和管理条件下,饲养试验90 d。试验期结束当天,早晨空腹颈部静脉采集孕马血液并测定相关指标。【结果】(1)纯血马血浆中总蛋白、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白分别高于其他三个品种58.39%(P<0.05)、44.01%(P<0.01)和32.16%(P<0.01)。(2)其中伊犁马、哈萨克马和纯血马血浆总胆红素极显著高于杂交马(P<0.01),分别提高了84.51%、131.35%和93.17%,伊犁马和哈萨克马直接胆红素分别高于杂交马82.50%和89.83%(P<0.05)。(3)伊犁马和纯血马葡萄糖水平分别高于哈萨克马106.93%和148.18%(P<0.01)。【结论】在相同营养水平和饲养管理条件下,因其品种差异,纯血马妊娠期与其他品种的蛋白质、肝功能酶活力及血糖水平都较为优异。而杂交马在妊娠期间肝功能代谢及血糖水平方面相较于其他3个品种马较低。

关键词: 马; 妊娠期; 生化指标; 营养水平

Abstract:

【Objective】Study the changes of blood routine biochemical indexes of pregnant mares in the later stage of pregnancy and provide reference for the healthy breeding and scientific breeding of pregnant mares.【Methods】18 Ili horses, 21 Kazakh horses, 21 thoroughbred horses, 21 hybrid horses (Ili horses) with average age (7.50 ± 1.50 years), similar parity (3-4 fetuses), consistent fat and health status were selected for the experiment ♀×Orlovma ♂) 19 horses.The varieties were taken as the unit and they were divided into four experimental groups.Under the same dietary nutrition level and management conditions, the feeding experiment was conducted for 90 days.At the end of the trial period, the blood of pregnant horses was collected from the fasting neck vein in the morning and the relevant indexes were measured.【Results】(1) the total protein, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein in plasma of pure blood horses were 58.39% (P < 0.05), 44.01% (P < 0.01) and 32.16% (P < 0.01) higher than those of the other three breeds, respectively.(2) The total bilirubin in plasma of Ili horse, Kazak horse and pure blood horse was significantly higher than that of hybrid horse (P < 0.01), increased by 84.51%, 131.35% and 93.17%, respectively.The direct bilirubin of Ili horse and Kazak horse was higher than that of hybrid horse by 82.50% and 89.83%, respectively (P < 0.05).(3) The glucose levels of Ili horse and thoroughbred horse were 106.93% and 148.18% higher than that of Kazakh horse respectively (P < 0.01).【Conclusion】Under the same nutrition level and feeding and management conditions, due to the difference of breeds, the protein, liver function enzyme activity and blood sugar level of pure blood horses during pregnancy are superior to those of other breeds.Compared with the other three breeds, hybrid horses have defects in liver function metabolism and blood glucose level during pregnancy.

Key words: horse; pregnancy period; biochemical index; nutritional level

中图分类号:

S821

杨帆, 郭翠洁, 任斐儿, 李海, 马玉辉, 陈开旭. 不同品种孕马血浆生化指标比较[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(5): 1268-1276.

YANG Fan, GUO Cuijie, REN Feier, LI Hai, MA Yuhui, CHEN Kaixu. Comparative study on biochemical indexes in plasma of different breeds of pregnant horse under the condition of same dietary nutrient levels[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(5): 1268-1276.

图/表 5

参考文献 39

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营养物质 Nutrients	苜蓿 Clover	牧草 Grass	精料补充料 Concentrate supplement	日粮营养水平 (精粗比80∶20) Dietary nutrient levels (forage-to- concentrate ratio 80∶20)
干物质 Dry matter	94.57	94.63	91.16	93.91
有机物 Organic matter	92.27	93.23	93.67	92.93
粗蛋白质 Crude protein	17.50	6.82	16.86	13.10
中性洗剂纤维 Neutral washing fiber	55.34	68.42	24.46	54.39
酸性洗剂纤维 Acid wash fiber	37.72	41.79	5.10	32.82
钙Ca	0.56	0.25	0.40	0.40
磷P	0.14	0.1	0.65	0.23

营养物质 Nutrients	苜蓿 Clover	牧草 Grass	精料补充料 Concentrate supplement	日粮营养水平 (精粗比80∶20) Dietary nutrient levels (forage-to- concentrate ratio 80∶20)
干物质 Dry matter	94.57	94.63	91.16	93.91
有机物 Organic matter	92.27	93.23	93.67	92.93
粗蛋白质 Crude protein	17.50	6.82	16.86	13.10
中性洗剂纤维 Neutral washing fiber	55.34	68.42	24.46	54.39
酸性洗剂纤维 Acid wash fiber	37.72	41.79	5.10	32.82
钙Ca	0.56	0.25	0.40	0.40
磷P	0.14	0.1	0.65	0.23

项目 Items	干物质采食量 Dry matter intake (kg)
伊犁马Yili horses	14.09
哈萨克马Kazakh horse	13.52
纯血马Thoroughbred horse	13.79
杂交马Hybrid horses	13.25

项目 Items	干物质采食量 Dry matter intake (kg)
伊犁马Yili horses	14.09
哈萨克马Kazakh horse	13.52
纯血马Thoroughbred horse	13.79
杂交马Hybrid horses	13.25

项目 Items	伊犁马 Yili horses	哈萨克马 Kazakh horse	纯血马 Thoroughbred horse	杂交马 Hybrid horses	范围 Scope
总蛋白(TP,U/L)	65.18±7.50^bB	70.04±8.47b^bB	96.38±62.11^aA	71.39±11.52b^bB	29.90-95.00
白蛋白(ALB,U/L)	30.22±8.10	32.21±6.41	44.13±7.80	49.87±61.90	22.40-59.00
尿素氮(UREA,mmol/L)	8.70±11.68	6.82±1.52	6.97±1.78	6.90±1.30	1.94-9.69
尿酸(UA,μmol/L)	227.6±55.25	240.23±73.82	264.31±77.22	243.89±73.26	112.00-365.00
肌酐(CREA,μmol/L)	36.46±8.43^cC	70.80±53.92^bB	81.69±13.63^bB	120.79±36.8^aA	10.50-177.60
甘油三酯(TG,mmol/L)	0.97±0.74^bBC	0.46±0.54^cC	2.10±0.34^aA	1.26±0.88^bB	0.14-2.37
高密度脂蛋白 (HDL-C,mmol/L)	1.04±0.50^b	1.06±0.30^b	1.18±0.15^ab	1.46±0.68^a	0.37-3.26
低密度脂蛋白 (LDL-C,mmol/L)	2.34±1.31^bcAB	2.55±1.23^bAB	3.37±0.30^aA	1.61±1.47^cB	0.17-4.06

不同品种孕马血浆生化指标比较

Comparative study on biochemical indexes in plasma of different breeds of pregnant horse under the condition of same dietary nutrient levels

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Metrics

项目 Items	伊犁马 Yili horses	哈萨克马 Kazakh horse	纯血马 Thoroughbred horse	杂交马 Hybrid horses	范围 Scope
丙氨酸氨基转移酶 (ALT,U/L)	15.54±10.82^bB	32.09±13.66^aA	33.44±9.86^aA	31.09±17.49^bAB	3.70-65.00
天冬氨酸基转移酶 (AST,U/L)	300.38±59.57	309.83±99.37	274.24±122.10	271.25±112.05	22.90-640.90
碱性磷酸酶 (ALP,U/L)	206.75±40.91	194.04±28.52	207.52±34.99	209.01±41.28	160.30-280.50
谷氨酰转肽酶 (GGT,U/L)	33.39±10.57^b	37.82±7.81^ab	41.78±13.78^a	37.31±8.02^ab	17.22-63.20

项目 Items	伊犁马 Yili horses	哈萨克马 Kazakh horse	纯血马 Thoroughbred horse	杂交马 Hybrid horses	范围 Scope
葡萄糖 (GLU,mmol/L)	6.27±1.05^aA	3.03±5.19^bB	7.52±0.40^aA	5.55±2.2^aAB	0.86-23.85
总胆红素 (TBIL,mmol/L)	43.28±16.86^bA	56.52±22.24^aA	45.26±14.13^bA	23.43±12.04^cB	7.62-97.75
直接胆红素 (DB,mmol/L)	14.18±5.48^a	14.75±11.58^a	12.31±5.55^ab	7.77±4.31^b	1.52-39.11
总胆固醇 (TC,mmol/L)	2.93±0.72^b	2.96±1.16^b	3.90±0.89^a	3.28±1.51^ab	1.63-6.35
血浆胆固醇 (Plasma cholesterol,mmol/L)	3.50±0.53^aA	2.87±0.5^bB	3.05±0.42^bB	2.06±0.5^cC	0.97-4.85

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