补喂赖氨酸和苏氨酸对泌乳母马血液和乳中激素的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.12.027

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (12): 3113-3120.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.12.027

• 草业·植物保护·畜牧兽医 • 上一篇

补喂赖氨酸和苏氨酸对泌乳母马血液和乳中激素的影响

经宏鑫¹^,²(), 李明浩¹^,², 王建文¹^,², 阿布都瓦热斯·阿布力克木¹, 李晓斌¹^,²()

1.新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆马繁育与运动生理重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2024-05-21 出版日期:2024-12-20 发布日期:2025-01-16
通信作者: 李晓斌(1988-),男,甘肃天水人,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为动物营养与饲料,(E-mail)lxb262819@163.com
作者简介:经宏鑫(2000-),男,吉林四平人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料,(E-mail)309221066@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目(2022A02013-2-3);新疆维吾尔自治区研究生创新项目(2023年);新疆维吾尔自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项(PT2311)

Effects of supplementing lysine and threonine on hormones in blood and milk of lactating mares

JING Hongxin¹^,²(), LI Minghao¹^,², WANG Jianwen¹^,², Abuduwaresi Abulikemu¹, LI Xiaobin¹^,²()

1. College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2024-05-21 Published:2024-12-20 Online:2025-01-16
Supported by:
Key Scientific R & D Program Project of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region(2022A02013-2-3);Project of 2023 Postgraduate Innovation Program of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region(2023年);Innovation Environment (Talent, Base) Construction Special Project of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region(PT2311)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究放牧条件下泌乳母马补饲赖氨酸和苏氨酸对其血液中和乳中激素浓度的影响,为氨基酸调控泌乳期母马的泌乳性能及机体健康提供参考依据。【方法】 选择产驹日期相近(5月),年龄7~9岁、胎次4~5胎、平均体重(428±33.42) kg和泌乳30 d的伊犁马母马12匹。按照产奶量相近的原则将12匹母马随机分为对照组和试验组。于相同放牧条件下(放牧时间、饮水时间、挤奶时间和放牧草场完全相同),对照组不补喂任何氨基酸,试验组补喂赖氨酸60+苏氨酸40(g/(d·匹))。整个补饲期为120 d,定期采集母马乳样及血液,测定激素指标。【结果】 在血液中,母马试验组的催乳素浓度呈持续上升趋势,且在试验的第60 d高于对照组(P>0.05),此外,试验组血液中的雌二醇、孕酮和生长激素浓度均呈先下降后上升的趋势,而对照组血液中雌二醇、孕酮和促黄体素浓度均呈先上升后下降的趋势;试验第120 d试验组乳中促黄体素和生长激素浓度均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),雌二醇、催乳素和促黄体素浓度均呈持续升高趋势,孕酮和生长激素浓度呈先下降后上升趋势。但对照组雌二醇和催乳素浓度呈先下降后上升趋势,且孕酮和生长激素浓度呈持续下降趋势。【结论】 母马补喂赖氨酸和苏氨酸可以增加母马血液中孕酮及催乳素含量,提高乳中雌二醇、催乳素和促黄体素浓度,使母马血液及乳中激素保持正常的生理规律,保证了泌乳期母马的机体健康。

关键词: 泌乳母马; 赖氨酸; 苏氨酸; 激素

Abstract:

【Objective】 Explore the effects of lysine and threonine supplementation on hormone concentrations in blood and milk of lactating mares under grazing conditions in the hope of providing reference for amino acid regulation of lactation performance and body health of lactating mares.【Methods】 12 Ili mares with similar foaling dates (May), ages of 7-9 years, parity of 4-5 fetuses, average weight of 428±33.42 kg and lactation for 30 days were selected.According to the principle of similar milk production, 12 mares were randomly divided into control group and experimental group.Under the same grazing conditions (grazing time, drinking time, milking time and grazing pasture were the same), set up control group and experimental group,the control group was not given any amino acid supplement, and the experimental group was given lysine 60 g+ threonine 40 g/(d· horses).The whole supplementary feeding period was 120 days, and milk samples and blood were collected regularly to determine hormone indexes.【Results】 The concentration of prolactin in the blood of the experimental group showed a continuous increasing trend, and was higher than that of the control group on the 60th day of the experiment (P > 0.05).In addition, the concentrations of estradiol, progesterone and growth hormone in the blood of the experimental group showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing.The concentrations of estradiol, progesterone and luteinizing hormone in the blood of the control group increased first and then decreased.In milking period, on day 120, the concentrations of luteinizing hormone and growth hormone in milk of experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group (P< 0.01), and the concentrations of estradiol, prolactin and luteinizing hormone showed a trend of continuous increase, while the concentrations of progesterone and growth hormone showed a tendency of decreasing first and then increasing.However, in the control group, the concentrations of estradiol and prolactin decreased first and then increased, and the concentrations of progesterone and growth hormone continued to decrease.【Conclusion】 In summary, supplementing lysine and threonine can increase the contents of progesterone and prolactin in the mare's blood, increase the concentrations of estradiol, prolactin and luteinizing hormone in milk, and maintain the normal physiological law of hormones in the mare's blood and milk.

Key words: lactating mare; lysine; threonine; hormone

中图分类号:

S821

经宏鑫, 李明浩, 王建文, 阿布都瓦热斯·阿布力克木, 李晓斌. 补喂赖氨酸和苏氨酸对泌乳母马血液和乳中激素的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(12): 3113-3120.

JING Hongxin, LI Minghao, WANG Jianwen, Abuduwaresi Abulikemu, LI Xiaobin. Effects of supplementing lysine and threonine on hormones in blood and milk of lactating mares[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(12): 3113-3120.

图/表 2

图1 补喂赖氨酸和苏氨酸后泌乳母马血液中激素浓度的变化注:*表示差异显著(P<0.05),**表示差异极显著(P<0.01),下同

Fig.1 Changes of hormone concentrations in the blood of lactating mares after supplementing lysine and threonine Notes:* means significant difference (P<0.05), ** means extremely significant difference (P<0.01),the same as below

图2 补喂赖氨酸和苏氨酸后泌乳母马乳中激素浓度的变化

Fig.2 Changes of hormone concentrations in milk of lactating mares after supplementing lysine and threonine

参考文献 43

[1]	Akers R M. Major advances associated with hormone and growth factor regulation of mammary growth and lactation in dairy cows[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2006, 89(4): 1222-1234. PMID
[2]	郭云. 补喂植物雌激素对泌乳期伊犁马产奶量、乳成分及血液生化指标的影响[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2015.
	GUO Yun. Effects of phytoestrogen supplementation on milk yield, milk composition and blood biochemical indexes of Ili horse during lactation[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2015.
[3]	Graham-Thiers P M, Wilson J A, Haught J, et al. Relationships between dietary, plasma, and muscle amino acids in horses[J]. The Professional Animal Scientist, 2012, 28(3): 351-357.
[4]	罗钧秋, 陈代文. 赖氨酸对蛋白质代谢的影响及其可能调控机制[J]. 饲料工业, 2006, 27(16): 40-43.
	LUO Junqiu, CHEN Daiwen. Effect of lysine on metabolism of protein and its possible regulation mechanism[J]. Feed Industry, 2006, 27(16): 40-43.
[5]	Luo M K. Chemical and biochemical perspectives of protein lysine methylation[J]. Chemical Reviews, 2018, 118(14): 6656-6705. DOI PMID
[6]	李耀杰, 王丽, 蒋宗勇, 等. 苏氨酸在仔猪生产上的应用研究进展[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022, 34(12): 7518-7528. DOI
	LI Yaojie, WANG Li, JIANG Zongyong, et al. Research progress on application of threonine in piglet production[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022, 34(12): 7518-7528. DOI
[7]	Yang Y X, Heo S, Jin Z, et al. Effects of lysine intake during late gestation and lactation on blood metabolites, hormones, milk composition and reproductive performance in primiparous and multiparous sows[J]. Animal Reproduction Science, 2009, 112(3/4): 199-214.
[8]	崔斌. 日粮苏氨酸水平对家兔生产性能、氮代谢和血液生化指标的影响[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2013.
	CUI Bin. Effects of dietary threonine levels on performance, nitrogen metabolism and blood biochemical indexes in rabbits[D]. Taian: Shandong Agricultural University, 2013.
[9]	Mok C H, Urschel K L. Amino acid requirements in horses[J]. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2020, 33(5): 679-695.
[10]	Brisken C, O’Malley B. Hormone action in the mammary gland[J]. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 2010, 2(12): a003178.
[11]	Neville M C, McFadden T B, Forsyth I. Hormonal regulation of mammary differentiation and milk secretion[J]. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia, 2002, 7(1): 49-66. DOI PMID
[12]	Prunier A, Quesnel H. Nutritional influences on the hormonal control of reproduction in female pigs[J]. Livestock Production Science, 2000, 63(1): 1-16.
[13]	PIRESTANI A, HASANI F, Foruzandeh Shahraki A. Effects of lysine intake during late gestation and lactation period on milk composition in multiparous dairy cattle[J]. Animal Sciences Journal, 2015, 28(107): 101-118.
[14]	蒋亚东, 江山, 肖融, 等. 不同饲粮赖氨酸水平对妊娠期荣昌初产母猪生长性能及血液生化指标和激素水平的影响[J]. 中国畜牧杂志, 2016, 52(9): 37-42.
	JIANG Yadong, JIANG Shan, XIAO Rong, et al. Effects of dietary iysine ievels on growth performance, serum biochemistry indices and hormone levels of primiparous Rongchang sows during gestation[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2016, 52(9): 37-42.
[15]	Barakat R, Oakley O, Kim H, et al. Extra-gonadal sites of estrogen biosynthesis and function[J]. BMB Reports, 2016, 49(9): 488-496. PMID
[16]	朱士恩. 家畜繁殖学[M]. 5版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2009.
	ZHU Shien. Livestock Breeding Science[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2009.
[17]	Blasiak M, Molik E. Role of hormones and growth factors in initiating and maintaining the lactation of seasonal animals[J]. Medycyna Weterynaryjna, 2015, 71(8): 467-471.
[18]	BRIDGES G A. Impact of preovulatory estradiol concentrations on mechanisms affecting fertility in cattle[D]. The Ohio State University, 2007.
[19]	李佳豪, 李晓斌, 李倩, 等. 两种日粮组成对妊娠后期母驴体重增加、血液生化指标及生殖激素影响的研究[J]. 中国饲料, 2022,(23): 62-68.
	LI Jiahao, LI Xiaobin, LI Qian, et al. Study on the effects of two dietary compositions on weight gain, blood biochemical indices and reproductive hormones of female donkeys in late pregnancy[J]. China Feed, 2022,(23): 62-68.
[20]	周媛, 韩国才, 郭振泉, 等. 血清雌二醇酶联免疫检测法对母马早期妊娠的诊断研究[J]. 中国畜牧杂志, 2008, 44(11): 52-54.
	ZHOU Yuan, HAN Guocai, GUO Zhenquan, et al. Study on serum estradiol ELISA for early pregnacy diagnosis of mares[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2008, 44(11): 52-54.
[21]	卢亚宾. 生产母马发情周期、妊娠期及流产时生殖激素水平变化的检测[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2016.
	LU Yabin. Detection of changes in reproductive hormone levels during the estrus cycle, pregnancy, and miscarriage of female horses during production[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2016.
[22]	Oakes S R, Rogers R L, Naylor M J, et al. Prolactin regulation of mammary gland development[J]. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia, 2008, 13(1): 13-28. DOI PMID
[23]	牛淑玲, 丰培金, 周虚. 促黄体素受体研究进展[J]. 动物医学进展, 2003, 24(5): 42-45.
	NIU Shuling, FENG Peijin, ZHOU Xu. Advances on the luteinizing hormone receptor[J]. Progress in Veterinary Medicine, 2003, 24(5): 42-45.
[24]	张荣飞. 妊娠母猪能量与赖氨酸需要的研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2011.
	ZHANG Rongfei. Research on the Energy and Lysine Requirements of Pregnant Sows[D]. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2011
[25]	谢成侠. 家畜繁殖原理[M]. 南京: 江苏科学技术出版社, 1983.
	XIE Chengxia. Principles of Livestock Reproduction[M]. Nanjing: Phoenix Science Press, 1983.
[26]	于全平, 王贤东, 方美烟, 等. 饲粮钙、磷水平对泌乳期伊犁母马营养物质消化代谢和血浆生理生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017, 29(8): 2716-2724.
	YU Quanping, WANG Xiandong, FANG Meiyan, et al. Effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus levels on nutrient digestion and metabolism, plasma physiological-biochemical indices of Yili mares during lactation period[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2017, 29(8): 2716-2724.
[27]	葛可佑. 中国营养科学全书[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2004: 102, 131.
	GE Keyou. An overview of nutrition sciences[M]. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2004: 102, 131.
[28]	Anderson E, Clarke R B. Steroid receptors and cell cycle in normal mammary epithelium[J]. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia, 2004, 9(1): 3-13. PMID
[29]	石长青, 安铁洙, 谭建华. 蒙古利亚矮种母马垂体促性腺激素的血清含量与妊娠状态和年龄的相关性[J]. 中国草食动物, 2005, 25(1): 6-7.
	SHI Changqing, AN Tiezhu, TAN Jianhua. Relevance of the serum gonadotropins concentration to breeding season and age in Mongolian pony mares[J]. China Herbivores, 2005, 25(1): 6-7.
[30]	袁宁. 补喂微生物制剂对泌乳期伊犁马产奶量、乳成分及血液生化指标的影响[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2015.
	YUAN Ning. The effect of supplementing microbial preparations on milk production, milk composition, and blood biochemical indicators in lactating Ili horses[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2015.
[31]	任万路. 年龄、环境温度和膘情对伊犁马发情周期卵泡发育与激素水平的影响[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2020.
	REN Wanlu. The effects of age, environmental temperature, and body fat on follicular development and hormone levels during the estrus cycle of Ili horses[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2020.
[32]	王建荣, 李伯良. 国外牛生长激素使用情况评述及我国的对策[J]. 中国畜牧杂志, 1997, 33(4): 55-57.
	WANG Jianrong, LI Boliang. Review of the use of bovine growth hormone in foreign countries and countermeasures in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 1997, 33(4): 55-57.
[33]	Flint D J, Knight C H. Interactions of prolactin and growth hormone (GH) in the regulation of mammary gland function and epithelial cell survival[J]. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia, 1997, 2(1): 41-48. PMID
[34]	Boutinaud M, Rousseau C, Keisler D H, et al. Growth hormone and milking frequency act differently on goat mammary gland in late lactation[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2003, 86(2): 509-520. PMID
[35]	Hadsell D L, Bonnette S G, Lee A V. Genetic manipulation of the IGF-I axis to regulate mammary gland development and function[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 85(2): 365-377. PMID
[36]	赵晓娥, 张静, 高臻, 等. 不同月份产羔母羊泌乳期生殖激素与生长激素监测[J]. 畜牧与兽医, 2021, 53(2): 56-60.
	ZHAO Xiaoe, ZHANG Jing, GAO Zhen, et al. Detection of reproductive hormone and growth hormone of ewes giving births in different months[J]. Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 53(2): 56-60.
[37]	王玲玲, 雷金龙, 吴树清. 肉用母羊孕期补硒对血清中生长激素和肝脏脂质代谢的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医杂志, 2008, 27(6): 1-4.
	WANG Lingling, LEI Jinlong, WU Shuqing. The study of content of serum GH and the met of liver pipid in different kinds of meat sheep in pregnancy and puerperium before and after Se injection[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2008, 27(6): 1-4.
[38]	Ni Y F, Chen Q Q, Cai J F, et al. Three lactation-related hormones: regulation of hypothalamus-pituitary axis and function on lactation[J]. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 2021, 520: 111084.
[39]	Tang Q, Tan P, Ma N, et al. Physiological functions of threonine in animals: beyond nutrition metabolism[J]. Nutrients, 2021, 13(8): 2592.
[40]	Igono M O, Johnson H D, Steevens B J, et al. Effect of season on milk temperature, milk growth hormone, prolactin, and somatic cell counts of lactating cattle[J]. International Journal of Biometeorology, 1988, 32(3): 194-200. PMID
[41]	马兵强, 姚新奎, 孟军, 等. 补喂不同水平竹叶提取物对泌乳期伊犁马产奶量及乳成分的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(11): 2786-2792. DOI
	MA Bingqiang, YAO Xinkui, MENG Jun, et al. Effects of different levels of bamboo leaf extract on milk yield and milk composition of Yili horse during lactation[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(11): 2786-2792. DOI
[42]	Hall C J, Soares da Costa T P. Lysine: biosynthesis, catabolism and roles[J]. WikiJournal of Science, 2018, 1(1): 4.
[43]	漆雯雯, 臧长江, 方美烟, 等. 饲粮钙磷水平对伊犁马初乳成分、乳脂脂肪酸组成、产后血液钙磷及激素的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2020, 51(2): 311-319. DOI
	QI Wenwen, ZANG Changjiang, FANG Meiyan, et al. Effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus levels on colostrum components, milk fatty acids composition, and postpartum plasma calcium, phosphorus and hormones of Yili mares[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2020, 51(2): 311-319.

编辑推荐 0

Metrics

阅读次数

全文

HTML			PDF

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版	最新录用	在线预览	正式出版
0	0	3	0	0	5

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	4	4
比例	50%	50%

摘要

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版

0	0	73

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	33	40
比例	45%	55%

补喂赖氨酸和苏氨酸对泌乳母马血液和乳中激素的影响

Effects of supplementing lysine and threonine on hormones in blood and milk of lactating mares

在线阅读

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 2

参考文献 43

相关文章 15

编辑推荐 0

Metrics

[1]	李永泰, 高阿香, 李艳军, 张新宇. 脱叶剂对不同敏感性棉花品种生理特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2094-2102.
[2]	经宏鑫, 李佳豪, 郭庆勇, 钟明彬, 张城铭, 马壮, 阿布都沙拉木·艾合麦提, 李晓斌. 放牧条件下泌乳母马补喂氨基酸对哺乳马驹生长发育及血液生化指标的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(1): 241-252.
[3]	吴梦露, 孙清明, 吴娇娇, 王凯, 杨旸, 杨益众, 苏宏华. 重金属镉胁迫对甜菜夜蛾体内保幼激素和蜕皮激素滴度的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2291-2297.
[4]	唐碧徽, 张俐华, 李海英, 张冲, 蒋廷浩, 赵晓钰, 蒋腾, 丁雅文, 吴盈萍, 赵全庄. 伊犁鹅和霍尔多巴吉鹅在繁殖性能、血清激素水平和基因表达量的比较[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5): 1271-1280.
[5]	裴红霞, 李生梅, 武旭霞, 耿世伟, 赖黎丽, 高晶霞, 董心久. 辣椒核雄性不育系pby-1形态学及生理生化特性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(3): 624-632.
[6]	侯钰荣, 柯梅, 李超, 兰吉勇, 康帅, 靳俊鹏, 魏鹏. 围栏封育和自由放牧对伊犁绢蒿生长规律和内源激素的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(11): 2824-2832.
[7]	侯良忠, 张俊瑜, 张志军, 桑断疾, 郭同军, 李聪年. 日粮中添加不同比例棉秆对后备种公羊生产性能、血清激素和睾丸组织的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(3): 774-780.
[8]	吴盈萍, 杨奕凡, 李海英, 赵晓钰, 马彦涵, 陶美妮. 高、低产蛋量伊犁鹅血清激素与生化指标及卵巢发育差异比较[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(2): 512-520.
[9]	吴睿宸, 姚新奎, 孟军, 曾亚琦, 王川坤, 阿拉法特·艾合买提, 努尔塔依·库尔班塔依. 补饲不同剂量竹叶提取物对泌乳期伊犁马血液生化指标的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(11): 2772-2778.
[10]	张雪敏, 姚新奎, 孟军, 曾亚琦, 王建文, 叶尔哈拿提·卡得尔汗, 哈丽斯汗·巴哈依丁. 母源补喂竹叶提取物对伊犁马幼驹血液生化指标的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(11): 2779-2785.
[11]	廖兰兰, 王俊, 付开赟, 丁新华, 何江, 吐尔逊·阿合买提, 郭文超. 马铃薯甲虫LdATPaseE调控幼虫蜕皮的分子机制[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(6): 1124-1137.
[12]	王建宇, 高秋玲, 王振磊, 林敏娟. 细胞代谢酶活性、碳水化合物及内源激素与枣裂果关系[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(9): 1689-1696.
[13]	马星宇, 嵇玉洁, 薛玉莹, 杜孟芳, 魏纪珍, 尹新明, 刘晓光, 安世恒. 棉铃虫鞣化激素基因克隆及分子特性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(4): 589-599.
[14]	嵇玉洁, 马星宇, 宋永辉, 杜孟芳, 魏纪珍, 尹新明, 刘晓光, 安世恒. 棉铃虫鞣化激素β亚基参与脂肪组织免疫的相关功能基因表达模式[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(4): 600-607.
[15]	王振东, 陈奇凌, 郑强卿, 王晶晶, 王文军, 蔡勇. 不同生长状况下新疆野苹果内源激素含量的变化[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(3): 477-275.