添加亚硒酸纳对人工栽培羊肚菌子实体产量及农艺性状的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.11.025

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究添加亚硒酸钠(Na₂SeO₃)对人工栽培羊肚菌子实体生长及农艺性状的影响,为大面积人工栽培富硒羊肚菌提供理论和技术支持。【方法】 以六妹羊肚菌作为富硒载体,亚硒酸钠为外源硒,采用人工栽培,系统分析不同硒浓度处理对羊肚菌产量及农艺性状的影响。【结果】 当硒浓度为0时,菌盖长度与菌柄周长最长;当硒浓度为10 mg/L时,菌柄周长与菌盖长度最长,对羊肚菌的生长有促进作用;当硒浓度为20 mg/L时,羊肚菌产量、子实体单株干重及子实体总长度最大,对羊肚菌的生长有促进作用;当硒浓度为40 mg/L时,硒浓度抑制羊肚菌子实体的生长。硒浓度20 mg/L下栽培的羊肚菌子实体的各项指标的综合评价得分最高,为最佳浓度。【结论】 以亚硒酸钠作为外源硒,硒浓度在20 mg/L效果最好,是大面积人工栽培富硒羊肚菌较为理想的浓度。

关键词: 六妹羊肚菌; 亚硒酸钠; 人工栽培; 富硒; 农艺性状

Abstract:

【Objective】 To analyze the effects of adding sodium selenite on the growth of fruiting body and agronomic traits of cultivated Morchella sextelata in the hope of providing theoretical and technical support for large-scale artificial cultivation of selenium-enrich Morchella. 【Methods】 The effects on different treatment of selenium concentrations on the yield and agronomic characters of Morchella sextelata were systematically analyzed by artificial cultivation with Morchella sextelata as selenium-enrich carrier and sodium selenite as exogenous selenium.【Results】 When the selenium concentration was 0, the length of cap and the circumference of stipe were the longest. When the concentration of selenium was 10 mg/L, the perimeter and length of the cap were the longest, which could promote the growth of Morchella sextelata. When the concentration of selenium was 20 mg/L, the yield, dry weight per plant and total length of fruiting body of Morchella sextelata were the largest, which promoted the growth of Morchella sextelata. When the selenium concentration was 40 mg/L, the selenium concentration inhibited the growth of Morchella sextelata fruiting body. The results showed that the comprehensive evaluation score of various indexes of Morchella sextelata fruiting body cultivated under the concentration of selenium 20 mg/L was the highest, which was the best concentration.【Conclusion】 Based onsodium selenite as exogenous selenium, 20 mg/L of selenium concentration is the best, which can be used as an ideal concentration for large-scale artificial cultivation of selenium-enrich Morchella.

Key words: Morchella sextelata; Na₂SeO₃; artificial cultivation; selenium-enrich; agronomic traits

中图分类号:

S646

李梦桐, 张相锋, 焦子伟. 添加亚硒酸纳对人工栽培羊肚菌子实体产量及农艺性状的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(11): 2816-2823.

LI Mengtong, ZHANG Xiangfeng, JIAO Ziwei. Effect of Na₂SeO₃on yield and agronomic traits fruiting body of Morchella under artificial cultivation[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(11): 2816-2823.

图/表 7

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处理 Treat- ments	硒浓度 Selenium concen tration (mg/L)	湿重 Wet weight (g/m²)	干重 Dry weight (g/m²)	折干率 Drying rate (%)
CK	0	181.208±3.364^b	27.454±0.550^b	15.151
1	10	184.210±4.757^b	28.821±0.878^b	15.646
2	20	221.329±6.003^a	31.659±0.732^a	14.304
3	40	175.735±2.745^b	23.932±1.195^c	13.618

处理 Treat- ments	硒浓度 Selenium concen tration (mg/L)	湿重 Wet weight (g/m²)	干重 Dry weight (g/m²)	折干率 Drying rate (%)
CK	0	181.208±3.364^b	27.454±0.550^b	15.151
1	10	184.210±4.757^b	28.821±0.878^b	15.646
2	20	221.329±6.003^a	31.659±0.732^a	14.304
3	40	175.735±2.745^b	23.932±1.195^c	13.618

处理 Treat- ments	硒浓度 Selenium concentration (mg/L)	平均单株干重 Average dry weight per plant (g)
CK	0	2.257±0.178^b
1	10	2.387±0.138^ab
2	20	2.729±0.198^a
3	40	2.248±0.130^b

处理 Treat- ments	硒浓度 Selenium concentration (mg/L)	平均单株干重 Average dry weight per plant (g)
CK	0	2.257±0.178^b
1	10	2.387±0.138^ab
2	20	2.729±0.198^a
3	40	2.248±0.130^b

处理 Treat- ments	硒浓度 Selenium concentration (mg/L)	总长度 Total length (cm)	菌盖长度 Cap length (cm)	菌盖周长 Cap perimeter (cm)	菌柄长度 Stipe length (cm)	菌柄周长 Stipe perimeter (cm)
CK	0	8.26±0.185^a	5.39±0.137^a	8.21±0.262^b	2.88±0.090^a	5.18±0.140^a
1	10	8.13±0.270^a	4.89±0.137^a	10.24±0.66^a	3.24±0.179^a	5.06±0.194^a
2	20	8.48±0.256^a	5.33±0.156^a	8.62±0.245^b	3.15±0.150^a	4.91±0.166^a
3	40	8.00±0.253^a	5.26±0.120^a	7.87±0.313^b	2.74±0.153^a	4.69±0.189^b