不同生态环境下葡萄光合特性差异性

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.012

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (8): 1913-1921.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.012

• 园艺特产·农产品加工工程 • 上一篇下一篇

不同生态环境下葡萄光合特性差异性

朱学慧¹(), 张雯², 马云龙³, 何鹏飞⁴, 韩守安², 王敏², 田嘉¹(), 谢辉²()

1.新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆农业大学机械工程学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
4.新疆农业大学科技学院生物科学系,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2022-10-30 出版日期:2023-08-20 发布日期:2023-08-14
通信作者: 田嘉(1985-),男,山东新泰人,副教授,研究方向为果树生物技术,(E-mail)terrisay@163.com；
谢辉(1984-),男,山西运城人,研究员,研究方向为葡萄栽培与加工,(E-mail)xhxjnky@163.com
作者简介:朱学慧(1997-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为果树栽培与生理,(E-mail)1947939698@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31960577);新疆农业科学院科技创新重点培育专项(xjkcpy-2020001);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-29-ZP-08)

Effects of high temperature stress on photosynthetic characteristics of grape

ZHU Xuehui¹(), ZHANG Wen², MA Yunlong³, HE Pengfei⁴, HAN Shouan², WANG Min², TIAN Jia¹(), XIE Hui²()

1. College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052, China
2. Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Chinaa
3. College of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
4. Department of Biological Science, College of Science and Technology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2022-10-30 Published:2023-08-20 Online:2023-08-14
Correspondence author: TIAN Jia (1985-), Male, Xintai, Shandong province, Associate professor, research field: physilolgy and cultivation of fruit trees, (E-mail)terrisay@163.com；
XIE Hui(1984-), Male, Yuncheng, Shanxi, associate, research field: Grape cultivation and processing, (E-mail)xhxjnky@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960577);The Preliminary Study Special Program of Key Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science(xjkcpy-2020001);Modern agriculture industry technology system special fund(CARS-29-ZP-08)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】分析不同生态环境下葡萄光合特性变化,研究2个葡萄品种在不同生态条件下光合特性的差异,分析不同主栽葡萄品种对生态环境的适应性。【方法】在乌鲁木齐市安宁渠镇和吐鲁番市鄯善县2个生态环境条件下进行试验,以无核白鸡心和无核白2个葡萄品种为材料,采用LI-6400和FMS-2测定其光合指标和荧光参数,分析不同生态环境条件下温度和光照差异对2个葡萄品种光合特性的影响。【结果】鄯善葡萄架下最高温度持续时间和光照时间均高于乌鲁木齐,鄯善最高温度为43℃,乌鲁木齐最高温度仅有38℃,日最高温度超出35℃的天数分别为86和20 d。鄯善PAR值高于乌鲁木齐,鄯善最高值为1 975.5 μmol/(m²·s)。2个葡萄品种叶片净光合速率日变化曲线均呈双峰趋势,鄯善高于乌鲁木齐,10:00时无核白鸡心葡萄净光合速率日变化在鄯善为41.8 μmol/(m²·s),显著高于乌鲁木齐的39.4 μmol/(m²·s)。2个葡萄品种表观量子效率、暗呼吸速率、ΦPSⅡ、qP和NPQ等值均表现为在鄯善高于乌鲁木齐,电子传递速率在乌鲁木齐高于鄯善。【结论】无核白鸡心葡萄在鄯善环境条件下对光能的利用能力优于乌鲁木齐,鄯善的净光合速率高于乌鲁木齐,该葡萄品种对鄯善环境逐渐适应;鄯善环境条件下实际光化学效率、qP、NPQ值均大于乌鲁木齐,电子传递速率在乌鲁木齐值更高。无核白葡萄对光能的利用率在乌鲁木齐环境条件下优于鄯善,相较于无核白鸡心葡萄该品种对鄯善环境适应能力较差;鄯善实际光化学效率、qP、NPQ、电子传递速率等值均高于乌鲁木齐。

关键词: 葡萄; 生态环境; 光合特性; 荧光特性

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the differences of photosynthetic characteristics of two grape varieties through the analysis of the changes of grape photosynthetic characteristics under different ecological environments and explore the effects of ecological conditions on grape photosynthetic characteristics.【Methods】 In this project, experiments were carried out under two ecological environment conditions: Urumqi region (Anningqu Town, Urumqi) and Shanshan region (Shanshan County, Turpan).Two grape varieties Centennial Seedless and WuHebai were taken as the experimental objects, their photosynthetic indexes and fluorescence parameters were measured by Li-6400 and FMS-2, and the effects of temperature and light differences on the photosynthetic characteristics of the two grape varieties under different ecological environment conditions were analyzed.【Results】 The results showed that the maximum temperature duration and light time in Shanshan under the grape shelf were higher than those in Urumqi.The maximum temperature of high-temperature environment there was 43℃, the maximum temperature of suitable temperature environment was only 38℃, and the days when the daily maximum temperature exceeded 35℃ were 86 d and 20 d respectively.The PAR value in Shanshan region was higher than that in suitable temperature environment, and the highest value in Shanshan was 1,975.5 μmol/(m²·s).The diurnal variation curve of leaf net photosynthetic rate of the two grape varieties showed a bimodal trend.The overall trend was that the high-temperature environment was higher than the suitable temperature environment.At 10:00 a.m., the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate of Centennial Seedless grape was 41.8 μmol/(m²·s) in the high-temperature environment, which was significantly higher than 39.4 μmol/(m²·s) in the suitable temperature environment.In terms of apparent quantum efficiency, dark respiration rate, the equivalence of ΦPSⅡ, qP and NPQ of the two varieties, they were higher in Shanshang, but the electron transfer rate in the Urumqi region was higher than that in Shanshan.【Conclusion】 The utilization ability of light energy of Centennial seedless under Shanshan region is better than that under suitable temperature environment, and the net photosynthetic rate under Shanshan region is higher than that under suitable temperature environment, which proves that the grape variety gradually adapts to Shanshan region; the utilization rate of light energy of Thompson seedless is better than that of Shanshan region under suitable temperature environment, and the adaptability of this variety to Shanshan region is poor.

Key words: grape; ecological environment; photosynthetic characteristics; fluorescence characteristics

中图分类号:

S663.1

朱学慧, 张雯, 马云龙, 何鹏飞, 韩守安, 王敏, 田嘉, 谢辉. 不同生态环境下葡萄光合特性差异性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1913-1921.

ZHU Xuehui, ZHANG Wen, MA Yunlong, HE Pengfei, HAN Shouan, WANG Min, TIAN Jia, XIE Hui. Effects of high temperature stress on photosynthetic characteristics of grape[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(8): 1913-1921.

图/表 7

图1 鄯善和乌鲁木齐温度、湿度日变化注:a:日最高温度;b:日最低温度;c:日最高湿度;d:日最低湿度

Fig.1 Diurnal variation of temperature, humidity and photosyntheticallyactive radiation in Shanshan and Urumqi Note: a: Daily maximum temperature; b: Daily minimum temperature; c: Maximum daily humidity; d: Daily minimum humidity

图2 不同栽培地区PAR日变化

Fig.2 Diurnal variation of PAR in different cultivation areas

图3 叶温及净光合速率(Pn)日变化注:A:叶温;B:净光合速率;SS-1:鄯善无核白鸡心;SS-2鄯善无核白;WLMQ-1乌鲁木齐无核白鸡心;WLMQ-2乌鲁木齐无核白

Fig.3 Yevin and Diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate Note: A:Leaf temperature;B:Plot ranspiration rate;SS-1: Shanshan-Centennial Seedless Grape;SS-2: Shanshan- Thompson seedless; WLMQ-1:Urumqi- Centennial Seedless Grape;WLMQ-2:Urumqi- Thompson seedless

图4 叶片气体交换参数注:a:净光合速率;b:胞间CO2;c:气孔导度;d:蒸腾速率;SS-1:鄯善无核白鸡心;SS-2鄯善无核白;WLMQ-1乌鲁木齐无核白鸡心;WLMQ-2乌鲁木齐无核白

Fig.4 Blade gas exchange parameters Note: a:Plot ranspiration rate;b: Intercellular CO2 concentration;c:: Conductance to H2O;d:Transpiration rate;SS-1:Shanshan-Centennial Seedless Grape;SS-2:Shanshan-Thompson seedless;ANQ-1:Urumqi- Centennial Seedless Grape;ANQ-2:Urumqi- Thompson seedless

图5 模拟叶片气体交换4种模型注:a:双曲线修正模型;b:直角双曲线模型;c:非直角双曲线模型;d:指数模型

Fig.5 Four models for simulating light response curve Note: a:Indicate modifiled rectangular hyperbola model;b:Indicate rectangular hyperbola model;c:Indicate non-rectangular hyperbola model;d:Indicate exponential model

表1 不同栽培地区叶片气体交换参数

Tab.1 Light response parameters in different cultivation areas

处理 Treatment		最大净光合速率P_max	光饱和点 Isat	光补偿点 Ic	暗呼吸 Rd	量子效率 AQY
无核白鸡心 Centennial Seedless	鄯善	21.82	1 293.27	11.94	1.14	1.00
无核白鸡心 Centennial Seedless	乌鲁木齐	17.44	1 114.35	29.88	2.51	0.99
无核白 Thompson seedless	鄯善	19.80	1 288.66	22.39	1.40	0.99
无核白 Thompson seedless	乌鲁木齐	19.52	1 213.42	17.92	1.56	0.99

表2 叶绿素荧光参数

Tab.2 Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters

处理 Treatment		PSⅡ实际光化学效率 ΦPSⅡ	光化学猝灭系数 qP	非光化学猝灭系数 NPQ	电子传递速率 ETR	PSⅡ最大光化学效率 Fv/Fm
无核白鸡心 Centennial Seedless	鄯善	0.780±0.087^aA	1.437±2.281^aA	1.101±0.700^aA	3.261±0.046^bA	0.913±0.013^abA
无核白鸡心 Centennial Seedless	乌鲁木齐	0.761±0.076^aA	1.117±0.096^aA	0.712±0.240^aA	3.544±0.093^aA	0.860±0.026^bA
无核白 Thompson seedless	鄯善	0.863±0.012^aA	1.300±0.614^aA	0.810±0.049^aA	2.349±0.071^cB	0.938±0.025^aA
无核白 Thompson seedless	乌鲁木齐	0.800±0.081^aA	1.030±0.614^aA	0.637±0.208^aA	2.568±0.064^cB	0.895±0.021^abA

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不同生态环境下葡萄光合特性差异性

Effects of high temperature stress on photosynthetic characteristics of grape

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