盐碱地白刺不同部位微生物群落高通量分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.10.026

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆盐碱环境中耐盐植物白刺的根际土壤和叶片内生微生物群落的结构丰富度和多样性。【方法】运用Novaseq测序平台对白刺根际土壤和叶片进行16SrDNA-V4区和ITS1区测序。经FLASH进行拼接,经过Qiim过滤叶绿体和线粒体序列,得到的序列在97%的序列相似性水平上聚类成为操作分类单元(OTUs)。对序列数据进行生物信息学分析,评价物种的Chao1指数、shannon指数以及Alpha多样性。【结果】白刺根际土壤细菌优势菌群为放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes);真菌优势菌群为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)。叶片内生细菌优势菌群为蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria);真菌优势菌群为子囊菌门(Ascomycota),白刺不同部位的微生物菌群数量和多样性有显著差异(P<0.05),白刺各样地之间微生物群落构成差异明显。【结论】白刺不同部位微生物群落的丰富度和多样性分布。

关键词: 白刺; 高通量测序; 根际微生物; 叶片内生菌; 微生物多样性; 微生物群落结构

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the structural richness and diversity of endophytic microbial communities associated with rhizosphere soil and leaves in the saline-alkali environment of Xinjiang.【Methods】 The 16SrDNA-V4 region amplicon and ITS1 region were sequenced in rhizosphere soil and leaves of Nitraria through Novaseq sequencing system.After each sample was amplified and fused by FLASH, and chloroplast genome sequence and mitochondrial sequence were filtered by Qiim, sequences were finally obtained respectively.With 97% sequence similarity, these sequences were clustered into Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs).Bioinformatics analysis was carried out on the sequence data to evaluate the species Chao1 index, Shannon index and Alpha diversity.【Results】 The results showed that the dominant bacterial microflora of Nitraria in rhizosphere soil were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes; And the dominant microflora of fungi was Ascomycota, the dominant endophytic bacterial microfloras were Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria; and the dominant microflora of fungi was Ascomycota.There were significant differences in the number and diversity of microflora in different parts of Nitraria (P<0.05).There were obvious differences in the composition of microbial communities among various species.【Conclusion】 The richness and diversity distribution of microbial community in different parts of Nitraria are revealed by high-throughput sequencing technology, which has provided theoretical basis for the selection of PGPR strains, the improvement of saline soil and the development of microbial fertilizers.

Key words: nitraria; high-throughput sequencing; rhizosphere microorganism; endophyte in leaves; microbial diversity; microbial community structure

中图分类号:

S158

艾海白尔·卡斯木, 樊永红, 迪拉热·海米提. 盐碱地白刺不同部位微生物群落高通量分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(10): 2562-2573.

Akbar Kasim, FAN Yonghong, Dilara Hamit. High Throughput Analysis of the Microbial Community in Different Parts of Nitraria in Saline Alkali Land[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(10): 2562-2573.

图/表 10

参考文献 42

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样本Sample group	细菌Bacteria			真菌Fungus
样本Sample group	丰富度指数 Chao1	多样性指数 Shannon	覆盖率 Coverage (%)	丰富度指数 Chao1	多样性指数 Shannon	覆盖率 Coverage(%)
BS₁	1 355.13						7.205	99.6	376.65	2.280	99.9
BS₂	1457.25						7.878	99.7	597.40	4.453	99.9
BS₃	1 503.46						7.884	99.6	445.21	3.256	99.9
BP₁	375.98						2.251	99.8	59.67	1.540	100
BP₂	289.47						0.991	99.9	21.00	1.336	100
BP₃	323.50						0.864	99.8	21.00	1.563	100

样本Sample group	细菌Bacteria			真菌Fungus
样本Sample group	丰富度指数 Chao1	多样性指数 Shannon	覆盖率 Coverage (%)	丰富度指数 Chao1	多样性指数 Shannon	覆盖率 Coverage(%)
BS₁	1 355.13						7.205	99.6	376.65	2.280	99.9
BS₂	1457.25						7.878	99.7	597.40	4.453	99.9
BS₃	1 503.46						7.884	99.6	445.21	3.256	99.9
BP₁	375.98						2.251	99.8	59.67	1.540	100
BP₂	289.47						0.991	99.9	21.00	1.336	100
BP₃	323.50						0.864	99.8	21.00	1.563	100

分类 Taxon	土壤Soil		叶片Leaves
	bacteria	fungus	bacteria	fungus
	OTUs数	1 985	878	593	252
界Kingdom	2	2	1	2
门Phylum	29	9	17	6
纲Class	44	28	31	12
目Order	93	60	66	19
科Family	167	114	123	25
属Genus	305	167	212	28
种Species	103	159	97	25

分类 Taxon	土壤Soil		叶片Leaves
	bacteria	fungus	bacteria	fungus
	OTUs数	1 985	878	593	252
界Kingdom	2	2	1	2
门Phylum	29	9	17	6
纲Class	44	28	31	12
目Order	93	60	66	19
科Family	167	114	123	25
属Genus	305	167	212	28
种Species	103	159	97	25

细菌门 phylum of bacteria	占比 proportion(%)			细菌门 phylum of bacteria	占比 proportion(%)
细菌门 phylum of bacteria	BS₁	BS₂	BS₃	细菌门 phylum of bacteria	BP₁	BP₂	BP₃
放线菌门(Actinobacteria)	26.17	24.48	48.16	蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)	69.86	93.17	93.05
变形菌门(Proteobacteria)	23.91	22.63	19.40	放线菌门(Actinobacteria)	26.28	5.14	5.41
芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)	23.62	19.18	9.46	变形菌门(Proteobacteria)	2.58	0.93	0.99
拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)	7.48	17.60	8.00	厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)	0.66	0.45	0.33
浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)	4.65	6.07	5.36	拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)	0.29	0.13	0.09
绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)	2.96	1.62	1.48	芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)	0.22	0.09	0.06
酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)	3.21	3.15	4.86	栖热菌门(Deinococcus-thermus)	0.02	0.03	0.01
庞微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)	0.65	1.46	0.85	酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)	0.007	-	0.002
厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)	0.79	1.53	0.77	绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)	0.016	-	0.002