蟠桃专用包装盒在模拟运输中减振功能分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.05.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研制一种具有减振功能的蟠桃专用包装盒及其套件,分析其在运输中的使用效果。【方法】以新疆蟠桃为试材,采用模拟运输振动方式,测定果实的损伤指数、失重率、硬度、呼吸速率、可溶性固形物(TSS)含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性等指标,分析蟠桃专用包装盒防止蟠桃振动和跌落损伤的效果。【结果】相比于对照和普通包装盒,专用包装盒不仅可以有效减少蟠桃果实表面损伤率(10.53%)、维持果实硬度(5.0 kg/cm²),还可以降低失重率(16.93%)、呼吸强度(72.08 mgCO²/kg·h)和乙烯释放速率速率(2.7 μl/kg·h),减少丙二醛(MDA)的积累(1.21 mmol/g),抑制多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性(11.78 U/g),增强过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(25.73 U/g),延缓果实的衰老。【结论】蟠桃专用包装盒具有显著减少果实损伤和延缓衰老的效果,更利于蟠桃运输后贮藏品质的保持。

关键词: 蟠桃; 包装盒; 模拟运输; 贮藏品质

Abstract:

【Objective】 To develop a special packaging box and a kit for flat peaches with damping function and to explore its effect in transportation. 【Methods】 Xinjiang flat peach as the test material, the simulated transportation vibration method was applied and the damage index, weight loss rate, hardness, respiration rate, soluble solids (TSS) content, catalase (CAT) activity and other indicators of the fruit were measured to analyze whether the special packaging box for flat peaches prevented vibration and fall damage of flat peaches. 【Results】 Compared with the control and ordinary packing box, the special packing box can not only effectively reduce the surface damage rate of flat peach fruit (10.53%), maintain the fruit hardness (5.0 kg/cm²), but also reduce the weight loss rate (16.93%), respiratory intensity (72.08 mgCO²/kg·h) and ethylene release rate (2.7 μL/kg·h), reduce the accumulation of malondialdehyde (1.21 mmol/g), inhibit the activity of polyphenol oxidase (11.78 U/g), enhance the activity of catalase (25.73 U/g), and delay the senescence of fruits. 【Conclusion】 The special packaging box for flat peaches has the effect of significantly reducing fruit damage and delaying its senescence, which is more conducive to maintaining the storage quality of flat peaches after transportation.

Key words: flat peach; packaging box; simulated transportation; storage quality

中图分类号:

S662.1

郭慧静, 宋方圆, 李冀新, 赵志永. 蟠桃专用包装盒在模拟运输中减振功能分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1284-1291.

GUO Huijing, LI Jixin, SONG Fangyuan, ZHAO Zhiyong. Effects of Special Package in Simulated Transportation of Flat Peaches[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(5): 1284-1291.

图/表 8

图1 蟠桃专用包装盒实例

Fig.1 Example diagram of a special packaging box for flat peaches

表1 空运PSD谱线

Table 1 Airborne PSD spectrum

频率 Frequency (Hz)	2	12	100	300	加速度总均方根值 Grms
功率谱密度 Power Spectral Density (g²/Hz)	0.000 1	0.005	0.005	0.000 005	0.74

图2 蟠桃专用包装盒结构示意注:1为盖板,2为防护层,3为盒体,4为圆柱形果洞,5为通气孔,6为抓槽

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the special packaging box for flat peaches Note: 1 is the cover, 2 is the protective layer, 3 is the box body, 4 is the cylindrical fruit hole, 5 is the vent hole, and 6 is the grab groove

图3 不同包装方式下蟠桃表面损伤变化注:同列中不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),下同

Fig.3 Effects of packaging methods on the surface damage of flat peaches Note: Different small letters in the same column mean significant difference(P<0.05), the same as below

图4 不同包装方式下蟠桃失重率(A)和硬度(B)变化

Fig.4 Effects of packaging method on the weight loss rate (A) and hardness (B) of flat peaches

图5 不同包装方式下蟠桃TSS(A)和MDA(B)含量变化

Fig.5 Effects of packaging method on the TSS (A) and MDA (B) contents of flat peaches

图6 不同包装方式下蟠桃呼吸速率(A)和乙烯释放速率(B)变化

Fig.6 Effects of packaging methods on the respiration rate and ethylene release rate of flat peaches

图7 不同包装方式下蟠桃CAT(A)和PPO(B)活性变化

Fig.7 Effects of packaging methods on the CAT and PPO activities of flat peaches

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