生物炭的施入对玉米生物量和磷养分吸收的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.03.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究生物炭的施入对玉米生长及植株不同部分磷吸收的的影响。【方法】采用盆栽试验,以玉米为供试作物,通过施用不同量的生物炭,研究不同施肥条件下,生物炭对玉米生长和磷吸收的影响。【结果】在不施氮肥的条件下,生物炭对玉米干物质积累量具有抑制作用,但提高植株磷吸收总量;在施氮条件下,生物炭能明显增加玉米的生物量(P<0.05),显著提高茎秆、叶片、籽粒磷吸收总量(P<0.05),明显降低根部磷吸收总量(P<0.05);随着炭施入量的增加,单株磷吸收量明显增加(P<0.05);生物炭处理能明显提高磷肥利用效率(P<0.05),利用效率变幅为20.73%~24.66%,相对于不施炭增幅达7.99%~30.76%。【结论】生物炭与氮肥、磷肥配施能够促进玉米生长,提升磷肥利用效率。

关键词: 生物质炭; 玉米; 生物量; 磷吸收

Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effect of biochar application on the growth of maize and phosphorus absorption of different parts of the plant. 【Methods】 Pot experiment was used to study the effects of biochar on maize growth and phosphorus absorption under different fertilization conditions. 【Results】 Under the condition of no nitrogen application, biochar inhibited the accumulation of dry matter in maize, but increased the total amount of plant phosphorus absorption; under the condition of nitrogen application, biochar could significantly increase the biomass of Maize (P< 0.05), the total amount of stem, leaf and grain phosphorus absorption (P< 0.05), but significantly reduce the total amount of root phosphorus absorption (P< 0.05); with the increase of carbon application, biochar could significantly increase the total amount of plant phosphorus absorption (P< 0.05). In addition, phosphorus absorption per plant increased significantly (P< 0.05); biochar treatment could significantly improve the utilization efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer (P< 0.05) and the utilization efficiency range was 20.73%-24.66%, which was 7.99%-30.76% higher than that without carbon application. 【Conclusion】 The application of biochar combined with nitrogen and phosphorus can promote the growth of maize and improve the utilization efficiency of phosphorus.

Key words: biochar; maize; biomass; phosphorus absorption

中图分类号:

S513
S14

葛春辉, 张云舒, 唐光木, 徐万里, 姚红宇. 生物炭的施入对玉米生物量和磷养分吸收的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(3): 442-449.

GE Chunhui, ZHANG Yunshu, TANG Guangmu, XU wanli, YAO Hongyu. Effects of Application of Biochar on Biomass and Phosphorus Uptake in Maize[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(3): 442-449.

参考文献

[1] XU G, LU Y,SUN J, et al. Recent advances in biochar applications in agricultural soils: Benefits and environmental implications [J]. Clean – Soil Air Water, 2012,40(10):1093-1098.
[2] Haefele S M, Konboon Y, Wongboon W, et al. Effects and fate of biochar from rice residues in rice-based systems [J]. Field Crops Research, 2011, 121(3): 430-440.
[3]Pandit N R, Mulder J, Hale S E, et al. Biochar improves maize growth by alleviation of nutrient stress in a moderately acidic low-input Nepalese soil [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 625:1380-1389.
[4] 周加顺, 郑金伟, 池忠志,等.施用生物质炭对作物产量和氮、磷、钾养分吸收的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2016,39(5):791-799.
ZHOU Jiashun, HENG Jinwei, CHI Zhonghi, et al. Effects of biochar amendment on crop yield and the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium [J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2016,39( 5):791-799.
[5] 才吉卓玛. 生物炭对不同类型土壤中磷有效性的影响研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2013.
Caijizuoma. Effect of biochar on phosphorus availability in different types of soil [D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2013.
[6] 武玉, 徐刚, 吕迎春等. 生物炭对土壤理化性质影响的研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014,29(1):68-79.
WU Yu,Xu Gang, L Yingchun, et al. Effects of Biochar Amendment on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties: Current Status and Knowledge Gaps [J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2014, 29(1):68-79.
[7] 郑琴, 王秀斌, 宋大利等.生物炭对潮土磷有效性、小麦产量及吸磷量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(3):130-136.
ZHENG? Qin,WANG? Xiubin,SONG? Dali, et al. Effects of biochar on phosphorus availability and wheat yield in a fluvo-aquic soil [J]. Soils and Fertilizers Sciences in China, 2019,(3): 130-136.
[8] 苏倩, 侯振安. 生物炭对新疆灰漠土壤无机磷形态的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2012,49(11):2102-2107.
Su Qin, Hou Zhenan. Effect of biochar on inorganic phosphorus form of grey desert soil in Xinjiang [J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2012,49(11):2102-2107.
[9] 闫湘, 金继运, 梁鸣早.我国主要粮食作物化肥增产效应与肥料利用效率[J].土壤,2017, 49(6):1067-1077.
YAN Xiang, JIN Jiyun, LIANG Mingzao. Fertilizer Use Efficiencies and Yield-increasing Rates of Grain Crops in China [J]. Soils, 2017, 49(6): 1067–1077.
[10] 唐光木, 姚红宇, 孙宁川等.棉秆炭对灰漠土玉米生长及氮素利用的影响[J].玉米科学, 2015,23(6):119-124.
TANG Guangmu, YAO Hongyu1, SUN Ningchuan, et al.Effect of Biochar on the Nitrogen Absorption and Maize Growth in Grey Desert Soil [J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2015,23(6):119～124.
[11] Jeffery S,Verheijen F G A,Velde M V D,et al.A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis[J].Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,2011,144(1):175-187.
[12]Niu Y H,Chen Z M,M ller C,et al.Yield-scaled N2O emissions were effectively reduced by biochar amendment of sandy loam soil under maize - wheat rotation in the North China Plain[J].Atmospheric Environment,2017,170:58-70.
[13] 马宏卫, 吕泽先, 王贺东.生物质炭和有机肥施用对芦蒿产量及土壤性质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(1):32-35.
LV Zexian, MA Hongwei, WANG Hedong et al. Effects of Biochar and Organic Fertilizer Application on Yield of Artemisia selengensis and Soil Properties [J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2018,34(1):32-35.
[14] 苏倩, 侯振安, 赵靓等.生物炭对土壤磷素和棉花养分吸收的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(3):642–650.
SU Qian, HOU Zhenan, ZHAO Jing, et al. Effects of biochar on soil phosphorus content and cotton nutrient uptake [J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2014, 20( 3) : 642-650.
[15] 张朴, 李仁英, 吴洪生等.水稻秸秆生物质炭对土壤磷吸附影响的研究[J].土壤 ,2018, 50(2):264–269.
ZHANG Pu, LI Renying, WU Hongsheng, et al. Effect of Rice Straw Biochar on Phosphorus Adsorption in Paddy Soil [J]. Soils, 2018, 50(2): 264–269.
[16] 郎印海, 王慧, 刘伟.柚皮生物炭对土壤中磷吸附能力的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报, 2015,45(4):78–84.
LANG Yinhai, WANG Hui, LIU Wei. Effect of Biochar from Pomelo Peel on Phosphorus adsorption Capacity in Soil [J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2015, 45(4):78–84.
[17] 巢军委, 王建国, 戴敏等.生物炭对水稻土Olsen-P的影响[J].土壤,2015,47(4): 670–674.
CHAO Junwei, WANG Jianguo, DAI Min et al. Effects of Biochar Amendment on Phosphorus Availability in Paddy Soil [J]. Soils, 2015, 47(4): 670–674.
[18] 关连珠, 禅忠祥, 张金海等.炭化玉米秸秆对棕壤磷素组分及有效性的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2013,46(10):2050-2057.
GUAN Lianzhu, CHAN Zhongxiang, ZHANG Jinhai, et al. Influence of Carbonized Maize Stalks on Fractions and Availability of Phosphorus in Brown Soil [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013,46(10):2050-2057.
[19] 靖彦.生物质炭与氮肥配施对旱地红壤理化性质及作物产量的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2015.
JIN Yan. Effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on the physical and chemical properties and crop yield of upland red soil [D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2015.
[20] 王玲, 贾俊香, 张毅等.生物炭对山西雨养旱地土壤肥力与酶活性的影响[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2017,37(12):884-889.
WANG Ling, JIA Junxiang, ZHANG Yi, et al. Effect of biochar on soil fertility and enzyme activity in Rainfed dry land of Shanxi Province [J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University (Natural Science Ed.) 2017, 37(12):884-889
[21] 尚杰, 耿增超, 陈心想等生物炭对土壤酶活性和糜子产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(2):146-151.
SHANG Jie, GENG Zengchao, CHEN Xinxiang, et al. Effects of biochar on soil enzyme activities and millet yield [J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2015, 33(2):146-151.
[22] 王冬冬, 徐琪, 杨洋等.基施生物质炭对菜用大豆植株营养吸收及土壤养分供应初报[J].大豆科学,2013,32(1):72－75.
WANG Dongdong,XU Qi,YANG Yang,et?al.Effect of Biochar Application as Basal Fertilizer on Nutrition Absorption and Soil Nutrient Supply of Vegetable Soybean[J]. Soybean Science, 2013, 32(1):72-75.
[23] 徐琪, 段欣玲, 刘颖等.基施生物质炭对强筋春小麦植株营养及土壤养分供应的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41( 7) : 69－71.
XU QI, DUAN Xinlin, LIU Yin, et al. Effects of biochar application on plant nutrition and soil nutrient supply of Strong Gluten Spring wheat [J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2013,41(7) : 69－71.
[24] 王典, 张祥, 朱盼等.添加生物质炭对黄棕壤和红壤上油菜生长的影[J].中国土壤与肥料, 2014,(3) : 63－67.
WANG Dian, ZHANG Xiang, ZHU Pan et al. The effect of biochar on rape growth in yellow brown soil and red soil [J]. Soil And Fertilizer in China, 2014,(3) : 63－67.

编辑推荐 0

Metrics

阅读次数

全文

969

HTML			PDF

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版	最新录用	在线预览	正式出版
0	0	0	0	0	969

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	27	942
比例	3%	97%

摘要

370

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版

0	0	370

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	152	218
比例	41%	59%