Abstract:

【Objective】 This paper aims mainly to study the growth of body weight and body size of local self-propagating thoroughbred horse foals from 0 to 12 months in the hope of providing data basis for scientific breeding and scientific diet formulation of local self-propagating thoroughbred horse foals by measuring and analyzing the changes of body weight and body size growth.【Methods】 A total of 40 thoroughbred horse foals with an average body weight of (51.00±6.27) kg (20 males and 20 females) were selected and divided into male foal group and female foal group according to their gender for a 12-month feeding monitoring experiment. All the experimental stables were carried out under the same feeding conditions, the composition and nutritional level of the daily grain were consistent, the weight and body size index of the stables were determined on schedule, and the 0 to 12 month-old pure blood stables and weight data were fitted and analyzed by the Logistic nonlinear growth curve model.【Results】 (1) With the increase of month age, the weight and body size of the male foal were significantly increased by 6.59% (P<0.01), 2.62% (P<0.01) and 2.28% (P<0.01), and the body height and tube circumference of the male foal were significantly higher than those of the female foal, which increased by 1.05% (P<0.05) and 1.22% (P<0.05) compared with female foal, respectively; (2) There were no significant differences in body weight, body height, chest circumference and average daily growth between male and female foals (P>0.05). The total growth and average daily growth of male foals were significantly higher than those of female foals from 0 to 6 months of age, which were 29.02% (P<0.01) and 27.78% (P<0.01), respectively. The total growth and average daily growth of male foals were higher than those of female foals during the whole experiment period; (3) The fitting degree of body weight and body size growth curve of foals was above 0.93, especially the fitting degree of body weight, body height and chest circumference of foals was 0.973,3, 0.982,4, 0.970,2 and 0.963,3, 0.970,1, 0.981,6, respectively. The fitting degree of growth curve model was good.【Conclusion】 Under the condition of this experiment, the foal grows with the increase of month age. The weight and body size of the male foal grow faster than those of the female foal, and the increase is more obvious before weaning. The Logistic model can better fit the growth curve of 0-12 month-old pure blood stables weight and body size.

Key words: thoroughbred horse; body weight; body size; gender

摘要：

【目的】 研究自繁纯血马马驹0~12月各月龄段马驹体重、体尺生长情况,测定、分析体重、体尺生长和增长的变化,为自繁纯血马马驹科学饲养及科学日粮配方提供数据依据。【方法】 选择2019年3月出生,平均体重(51.00±6.27) kg的纯血马马驹40匹,公母各20匹,按照性别分为公驹组和母驹组,进行为期12个月的饲养监测试验。所有试验马驹在相同的饲养条件下进行,日粮组成及营养水平一致,按期测定马驹体重和体尺指标,并利用Logistic非线性生长曲线模型对0~12月龄纯血马驹体尺、体重数据进行拟合和分析。【结果】 (1)随着月龄的增长,马驹的体重、体尺均呈极显著性增加。公驹体重、体斜长和胸围极显著高于母驹,分别比母驹提高了6.59%(P<0.01)、2.62%(P<0.01)和2.28%(P<0.01),体高和管围显著高于母驹,分别比母驹提高了1.05%(P<0.05)和1.22%(P<0.05);(2)体重、体高、胸围及管围各阶段总增长和平均日增长公驹与母驹之间差异不显著(P>0.05),体斜长0~6月龄阶段公驹总增长和平均日增长极显著高于母驹,分别比母驹提高了29.02%(P<0.01)和27.78%(P<0.01),在整个试验期间,公驹体斜长总增长和平均日增长均要高于母驹;(3)马驹的体重、体尺生长曲线拟合度均在0.93以上,尤其是体重、体高和胸围的拟合度,公驹和母驹分别达到了0.973 3、0.982 4,0.970 2和0.963 3、0.970 1、0.981 6,生长曲线模型拟合度较好。【结论】 马驹随着月龄的增加在增长,公驹的体重、体尺较母驹生长快,且在断奶前增长更明显。Logistic模型能较好的拟合0~12月龄纯血马驹体重、体尺的生长曲线。

关键词: 纯血马驹, 体重, 体尺, 性别