塔里木河上游不同生境细菌群落结构及多样性分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.021

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (3): 708-718.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.021

塔里木河上游不同生境细菌群落结构及多样性分析

姚宇翔¹^,²(), 王国强², 王可², 伊莎², 杨欣雅², 罗晓霞¹^,²()

1.塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用兵团重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔 843300
2.塔里木大学生命科学与技术学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300

收稿日期:2023-07-15 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-04-19
通信作者: 罗晓霞(1982-),女,新疆阿拉尔人,教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为微生物资源及其利用,(E-mail)xxluo415@163.com
作者简介:姚宇翔(1999-),女,河南周口人,硕士研究生,研究方向为微生物资源及其利用,(E-mail)1366307897@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团中青年科技创新领军人才计划(1119119);塔里木放线菌种质资源库建设(TDZKKY202201);塔里木大学自治区研究生科研创新项目(TDGRI202204)

Analysis of the bacterial communities structure and diversty of the Tarim River in different habitats

YAO Yuxiang¹^,²(), WANG Guoqiang², WANG Ke², YI Sha², YANG Xinya², LUO Xioaxia¹^,²()

1. Key Laboratory Biological Resources Conservation and Utilization in Tarim Basin,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Tarim University,Aral Xinjiang 843300,China
2. School of Life Science and Technology,Tarim University,Aral Xinjiang 843300,China

Received:2023-07-15 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-04-19
Correspondence author: LUO Xiaoxia(1982-),female,from Aral,Xinjiang,professor,research interests:microbial resources and their utilization,(E-mail) xxluo415@163.com
Supported by:
Young and middle-aged scientific and technological innovation leader program of XPCC(1119119);Construction of the Germplasm Resource Bank of Actinomyces tarimus(TDZKKY202201);Tarim University Autonomous Region Postgraduate Research Innovation Project(TDGRI202204)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究新疆塔里木河上游不同生境细菌群落结构及多样性。【方法】 采用免培养和可培养方法,研究塔里木河上游流域原始生境与人工开发后生境细菌群落结构及多样性差异,同时对分离的1株潜在新种进行多相分类鉴定。【结果】 原始生境与人工开发后生境细菌群落结构组成差异明显,人工开发后生境细菌α多样性低于原始生境,不同生境细菌β多样性差异较大。变形菌门和放线菌门为优势菌群,并获1株链霉菌属潜在新物种。【结论】 塔里木河上游不同生境样品中含有丰富的微生物资源,其细菌群落组成受人为活动的影响较大。

关键词: 不同生境; 细菌群落组成; 多样性; 多相分类鉴定

Abstract:

【Objective】 Analysis of the bacterial communities structure and diversty of the Tarim River in different habitats.【Methods】 The culture-free and cultivable methods were used in this study to explore the bacterial community structure and diversity of Tarim River,and also identified a potential new species by using the polyphasic taxonomy method.【Results】 There were significantly difference of bacterial community between the original habitat and the artificially developed habitat.There was lower alpha diversity of the artificially developed habitat than the original habitat,and it had multiple difference of the beta diversity among the different habits.Based on the cultivable methods,the Proteobacteria and Actinomycota were dominant bacterial groups in these habitats.According to the polyphasic taxonomy method,a potential new species was identified.【Conclusion】 There are multiple microbial resources in different habitats of the Tarim River.The bacterial community structure has been affected by human activities.

Key words: different habitats; bacterial community structure; diversity; the polyphasic taxonomy

中图分类号:

S188

姚宇翔, 王国强, 王可, 伊莎, 杨欣雅, 罗晓霞. 塔里木河上游不同生境细菌群落结构及多样性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(3): 708-718.

YAO Yuxiang, WANG Guoqiang, WANG Ke, YI Sha, YANG Xinya, LUO Xioaxia. Analysis of the bacterial communities structure and diversty of the Tarim River in different habitats[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(3): 708-718.

图/表 10

表1 各水平微生物分类单元数统计

Tab.1 Statistical table of the number of microbial classification units at all levels

Sample	Phylum	Class	Order	Family	Genus	Species
ZF	19	43	99	143	226	88
EG	26	54	129	160	236	82
TA	21	54	103	142	178	47
BM	22	44	105	156	221	70
S-T	28	67	112	138	112	32
S-M	25	60	89	101	78	13
S-Y	26	55	97	120	95	36
S-m	31	72	107	129	102	27
S4	26	62	116	143	117	30
S3	21	51	91	111	91	19
S2	28	65	110	136	114	33
S1	27	72	114	142	121	30

图1 不同样品间细菌群落结构组成注:A:塔里木河上游不同土样门水平物种组成柱状图,B:塔里木河上游不同水样门水平物种组成柱状图,C:塔里木河上游不同土样属水平物种组成柱状图,D:塔里木河上游不同水样属水平物种组成柱状图

Fig.1 Analysis of bacterial community structure among different samples Note:A:Histogram of horizontal species composition of different soil phylums in the upper reaches of Tarim River,B:Histogram of horizontal species composition of different phylums of the upper reaches of Tarim River,C:Horizontal species composition of different soil genus in the upper reaches of Tarim River,D:Tarim Histogram of horizontal species composition of different water sample genera in the upper reaches of the river

表2 不同样品的alpha多样性指数

Tab.2 Alpha diversity index of different samples

Sample	Chao1	Simpson	Shannon	Observed_species	Faith_pd	Goods_coverage
S1	3 377.93	0.990 888	9.297 34	3 249	306.966	0.994 019
S2	3 922.37	0.997 72	10.315 1	3 782	320.958	0.992 133
S3	2 191.48	0.980 822	8.072 1	2 042	206.968	0.994 716
S4	4 757.41	0.995 194	10.298 6	4 583	375.849	0.989 907
S-M	3 705.76	0.968 635	8.987 97	3 508	281.87	0.991 298
S-m	4 886.6	0.997 765	10.578	4 738	373.577	0.989 555
S-T	5 273.96	0.996 183	10.872 6	5 260	400.71	0.996 595
S-Y	4 452.27	0.998 124	10.712 5	4 230	364.662	0.990 527
BM	3 900.91	0.884 219	7.023 68	3 830	180.009	0.995 676
EG	3 070.09	0.965 024	7.240 96	3 063	178.746	0.998 786
TA	912.77	0.978 809	7.514 6	910	72.96	0.999 898
ZF	5 244.04	0.957 637	8.139 92	5 195	210.571	0.995 141

图2 物种的Rank-abundance曲线

Fig.2 The Rank-Abundance curve of the species

图3 塔里木河上游PCoA分析注:A:基于Bray curtis计算水样的PcoA分析; B:基于Bray Curtis计算土样的PCoA; C:基于非加权UniFrac距离的水样PCoA分析; D:基于非加权UniFrac距离的土样PCoA分析

Fig.3 PCoA analysis of the upper reaches of the Tarim River Note:A:Analysis of PCoA based on Bray-Curtis about Water sample; B:Analysis of PCoA based on Bray-Curtis about Soil sample; C:Analysis of PCoA based on unweighted UniFrac about Water sample; D:Analysis of PCoA based on unweighted UniFrac about soil sample

图4 基于UPGMA算法的样本间微生物群落距离矩阵

Fig.4 Based on the UPGMA to construct the distance matrix of bacterial community structure

图5 不同样品间属水平上物种韦恩图差异分析

Fig.5 Venn of genus horizontal species among different samples

图6 不同样品间属水平上物种差异热图

Fig.6 Heatmap of genus horizontal species among different samples

图7 塔里木河上游土样可培养法细菌多样性

Fig.7 Analysis of bacterial diversity in soil samples from the upper reaches of the Tarim River

图8 菌株TRM49032的多相分类鉴定注:A:菌株TRM 49032系统进化分析;B:菌株TRM 49032菌丝体形态;C:菌株TRM 49032细胞壁极性脂分析;D:菌株TRM 49032细胞壁脂肪酸分析;E:菌株TRM 49032细胞壁醌型分析

Fig.8 Multiphase classification and identification of strain TRM49032 Note:A:system evolution relationship of strain TRM49032; B:morphological electron micrograph of strain TRM49032; C:cell wall polar lipid type of strain TRM49032(ninhydrin staining,anisaldehyde staining,molybdenum phosphate staining); D:cell wall fatty acid type table of strain TRM49032; E:Analysis of cell wall quinotype of strain TRM49032

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塔里木河上游不同生境细菌群落结构及多样性分析

Analysis of the bacterial communities structure and diversty of the Tarim River in different habitats

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参考文献 29

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Metrics

Sample	Phylum	Class	Order	Family	Genus	Species
ZF	19	43	99	143	226	88
EG	26	54	129	160	236	82
TA	21	54	103	142	178	47
BM	22	44	105	156	221	70
S-T	28	67	112	138	112	32
S-M	25	60	89	101	78	13
S-Y	26	55	97	120	95	36
S-m	31	72	107	129	102	27
S4	26	62	116	143	117	30
S3	21	51	91	111	91	19
S2	28	65	110	136	114	33
S1	27	72	114	142	121	30

Sample	Phylum	Class	Order	Family	Genus	Species
ZF	19	43	99	143	226	88
EG	26	54	129	160	236	82
TA	21	54	103	142	178	47
BM	22	44	105	156	221	70
S-T	28	67	112	138	112	32
S-M	25	60	89	101	78	13
S-Y	26	55	97	120	95	36
S-m	31	72	107	129	102	27
S4	26	62	116	143	117	30
S3	21	51	91	111	91	19
S2	28	65	110	136	114	33
S1	27	72	114	142	121	30

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Sample	Phylum	Class	Order	Family	Genus	Species
ZF	19	43	99	143	226	88
EG	26	54	129	160	236	82
TA	21	54	103	142	178	47
BM	22	44	105	156	221	70
S-T	28	67	112	138	112	32
S-M	25	60	89	101	78	13
S-Y	26	55	97	120	95	36
S-m	31	72	107	129	102	27
S4	26	62	116	143	117	30
S3	21	51	91	111	91	19
S2	28	65	110	136	114	33
S1	27	72	114	142	121	30

Sample	Phylum	Class	Order	Family	Genus	Species
ZF	19	43	99	143	226	88
EG	26	54	129	160	236	82
TA	21	54	103	142	178	47
BM	22	44	105	156	221	70
S-T	28	67	112	138	112	32
S-M	25	60	89	101	78	13
S-Y	26	55	97	120	95	36
S-m	31	72	107	129	102	27
S4	26	62	116	143	117	30
S3	21	51	91	111	91	19
S2	28	65	110	136	114	33
S1	27	72	114	142	121	30

Sample	Phylum	Class	Order	Family	Genus	Species
ZF	19	43	99	143	226	88
EG	26	54	129	160	236	82
TA	21	54	103	142	178	47
BM	22	44	105	156	221	70
S-T	28	67	112	138	112	32
S-M	25	60	89	101	78	13
S-Y	26	55	97	120	95	36
S-m	31	72	107	129	102	27
S4	26	62	116	143	117	30
S3	21	51	91	111	91	19
S2	28	65	110	136	114	33
S1	27	72	114	142	121	30

Sample	Phylum	Class	Order	Family	Genus	Species
ZF	19	43	99	143	226	88
EG	26	54	129	160	236	82
TA	21	54	103	142	178	47
BM	22	44	105	156	221	70
S-T	28	67	112	138	112	32
S-M	25	60	89	101	78	13
S-Y	26	55	97	120	95	36
S-m	31	72	107	129	102	27
S4	26	62	116	143	117	30
S3	21	51	91	111	91	19
S2	28	65	110	136	114	33
S1	27	72	114	142	121	30