伊犁河谷野果林传粉昆虫物种多样性及访花行为特征

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.021

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (1): 190-198.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.021

• 农产品分析检测·林业·农业信息·植物保护 • 上一篇下一篇

伊犁河谷野果林传粉昆虫物种多样性及访花行为特征

席欧彦(), 王晨日, 古丽奴尔·吐拉西, 胡红英()

新疆大学生命科学与技术学院/新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830017

收稿日期:2023-05-30 出版日期:2024-01-20 发布日期:2024-02-21
通信作者: 胡红英(1969-),女,新疆人,教授,博士,硕士/博士生导师,研究方向害虫生物防治,(E-mail) huhongying@xju.edu.cn
作者简介:席欧彦(1990-),女,新疆人,博士研究生,研究方向为昆虫分类及植物保护,(E-mail) 1543687922@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发项目“天山野果林关键生物类群生存现状与有害生物谱系特征”(2016YEC 0501501);新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk0503)

Characteristics of pollinating insect types and floral visiting behavior in wild fruit forests of the Ili Valley

XI Ouyan(), WANG Chenri, Gulinuer Tulaxi, HU Hongying()

Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering / College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017,China

Received:2023-05-30 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2024-02-21
Correspondence author: HU Hongying(1969-),female,professor and doctoral supervisor,research direction:biological control of insect pests,(E-mail) huhongying@xju.edu.cn
Supported by:
The Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(2021xjkk0503);National Key R & D Project "Survival Status of Key biotic Groups and Phylogenetic Characteristics of Pest in Tianshan Wild Fruit Forest"(2016 YFC0501501)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆伊犁河谷野果林传粉昆虫物种多样性及访花行为特征,分析传粉昆虫资源及昆虫访花行为,为伊犁河谷野果林传粉昆虫资源的保护与利用提供参考数据。【方法】选取新疆伊犁河谷野果林主要分布的4个县(新源县、巩留县、霍城县和伊宁县)为研究样地,采集并鉴定该地的传粉昆虫,并分析4个样地的传粉昆虫和春夏2个季节传粉昆虫的组成类型和物种多样性;其次,运用定点调查方法研究野苹果花和林下草地2种主要显花植物的传粉昆虫的访花行为,评价其传粉效率。【结果】发现并记录伊犁河谷野果林传粉昆虫1 485头,155种,隶属6目39科110属,其中地蜂(Andrena sp.)、淡脉隧蜂(Lasioglossum sp.)和意大利蜂(Apis mellifera L.)为主要传粉昆虫,4个样地的物种多样性指数和丰富度指数存在显著差异,相似性指数表明伊宁县的传粉昆虫与其它3个样地均不同;意大利蜂的日访花节律最高值出现在13:00~13:30;野生地蜂和淡脉隧蜂的传粉效率明显高于家养的意大利蜂。【结论】新疆伊犁河谷野果林是重要的野生果树发源地,野生蜂的访花频率高于家养蜂,野生蜂淡脉隧蜂和地蜂传粉效率在家养蜂意大利蜂之上。

关键词: 生物多样性; 野生蜜蜂; 传粉效率; 访花行为

Abstract:

【Objective】 Ili Valley is the birthplace of many wild fruit trees,but in recent years,the ecosystems and biodiversity of wild fruit forests have been seriously damaged by pests and human interference. 【Methods】 Select four counties with the main distribution of wild fruit forests in the Ili Valley of Xinjing(Xinyuan,Gongliu,Huocheng and Yining),where wild fruit forests were mainly distributed and then their pollinating insects were collected and identified. Secondly,the pollinating insects of two major flowering plants,wild apple flower and understory grass were investigated by targeted survey to evaluate their pollination efficiency. 【Results】 The study showed that 1485 numbers and 155 species of pollinating insects belonged to 6 orders and 39 families and 110 genera were found and recorded in the wild fruit forests of the Ili Valley,Andrena sp.,Lasioglossum sp. and Apis mellifera L. were the main pollinators. The similarity index showed that the pollinators in Yining were different from those in the other three sample sites; the study of the flower visiting behavior of Hymenoptera insects showed that the highest daily flower visiting rhythm of Apis mellifera occurred at 13:00-13:30. The pollination efficiency of wild Andrena sp. and Lasioglossum sp. were significantly higher than that of domestic Apis mellifera L. The wild fruit forests in the Ili Valley was an important source of wild fruit trees. 【Conclusion】 The clarification of pollinator resources and insect flower- visiting behavior in the Ili Valley,Xinjing.

Key words: diversity of species; wild bee; pollination effiency; pollination behavior

中图分类号:

S436

席欧彦, 王晨日, 古丽奴尔·吐拉西, 胡红英. 伊犁河谷野果林传粉昆虫物种多样性及访花行为特征[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(1): 190-198.

XI Ouyan, WANG Chenri, Gulinuer Tulaxi, HU Hongying. Characteristics of pollinating insect types and floral visiting behavior in wild fruit forests of the Ili Valley[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(1): 190-198.

图/表 9

图1 三种花的形态和剖面示意图注:A:野苹果花;B:新疆鼠尾草;C:森林老鹳草;D:野苹果花剖面;E:新疆鼠尾草剖面;F:森林老鹳草剖面

Fig.1 Morphological diagrams and sectional schematics of the three species of flowers Note:A,Malus sieversii; B,Salvia deserta; C,Geranium sylvaticum; D,Cross-sectional view of M. sieversii; E,Cross-sectional view of S. deserta; F,Cross-sectional view of G. sylvaticum

图2 伊犁河谷野果林主要的昆虫类型注:A:昆虫组成类型和数量;B:膜翅目昆虫科级组成及数量

Fig. 2 Main types of insects in the wild fruit forests of the Ili Valley Note:A,Insect composition type and number; B,Hymenoptera family composition and number

表1 伊犁河谷西天山野果林传粉昆虫物种多样性比较

Tab.1 The diversity index in four sample plots of pollination insects in wild fruit-tree forest of the Ili valley

采样地 Sites	科 Family	属 Genus	种 Species	物种多样性指数 Diversity index(H')	物种丰富度指数 Abundance index(R')	优势度指数 Dominance index(S')	均匀度指数 Evenness index(J')
霍城Huocheng	23	59	77	3.47±0.02^a	12.38±.058^a	0.94±0.02^a	0.80±0.24^a
巩留Gongliu	31	66	80	3.46±0.12^a	11.87±0.61^a	0.89±0.01^a	0.79±0.02^a
新源Xinyan	22	47	58	3.03±0.04^b	10.40±0.62^b	0.95±0.13^a	0.75±0.03^a
伊宁Yining	10	18	21	2.37±0.21^c	5.07±0.43^c	0.81±0.01^a	0.79±0.02^a

表2 伊犁河谷野果林传粉昆虫的物种相似度比较

Tab.2 The similarity coefficient of pollination insects of wild fruit-tree forest in the Ili Valley

采样地 Sites	伊宁 Yining	霍城 Huocheng	巩留 Gongliu
霍城Hucheng	0.258
巩留Gongliu	0.229	0.586
新源Xinyuan	0.191	0.497	0.368

表3 伊犁河谷野果林春夏两季传粉昆虫多样性比较

Tab.3 Comparison of pollinator diversity between spring and summer in wild fruit forests in the Ili Valley

季节 Season	物种数 Number of species	科 Family	属 Genus	种 Species	均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index (J' )	Simpson 优势度指数 Dominance index(S')	Margalef 物种丰富度指数 Abundance index (R')	Shannon Wiener 物种多样性指数 Diversity index(H')
春季Spring	204	26	46	57	0.660 5	0.900 1	10.530 0	2.370 3
夏季Summer	1281	32	92	120	0.481 1	0.872 8	16.632 6	2.603 1

图3 传粉昆虫的日访花节律比较

Fig.3 Time of day in pollinators

表4 野苹果花主要传粉昆虫的平均访花频率、访花停留时间及携带花粉数比较

Tab.4 Comparison of the main pollinators mean visitation rate,mean duration and number of compatible pollens for Mauls sieversii

科 Family	物种 Species	平均访花频率 Mean visitation rate(flowers/min)	平均访花停留时间 Mean handling time(flowers/s)	携带花粉数 No. of compatible pollen
隧蜂科Halictidae	淡脉隧蜂L. sp.	3.25	25.11±0.42^a	68 621±8 216^c
地蜂科Andrenidae	地蜂A. sp.	5.09	20.04±0.36^b	110 000±19 245^a
蜜蜂科Apidae	意大利蜂A.mellifera	7.32	19.28±0.40^b	66 000±7 124^c

图4 森林老鹳草和新疆鼠尾草主要传粉昆虫的访花停留时间和访花频率注:A:访花停留时间;B:访花频率;图中***表示差异极显著(p<0.001),NS表示无显著性差异

Fig.4 Flower handling time and visitation rate of major pollinators in G. sylvaticum and S. deserta Note:A,Flower handling time; B,Visitation rate; *** indicates significant difference(p<0.001),NS indicates no significant difference

图5 森林老鹳草和新疆鼠尾草主要传粉昆虫携带花粉数对比注:***表示差异极显著(P<0.001),NS表示无显著性差异

Fig.5 Visiting frequency of pollinators in G. sylvaticum and S. deserta *** indicates significant difference(P<0.001),NS indicates no significant difference.

参考文献 28

[1]	刘瑜, 魏彩霞, 周世兴, 等. 天山野果林塞威士苹果和短距凤仙花叶斑病病原真菌的鉴定[J]. 植物保护学报, 2019, 46(2):345-351.
	LIU Yu, WEI Caixia, ZHOU shixing, et al. Identification of pathogenic fungi causing leaf spot of Malus sieversii and Impatiens brachycentra growing in the wild fruit forest of Tianshan Mountain[J]. Journal of Plant Protection, 2019, 46(2):345-351.
[2]	李林瑜, 方紫妍, 艾克拜尔·毛拉, 等. 西天山野果林不同居群黑果小檗土壤种子库及幼苗更新研究[J]. 植物科学学报, 2018, 36(4):534-540.
	LI Linyu, FANG Ziyan, Aikebaier Maola, et al. Research on the soil seed bank and seedling renewal of different populations of Berberis atrocarpa in the Western Tianshan Wild Fruit Forest[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2018, 36(4):534-540.
[3]	李捷, 朱朝东, 王凤鹤, 等. 野生蜜蜂及其传粉作用的研究现状[J]. 生物多样性, 2007,(6):687-692.
	LI Jie, ZHU Chaodong, WANG Fenghe, et al. Current research on the status of wild bees and their pollination roles[J]. Biodiversity Science, 2007,(6):687-692. DOI
[4]	赵龙龙. 北方蔷薇科果树常见野生传粉昆虫的组成及影响因素[J]. 植物医生, 2020, 33(4):28-32.
	ZHAO Longlong. Composition of wild pollinating insects on Rosaceae fruit trees in northern China influencing factors for it[J]. Plant Doctor, 2020, 33(4):28-32.
[5]	郭柏寿, 杨继民, 许育彬. 传粉昆虫的研究现状及存在的问题[J]. 西南农业学报, 2001, 26(4):102-108.
	GUO Baishou, YANG Jimin, XU Yubin. Problems and research advance of the pollination insects[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2001, 26(4):102-108.
[6]	Caron D M. Insect Pollination of Cultivated Crop Plants[J]. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America, 1977, 23(1):104.
[7]	Mushambanyi T M B. Social and ecological drivers of the economic value of pollination services delivered to coffee in central Uganda[J]. Journal of Ecosystems, 2014,298141.
[8]	申晋山, 武文卿, 宋怀磊, 等. 苹果传粉昆虫种类及其访花习性的研究[J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2015, 37(4):720-725.
	SHEN Jinshan, WU Wenqing, SONG Huailei, et al. The study of pollinating insects and their flower visiting behavior on Malus pumila Mill[J]. Journal of Environmental Entomology, 2015, 37(4):720-725.
[9]	Arnon D, Raphael A S, Sharoni S. Honey bee(Apis mellifera) strains differ in apple(Malus domestica) pollen foraging preference[J]. Journal of Apicultural Research, 2005, 44(1):15-20. DOI URL
[10]	Palmer J T, Clinch P G. Observations on the pollination of apple tree(Malus sylvestris Mill.)[J]. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 1996, 9(2):191-196. DOI URL
[11]	Delaplane K S, Mayer D F. Crop pollination by bees[J]. CABI Pub lishing, 2000.
[12]	Stern R, Golway M, Zisovich A, et al. Sequential introduction of honeybee colonies and doubling their density increases cross-pollination,fruit-set and yield in 'Red Delicious' apple[J]. Journal of Pomology & Horticultural Science, 2001, 76(1):17-23.
[13]	Shogo M, Tsutomu M. Several new aspects of the foraging behavior of osmia corn frons in an apple orchard[J]. Journal of Entomology, 2010,384371.
[14]	Sapir G, Baras Z, Azmon G, et al. Synergistic effects between bumblebees and honey bees in apple orchards increase cross pollination,seed number and fruit size[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2017,(219):107-117.
[15]	王芳, 张小雷, 杨兆萍, 等. 历史时期伊犁河谷文化遗址时空特征及驱动力分析[J]. 地理学报, 2015, 70(5):796-808. DOI
	WANG Fang, ZHANG Xiaolei, YANG Zhaoping, et al. Spatio-temporal characteristics of cultural sites and an analysis of their driving forces in the Ili River Valley in historical periods[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(5):796-808. DOI
[16]	施雨含, 任宗昕, 赵延会, 等. 气候变化对植物-传粉昆虫的分布区和物候及其互作关系的影响[J]. 生物多样性, 2021, 29(4):495-506. DOI
	SHI Yuhan, REN Zongxin, ZHAO Yanhui, et al. Effect of climate change on the distribution and phenology of plants,insect pollinators,and their interactions[J]. Biodiversity Science, 2021, 29(4):495-506. DOI
[17]	门兴元, 李丽莉, 卢增斌, 等. 壁蜂生物学特性与传粉服务功能[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2018, 55(6):973-983.
	MEN Xingyuan, LI Lili, LU Zengbin, et al. Biological characteristics and pollination service of Mason bee[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 2018, 55(6):973-983.
[18]	Liu R R, Chen D L, Luo S D, et al. Quantifying pollination efficiency of flower-visiting insects and its application in estimating pollination services for common buckwheat[J]. Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment, 2020,(301):107011.
[19]	Li P, Luo Y, Bernhardt Y, et al. Pollination of Cypripedium plectrochilum(Orchidaceae) by Lasioglossum spp.(Halictidae):the roles of generalist attractants versus restrictive floral architecture[J]. Plant Biology, 2008, 10(2):220-230. DOI PMID
[20]	Martins K T, Gonzalez A, Lechowicz M J. Pollination services are mediated by bee functional diversity and landscape context[J]. Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment, 2015, 200(1):12-20.
[21]	Albrecht M, Schmid B, Hautier Y, et al. Diverse pollinator communities enhance plant reproductive success[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences, 2012, 279(1748):4845-4852.
[22]	Fründ J, Dormann C F, Holzschuh A, et al. Bee diversity effects on pollination depend on functional complementarity and niche shifts[J]. Ecology, 2013, 94(9):2042-2054. PMID
[23]	Blitzer E J, Gibbs J, Park M G, et al. Pollination services for apple are dependent on diverse wild bee communities[J]. Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment, 2016,(221):1-7.
[24]	李春波. 苹小吉丁虫对寄主挥发物的嗅觉反应及两个化学感受蛋白的结合特性分析[D]. 杨陵: 西北农林科技大学, 2020.
	LI Chunbo. Olfactory responses of Agrilus mali to host volatiles and analysis of the binding characteristics of two chemosensory[D]. Yangling: Northwest A&F University, 2020.
[25]	武文卿, 贺娟, 宋怀磊, 等. 苜蓿花期喷施阿维菌素对蜜蜂及野生传粉昆虫的影响[J]. 中国植保导刊, 2021, 41(12):9-13.
	WU Wenqing, HE Juan, SONG Huailei, et al. Effects of abamectin spraying on flowering alfalfa on Apis mellifera and wild pollinators[J]. China Plant Protection, 2021, 41(12):9-13.
[26]	石鑫. 多旋翼植保无人飞机施药飘移规律及对蜜蜂的风险评估研究[J]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2021.
	SHI Xin. Study on spray drift of multi-rotor plant protection UAV and risk assessment to bees[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2021.
[27]	Greenleaf S S, Kremen C. Wild bee species increase tomato production and respond differently to surrounding land use in Northern California[J]. Biological Conservation, 2006, 133(1):81-87. DOI URL
[28]	Cane, James H. The effect of pollen protein concentration on body size in the sweat bee Lasioglossum zephyrum(Hymenoptera:Apiformes)[J]. Evolutionary Ecology, 2002, 16(1):49-65. DOI URL

伊犁河谷野果林传粉昆虫物种多样性及访花行为特征

Characteristics of pollinating insect types and floral visiting behavior in wild fruit forests of the Ili Valley

在线阅读

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 9

参考文献 28

相关文章 12

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	王丹丹, 李燕, 张庆银, 李世东, 庞永超, 马琨芝, 马龙, 牛瑞生, 钟增明, 齐连芬, 师建华. 不同微生物菌处理对番茄土壤微生物多样性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2248-2257.
[2]	岳丽, 王卉, 山其米克, 再吐尼古丽·库尔班, 涂振东. 基于高通量测序的甜高粱青贮饲料中微生物群落分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(11): 2742-2750.
[3]	秦新政, 王玉苗, 王志慧, 谢成娟, 王博. 秸秆还田对棉田土壤养分和微生物多样性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1236-1244.
[4]	刘肖利, 程彪, 刘璐瑶, 李勤凡, 佟盼盼, 张毅, 刘英玉, 苏战强, 李斌. 基于高通量测序技术分析奶牛乳房炎关联微生物群落结构及多样性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(4): 1025-1033.
[5]	艾海白尔·卡斯木, 樊永红, 迪拉热·海米提. 盐碱地白刺不同部位微生物群落高通量分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(10): 2562-2573.
[6]	刘建成, 曾军, 丁峰, 许先查, 窦晶晶, 陈开旭, 李凤鸣, 高雁. 再生固体牛粪垫料中细菌多样性分析及评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(12): 2334-2341.
[7]	顾美英, 徐万里, 张志东, 唐光木, 唐琦勇, 雇玉忠, 宋素琴, 古丽尼沙·沙依木, 杨波, 冯雷. 不同腐烂病发病程度核桃根区土壤微生物多样性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(6): 1107-1116.
[8]	陈竞;代金平;杨新平;古丽·艾合买提;买尔哈巴;冯蕾. 新疆北疆地区户用沼气微生物群落多样性分析[J]. , 2016, 53(3): 539-546.
[9]	林思雨;曹文秋;王雨晴;胡红英. 新疆玛纳斯国家湿地公园大青叶蝉及小蜂资源调查研究[J]. , 2016, 53(10): 1850-1857.
[10]	陆婷;罗淑萍;李疆;唐开文;玉苏甫·阿不力提甫. 扁桃开花及传粉生物学特性研究[J]. , 2013, 50(3): 447-452.
[11]	李雪;郭建伟;胡红英. 新疆萤叶甲亚科的生物多样性初步研究[J]. , 2011, 48(2): 311-315.
[12]	张志强;郭君贞;王慧琴;胡红英. 新疆北部赤眼蜂生物多样性分析[J]. , 2010, 47(6): 1152-1156.