生物菌肥对谷子长势指标及产量的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究不同生物菌肥浓度对谷子植株叶面积、地上生物量、净光合速率和产量的影响。【方法】以晋品谷4号为材料,大田设置0(CK)、450(S₁)、900(S₂)、1 350(S₃)、1 800(S₄)和2 250(S₅) kg/hm² 6种施肥梯度,随机区组设计,3次重复。【结果】开花期施肥处理叶面积显著高于对照CK,以S₄的叶面积最大,为203.03 cm²,比对照CK增长17.00%;开花期谷子地上鲜重和干重都以S₄最大,分别为579.46和153.02 g,并且都显著高于其它处理;在抽穗期、开花期和灌浆期都以S₄净光合速率最高,分别为26.29、22.94和14.02 μmol/(m²·s),均表现出随着施肥量的增加净光合速率呈现先增加后减低的变化趋势,并且不同施肥处理都显著高于对照CK;不同施肥处理产量均显著高于对照CK,随着施肥量的增加,产量增加到峰值出现降低趋势,以S₄的产量最高,为4 995.00 kg/hm²,较对照CK增加17.80%。【结论】生物菌肥作为一种环保型肥料可以代替部分无机肥料,以1 800 kg/hm²的施用量为宜。

关键词: 生物菌肥; 谷子; 叶面积; 地上生物量; 净光合速率; 产量

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this project is to study the effects of different levels of biological bacterial fertilizer on leaf area, aboveground biomass, photosynthetic rate and yield of foxtail millet.【Methods】 Jinpingu 4 was used as the experimental material, 6 fertilization levels were set up: 0 (CK), 450 (S₁), 900 (S₂), 1,350 (S₃), 1,800 (S₄) and 2,250 (S₅) kg/hm² in the field, with randomized block design and 3 replicates.【Results】 Leaf area of fertilization treatment in anthesis stage was significantly higher than that of CK, and the leaf area of S₄ was the largest, 203.03 cm² and 14.53% higher than that of CK; the aboveground fresh and dry weight of foxtail millet in anthesis stage was the largest, 579.46 g and 153.02 g, respectively, and was significantly higher than that of other treatments; the photosynthetic rate of S₄ was the highest in heading stage, anthesis stage and filling stage, 26.29, 22.94 and 14.02 μmol/(m²·s²), the photosynthetic rate increased first and then decreased with the increase of fertilization level, and different fertilization treatments were significantly higher than that of CK; the yield of different fertilization treatments was significantly higher than that of CK, and with the increase of fertilization, the yield increased to a certain peak and decreased, the yield of S₄ was the highest, 4,995.00 kg/hm², 17.80% higher than that of CK.【Conclusion】 As an environmental friendly fertilizer, biological bacterial fertilizer can replace part of inorganic fertilizer, and the suitable level is 1,800 kg/hm².

Key words: biological bacterial fertilizer; foxtail millet; leaf area; aboveground biomass; photosynthetic rate; yield

中图分类号:

S516.01

王君杰, 李俊, 乔治军. 生物菌肥对谷子长势指标及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(6): 1042-1047.

WANG Junjie, LI Jun, QIAO Zhijun. Effects of Biological Bacterial Fertilizer on Growth Index and Yield of Foxtail Millet[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(6): 1042-1047.

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