氮肥减施与氨基酸液体肥增施对露地膜下滴灌洋葱生长、产量和品质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.05.007

新疆农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (5): 838-845.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.05.007

• 园艺特产·土壤肥料·植物保护 • 上一篇下一篇

氮肥减施与氨基酸液体肥增施对露地膜下滴灌洋葱生长、产量和品质的影响

韩松竹, 高杰

新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2020-05-08 出版日期:2021-05-20 发布日期:2021-05-26
通信作者: 高杰(1963-),男,天津人,教授,研究方向为蔬菜栽培与生理,(E-mail)13899825018@163.com
作者简介:韩松竹(1991-),男,甘肃靖远人,硕士研究生,研究方向为蔬菜栽培与生理,(E-mail)2230396921@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“绿洲农业生态区露地蔬菜化肥农药减施技术模式建立与示范”(2018YFD0201205-3);新疆维吾尔自治区园艺学重点学科基金(2016-10758-3)

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction and Amino Acid Liquid Fertilizer Increase on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Onion under Drip Irrigation under Mulch

HAN Songzhu, GAO Jie

College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2020-05-08 Online:2021-05-20 Published:2021-05-26
Correspondence author: GAO Jie(1963-), male, native place: Tianjin, professor, research field: vegetable cultivation and physiology, (E-mail) 13899825018@163.com
Supported by:
National Key R & D Project “Establishment and Demonstration of the Technology Model for Reducing the Application of Vegetable Fertilizer and Pesticide in Oasis Agricultural Ecological Zone” (2018YFD0201205-3); Key Discipline Fund of Horticulture Science of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2016-10758-3)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】分析减少不同氮肥施用量和增施不同氨基酸液体肥施用量对洋葱植株性状、产量和品质的影响。【方法】以白皮洋葱白雪为试材,设置4个施氮水平,25(CK)、20(N₁)、17.5(N₂)、15 kg/667m²(N₃);3个氨基酸液体肥施用量,22(M₁)、26(M₂)、28 kg/667m²(M₃),共10个处理。在洋葱鳞茎膨大中期测洋葱形态指标,在采收时测洋葱鳞茎形态指标和产量指标,采收后测洋葱鳞茎的品质指标。【结果】在减氮20%(N₁)、30%(N₂)这2组中,随着氨基酸液体肥使用量的增加,与CK相比,洋葱植株形态指标的株高、茎粗与叶长较CK平均分别增加了4.09%、3.91%、7.51%与4.76%、5.74%、6.90%;洋葱植株鳞茎的横茎与纵茎较CK平均分别增加了3.27%、4.86%与3.19%、4.71%;洋葱的产量较CK平均增加了10%、6.61%;品质指标上,硝酸盐含量较CK平均降低了30.11%、25.53%;可溶性固形物较CK平均增加了6.68%、8.86%;可溶性蛋白较CK平均增加了43.09%、75.61%;VC含量较CK平均增加了1.64、1.58(mg/100g)。减氮20%(N₁)与30%(N₂)施用氨基酸液体肥这2组之间相比,前者比后者产量和经济效益平均分别增加了3.15%、3.43%;品质指标上可溶性固形物、可溶性蛋白与可溶性糖含量后者较前者平均分别增加了2.10%、23.08%与20.40%。【结论】减氮量为20%(N₁)时,氨基酸液体肥施用量为M₁、M₂时,洋葱的产量最高,品质较好;减氮量为30%(N₂)时,氨基酸液体肥施用量为M₁、M₂时,洋葱的品质表现的最好,产量指标较好。

关键词: 洋葱; 氨基酸液体肥; 氮肥减施; 品质; 产量

Abstract: 【Objective】 The effects of reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and increasing the amount of liquid amino acid fertilizer on the shape, yield and quality of onion plants were studied based on the experience of applying nitrogen fertilizer. 【Methods】 In this experiment, four different nitrogen application levels were designed, which were 25 (CK), 20 (N₁), 17.5 (N₂), kg/667 m² (N₃), three different amino acid liquid fertilizer application levels were designed, which were 22 (M₁), 26 (M₂),kg/667 m² (M₃) and ten different treatments were set. In the middle stage of onion bulb expansion, the morphological index and yield index of onion were measured, and the quality index of onion bulb was measured after harvesting. 【Results】 Compared with CK, the plant height, stem diameter and leaf length of onion increased by 4.09%, 3.91%, 7.51% and 4.76%, 5.74% and 6.90% respectively; the horizontal and vertical stems of onion plant increased by 3.27%, 4.86% and 3.19%, 4.71% respectively; the yield of onion plant increased by 3.27%, 4.86% and 3.19%, 4.71% respectively Compared with CK, the yield increased by 10% and 6.61% on average; nitrate content decreased by 30.11% and 25.53% on average; soluble solids increased by 6.68% and 8.86% on average; soluble protein increased by 43.09% and 75.61% on average; VC content increased by 1.64 and 1.58 (mg/100g) on average. The yield and economic benefit of the former group increased by 3.15% and 3.43% respectively compared with the latter group, and the content of soluble solid, soluble protein and soluble sugar in the quality index increased by 2.10%, 23.08% and 20.40% respectively compared with the former group. 【Conclusion】 When the amount of nitrogen reduction is 20% (N₁), the yield of onion is the highest and the quality is better when the amount of amino acid liquid fertilizer is M₁ and M₂; when the amount of nitrogen reduction is 30% (N₂), the quality of onion is the best and the yield index is better when the amount of amino acid liquid fertilizer is M₁ and M₂.

Key words: onion; amino acid liquid fertilizer; reduced nitrogen fertilizer application; quality; yield

中图分类号:

S633.2

韩松竹, 高杰. 氮肥减施与氨基酸液体肥增施对露地膜下滴灌洋葱生长、产量和品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(5): 838-845.

HAN Songzhu, GAO Jie. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction and Amino Acid Liquid Fertilizer Increase on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Onion under Drip Irrigation under Mulch[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(5): 838-845.

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氮肥减施与氨基酸液体肥增施对露地膜下滴灌洋葱生长、产量和品质的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction and Amino Acid Liquid Fertilizer Increase on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Onion under Drip Irrigation under Mulch

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