新疆干旱区密植条件下不同玉米品种主要农艺性状及耐密性分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.09.001

新疆农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (9): 1569-1577.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.09.001

• 玉米遗传育种专栏 • 下一篇

新疆干旱区密植条件下不同玉米品种主要农艺性状及耐密性分析

杨杰¹, 韩登旭¹, 王业建¹, 阿布来提·阿布拉¹, 梁晓玲¹, 郗浩江¹, 李铭东¹, 王仙¹, 文丽伟²

1.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;
2.疏勒县农业技术推广中心,新疆疏勒 844200

收稿日期:2020-04-24 发布日期:2020-09-01
通信作者: 韩登旭(1983-),男,甘肃人,副研究员,研究方向为玉米遗传育种,(E-mail)dreamhdx@163.com;阿布来提·阿布拉(1968-),男,新疆喀什人,研究员,研究方向为玉米遗传育种,(E-mail)abletabl@163.com
作者简介:杨杰(1980-),男,甘肃民勤人,副研究员,研究方向为玉米耐旱遗传育种与种质改良,(E-mail)yangjie111@sina.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金“玉米开花期雄穗耐干枯QTL候选基因挖掘及耐旱材料创制”(31960430); 新疆农业科学院科技创新重点培育专项“西北干旱与半干旱区籽粒机收玉米种质创新关键技术研究与应用”(xjkcpy-2020002);国家科技重大专项-转基因生物新品种培育子课题“适宜西北玉米区抗虫转基因玉米CM8101自交系创制”(2019ZX08013010-009);国家现代玉米产业技术体系建设专项自(CARS-02-68);自治区重大科技专项(2018A01001-2);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0100201-1);国家重点研发计划“玉米种子活力及其保持技术研究与应用”(2018YFD0100903);自治区高层次人才培养计划“天山英才”工程项目。

Study on Main Agronomic Traitsand Density Tolerance of Different Maize Varieties under Dense Planting Conditions in Arid Areas of Xinjiang

YANG Jie¹, HAN Dengxu¹, WANG Yejian¹, Abulaiti Abula¹, LIANG Xiaoling¹, XI Haojiang¹, LI Mingdong¹, WANG Xian¹, WEN Liwei²

1. Institute of Food Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
2. Shule County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Shule Xinjiang 844200, China

Received:2020-04-24 Published:2020-09-01
Correspondence author: HAN Dengxu(1983-),male,Gonsu,associate reseacher,research direction:maize genetics and breeding,(E-mail)dreamhox@163.com; Abuleti abula (1968 -), male, kashgar, xinjiang, researcher, research direction: maize genetics and breeding,(E-mail)abletabl@163.com
Supported by:
Supported by the Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China "Development of Candidate Genes QTL Drought Tolerance and Drought Tolerance Materials in Male Ear of Maize at Flowering Stage" (31960430); Key Cultivation of Science and Technology Innovation Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences "Research and Application of Key Technology of Maize Germplasm Innovation in Dry and Semi-arid Areas of Northwest China" (xjkcpy-2020002); National Science & Technology Major Project-Genetically Modified Organisms New Variety Cultivation Subproject(2019ZX08013010-009); China Agriculture Research System(CARS-02-68); Major Scientific and Technological Project in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2018A01001-2); the National Key R & D Program Project (2018YFD0100201-1); the National Key R & D Program Project "Research and Application of Seed Vitality and Its Maintenance Technology in Maize" (2018YFD0100903); High-level Personnel Training Program of the Autonomous Region "Tianshan Talent" Project

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 以耐密系数为依据,结合株高、穗位高、平均单株产量等主要农艺性状,鉴定筛选与分析新疆干旱与半干旱区种植主要玉米品种的耐密性,为耐密种质创新和新品种选育提供理论基础和技术支撑。【方法】 选用最新国审、省审、即将审定、进入国家和省级区域试验表现突出的先玉335、联创825、新玉108等11个中晚熟玉米品种为材料。采用裂区设计,密度为主处理,品种为副处理,设计2个密度水平(8.25×10⁴株/hm²,10.5×10⁴株/hm²),研究生育期对其株高、穗位高、产量等主要农艺性状及耐密性。【结果】 随着种植密度的增加表现增产,先玉335在8.25×10⁴株/hm²低密度条件下产量为19 954.23 kg/hm²,10.5×10⁴株/hm²高密度下产量为20 131.33 kg/ hm²,在高密度条件下产量达到最大潜力;国内品种联创825、新玉108号、九圣禾2468、MC703等品种产量潜力较大,但整体产量水平低于国外品种。九圣禾2468在8.25×10⁴株/hm²低密度条件下产量为17 879.6 kg/hm²,10.5×10⁴株/hm²高密度下产量为18 003.85 kg/hm²,表现出较强的耐密性。【结论】 结合产量、株高、穗位高、单株产量及耐密系数等主要农艺性状综合评价,先玉335、先玉1225等国外品种耐密性较强,联创825、新玉108号、九圣禾2468等国内品种耐密性也较好。

关键词: 玉米; 密植; 产量; 耐密性

Abstract: 【Objective】 On the basis of density tolerance coefficient, combined with the main agronomic traits, such as plant height, spike height and average yield per plant, the density tolerance of the main maize varieties planted in arid and semi-arid regions of Xinjiang were identified, screened and analyzed in the hope of providing theoretical basis and technical support for the innovation of density tolerance germplasm and the breeding of new varieties.【Method】 11 medium and late-maturing maize varieties, such as Xianyu335, Lianchuang 825 and Xinyu108, were selected as test materials in this experiment, which were the latest national, provincial, or about to be examined into national and provincial regional tests with outstanding performances. Split zone design was adopted, with density as the main treatment and variety as the secondary treatment. 2 density levels were designed (82,500 plants /hm² and 105,000 plants /hm²). The main agronomic traits such as plant height, spike height, yield and density tolerance were analyzed and studied during the growth period.【Result】 The results showed that: with the increase of planting density, the yield of Xianyu 335 was 19,954.23 kg/hm² under the low density condition of 82,500 plants /hm², and that of 105,000 plants /hm² under the high density condition was 20,131.33 kg/ hm², and the yield reached the maximum potential under the high density condition. Domestic varieties such as Lianchuang 825, Xinyu 108, Jiushenghe 2468 and MC703 had great yield potential, but the overall yield level was lower than those of foreign varieties. The yield of Jiushenghe 2468 was 17,879.6 kg/hm² under the low density condition of 82,500 plants/hm², and 18,003.85 kg/hm² under the high density condition of 105,000 plants/hm², performing strong tightness.【Conclusion】 Combined with the comprehensive evaluation of the main agronomic characters, such as yield, plant height, spike height, yield per plant and density tolerance coefficient, Xianyu 335, Xianyu 1225 and other foreign varieties have strong density tolerance, and Lianchuang 825, Xinyu 108, Jiushenghe 2468 and other domestic varieties have better density tolerance.

Key words: maize; dense planting; production; resistance to tightness

中图分类号:

S513

杨杰, 韩登旭, 王业建, 阿布来提·阿布拉, 梁晓玲, 郗浩江, 李铭东, 王仙, 文丽伟. 新疆干旱区密植条件下不同玉米品种主要农艺性状及耐密性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(9): 1569-1577.

YANG Jie, HAN Dengxu, WANG Yejian, Abulaiti Abula, LIANG Xiaoling, XI Haojiang, LI Mingdong, WANG Xian, WEN Liwei. Study on Main Agronomic Traitsand Density Tolerance of Different Maize Varieties under Dense Planting Conditions in Arid Areas of Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(9): 1569-1577.

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新疆干旱区密植条件下不同玉米品种主要农艺性状及耐密性分析

Study on Main Agronomic Traitsand Density Tolerance of Different Maize Varieties under Dense Planting Conditions in Arid Areas of Xinjiang

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