番茄秸秆复合基质对温室黄瓜生长、产量及果实品质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.01.009

新疆农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (1): 78-85.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.01.009

番茄秸秆复合基质对温室黄瓜生长、产量及果实品质的影响

时振宇¹, 陈健², 贾凯¹, 程云霞¹, 刘迁杰¹, 崔拥民³, 吴慧¹

1. 新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052;
2. 和田地区农业技术推广中心,新疆和田 848000;
3. 新疆沙田农业综合开发有限公司,新疆和田 848000

收稿日期:2019-09-23 出版日期:2020-01-20 发布日期:2020-02-06
通信作者: 吴慧(1967-),女,副教授,重庆人,硕士生导师,研究方向为蔬菜栽培与生理,(E-mail)huiwu1103@126.com
作者简介:时振宇(1994-),男,河南南阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为蔬菜栽培与生理,(E-mail)1363764727@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项(科技援疆计划)(2017E0231);新疆农业大学大学生创新创业项目(201810758015);新疆维吾尔自治区园艺学重点学科(2016107583)

Effects of Tomato Straw Composite Substrate on Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Cucumber in Greenhouses

SHI Zhenyu¹, CHEN Jian², JIA Kai¹, CHENG Yunxia¹, LIU Qianjie¹, CUI Yongmin³, WU Hui¹

1. College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052, China;
2. Agricultural Science & Technology Extension Center of Hetian Prefecture, Hetian Xinjiang 848000, China;
3. Xinjiang Shatian Agricultural Comprehensive Development Co., Ltd., Hetian Xinjiang 848000, China

Received:2019-09-23 Online:2020-01-20 Published:2020-02-06
Correspondence author: WU Hui (1967-), female, associate professor, master tutor, research direction for vegetable cultivation and physiology, (E-mail)huiwu1103@126.com
Supported by:
Supported by Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Regional Collaborative Innovation Project (Science and Technology Assisting Xinjiang Program) (2017E0231);Xinjiang Agricultural University College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project (201810758015);Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Horticulture Key Discipline Project ( 2016107583)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】筛选出适合新疆和田地区沙漠日光温室黄瓜生长可部分或全部替代椰糠的番茄秸秆栽培基质配方。【方法】将番茄秸秆与椰糠、沙子、鸡粪按照不同体积比配成复合基质,采用随机区组的方法,设置5个处理和1个对照,以中蔬128黄瓜为材料进行栽培试验。【结果】番茄秸秆不同配比基质对黄瓜的生长有显著的影响,利用隶属函数对黄瓜生长指标、生理指标及产量进行综合评价,栽培效果最好的是处理T3(番茄秸秆∶椰糠∶鸡粪∶沙子= 40∶5∶5∶50),在盛果期的株高为220.66 cm,茎粗9.88 mm,果实可溶性糖为1.89%,可溶性蛋白为7.47 mg/g,单果重为226.32 g,单株产量2.71 kg,产量10 870.66 kg/667m²,均优于对照;T3的隶属函数平均值最大,为0.76,各指标隶属函数平均值大小依次是T3 > T2 > T1 > CK > T4 > T5。【结论】番茄秸秆可以部分替代椰糠且T3复合基质(番茄秸秆∶椰糠∶鸡粪∶沙子=40∶5∶5∶50)可作为和田地区沙漠日光温室黄瓜生长的栽培基质在生产中推广应用。

关键词: 番茄秸秆; 复配基质; 黄瓜生长; 产量; 果实品质

Abstract: 【Objective】 To screen out the best cultivation substrate formula suitable for cucumber growth in desert solar greenhouse in Hetian area.【Method】 Tomato straw and coconut bran, sand and chicken manure were mixed into a composite matrix according to different proportions. The experiment was carried out by randomized block method, 1 control and 5 treatment groups were set up, and Zhongshu 128 cucumber cultivar was used as test material. 【Result】 The results showed that the different proportion matrix of tomato straw had a significant effect on the growth of cucumber, and the growth index, the physiological index and the yield of the cucumber were comprehensively evaluated by the membership function, and the result of the cultivation was that the treatment of T3 was the best (tomato straw∶coconut bran∶ chicken manure: sand = 40∶5∶5∶50). The results also showed that the plant height of T3 at the full fruiting stage was 220.66 cm, and the stem diameter was 9.88 mm, respectively, which were better than those of other treatments. The soluble sugar content of fruit was 1.89%, the soluble protein content was 7.47 mg/g, the weight of single fruit was 226.32 g, the yield per plant was 2.71 kg, and the yield was 10 870.66 kg/667m². The mean value of the membership function of T3 was the largest, 0.76, and the average size of each index membership function was T3> T2> T1> CK> T4> T5.【Conclusion】 To sum up, tomato straw can partly replace coconut bran and T3 composite substrate can be used as the cultivation medium for cucumber growth in desert solar greenhouse in Hotan area.

Key words: tomato straw; compound matrix; cucumber growth; yield; fruit quality

中图分类号:

S641.2

时振宇, 陈健, 贾凯, 程云霞, 刘迁杰, 崔拥民, 吴慧. 番茄秸秆复合基质对温室黄瓜生长、产量及果实品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(1): 78-85.

SHI Zhenyu, CHEN Jian, JIA Kai, CHENG Yunxia, LIU Qianjie, CUI Yongmin, WU Hui. Effects of Tomato Straw Composite Substrate on Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Cucumber in Greenhouses[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(1): 78-85.

参考文献

[1]王涛, 雷锦桂, 陈永快, 等. 海鲜菇渣复合基质对黄瓜生长、果实品质和产量的影响[J]. 热带作物学报, 2019, 40(1): 32-38.
WANG Tao, LEI Jingui, CHEN Yongku, et al. Effects of composite substrate of seafood mushroom residue on growth, fruit quality and yield of cucumber [J]. Journal of Tropical Crops, 2019, 40(1): 32-38.
[2] 周珺, 陈青, 王军, 等. 不同基质配比对橡胶树籽苗芽接小筒苗生长的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2018, 20(2): 33-38.
ZHOU Yi, CHEN Qing, WANG Jun, et al. Effects of different matrix ratios on the growth of rubber seedlings in small seedlings [J]. China Agricultural Science and Technology Review, 2018, 20(2): 33-38.
[3] 中国农业年鉴编辑委员会. 中国农业年鉴[J]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2012.
China Agricultural Yearbook Editorial Committee. China Agricultural Yearbook [J]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2012.
[4] 任志雨, 沈絮等. 秸秆基质对黄瓜生长、品质和产量的影响[J]. 天津农业科学, 2007, 13( 2): 23-25.
REN Zhiyu, SHEN Xu,et al. Effects of straw substrate on growth, quality and yield of cucumber [J]. Tianjin Agricultural Sciences, 2007, 13( 2): 23-25.
[5] 胡晓婷, 陈丹艳, 牛博宇, 等. 番茄秸秆堆肥对番茄生长发育、产量及品质的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2019, 47(1): 108-111.
HU Xiaoting, CHEN Danyan, NIU Boyu, et al. Effects of tomato straw compost on growth, yield and quality of tomato [J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 47(1): 108-111.
[6] 刘振国.玉米秸秆不同配比基质对黄瓜生长发育的影响[D]. 郑州: 河南农业大学, 2009.
LIU Zhenguo. Effects of different ratios of corn stalks on growth and development of cucumber [D]. Zhengzhou: Henan Agricultural University, 2009.
[7] 郭世荣. 无土栽培学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2012: 202-214, 423-425.
GUO Shirong. Soilless Cultivation [M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2012: 202-214, 423-425.
[8] 韩会会, 王秀锋, 杨凤娟, 等. 日光温室温光条件对黄瓜叶片及瓜条生长的影响[J]. 山东农业科学, 2017, 49(10): 31-35.
HAN Huihui, WANG Xiufeng, YANG Fengjuan, et al. Effects of daylight temperature and room temperature conditions on growth of cucumber leaves and melons [J]. Shandong Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 49(10): 31-35.
[9] 华东师范大学生物系. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 北京: 人民教育出版社, 1980: 143-144.
Department of Biology, East China Normal University. Experimental guidance for plant physiology [M]. Beijing: People's Education Press, 1980: 143-144.
[10] 王晶英, 敖红, 张杰, 等. 植物生理生化实验技术与原理[M]. 哈尔滨: 东北农业大学出版社, 2003: 108-111.
WANG Jingying, YAN Hong, ZHANG Jie, et al. Experimental techniques and principles of plant physiology and biochemistry [M]. Harbin: Northeast Agricultural University Press, 2003: 108-111.
[11] 王学奎. 植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2006: 278-279.
WANG Xuekui. Principles and techniques of plant physiology and biochemistry experiment [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2006: 278-279.
[12] 李合生. 植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2001: 123-124.
LI Hesheng. Principles and techniques of plant physiological and biochemical experiments [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2001: 123-124.
[13] 韩瑞宏, 卢欣石, 高桂娟, 等. 紫花苜蓿抗旱性主成分及隶属函数分析[J]. 草地学报, 2006, (2): 142-146.
HAN Ruihong, LU Xinshi, GAO Guijuan, et al. Analysis of the main components and membership functions of alfalfa drought resistance [J]. Acta Pratacultura Sinica, 2006, (2): 142-146.
[14] 艾娟娟, 厚凌宇, 邵国栋, 等林业废弃物基质配方特性及其对柚木生长的影响[J]. 浙江农林大学学报2018, 35(6):1027-1037.
AI Juanjuan, HOU Lingyu, SHAO Guodong, et al. Characteristics of forestry waste matrix formulations and their effects on teak growth [J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 2018, 35(6): 1027-1037.
[15] Klock K A, Fitzpatrick G E. Growth of impatiens 'Accent Red' in three compost products[J]. Compost Science and Utilization, 1997, 5(4): 26-30.
[16] 李晓强, 卜崇兴, 郭世荣, 等.菇渣复合基质栽培对蔬菜幼苗生长的影响[J].沈阳农业大学学报, 2006, 37(3): 517-520.
LI Xiaoqiang, BU Chongxing, GUO Shirong, et al. Effects of mushroom residue composite substrate cultivation on vegetable seedling growth [J]. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 2006, 37(3): 517-520.
[17] 朱国鹏, 刘士哲, 陈业渊, 等. 基于椰糠的新型无土栽培基质研究(Ⅱ): 配方试种筛选[J].热带作物学报, 2005, 26 (2): 100-106.
ZHU Guopeng, LIU Shizhe, CHEN Yeyuan, et al. Study on New Soilless Culture Based on Cocoon (II): Screening of Formulas[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2005, 26 (2): 100-106.
[18] 周宇, 陈蒙蒙, 刘青, 等. 黄沙和炉渣不同配比基质对温室黄瓜植株生长及生理特性的影响[J/OL].中国农业科技导报, https: // doi.org /10.13304/ j. nykjdb. 2019. 0119.
ZHOU Yu, CHEN Mengmeng, LIU Qing, et al. Effects of different proportions of yellow sand and slag on the growth and physiological characteristics of greenhouse cucumber plants [J/OL]. China Agricultural Science and Technology Herald, https: // doi.org /10.13304/ j. nykjdb. 2019. 0119.
[19] 周志红, 骆世明, 牟子平, 等. 番茄的化感研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 1997, 8(4): 445-449.
ZHOU Zhihong, LUO Shiming, ZHAI Ziping, et al. Study on allelopathic effects of tomato [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 1997, 8(4): 445-449.
[20] 刘晓英, 徐文栋, 焦学磊, 等. 不同配比红蓝LED光对黄瓜果实产量和品质的影响[J]. 植物资源与环境学报, 2016, 25(2): 80-84.
LIU Xiaoying, XU Wendong, JIAO Xuelei, et al. Effects of different ratios of red and blue LED light on cucumber fruit yield and quality [J]. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 2016, 25(2): 80-84.
[21] 杨文平, 胡喜巧. 氮肥对蔬菜VC和硝酸盐含量影响的研究进展[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2006, 34(22): 5924-5925.
YANG Wenping, HU Xiqiao. Research progress of nitrogen fertilizer on VC and nitrate content in vegetables[J]. Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2006, 34(22): 5924-5925.
[22] 范荣辉, 李岩, 杨辰海. 蔬菜中硝酸盐含量的安全标准及减控策略[J]. 河北农业科学, 2008, 12(11): 50-51.
FAN Ronghui, LI Yan, YANG Chenhai. Safety Standards and Control Strategies of Nitrate Content in Vegetables[J]. Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences, 2008, 12(11): 50-51.
[23] 焦娟, 谷端银, 刘中良, 等. 菌渣基质配方对设施番茄生长、光合特性和品质的影响[J]. 山东农业科学, 2018, 50(1): 34-39.
JIAO Juan, GU Duanyin, LIU Zhongliang, et al. Effects of slag matrix formulation on growth, photosynthetic characteristics and quality of tomato in greenhouse [J]. Shandong Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 50(1): 34-39.

番茄秸秆复合基质对温室黄瓜生长、产量及果实品质的影响

Effects of Tomato Straw Composite Substrate on Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Cucumber in Greenhouses

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	陈茂光, 林涛, 张昊, 刘海军, 王一帆, 汤秋香. 地膜类型对棉花生长的影响及自身降解和回收特性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2101-2108.
[2]	杨国江, 陈云, 林祥群, 何江勇, 刘盛林, 曲永清. 氮肥减施下有机肥替代对滴灌棉花产量、氮素吸收利用及土壤硝态氮的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2138-2145.
[3]	陈传信, 张永强, 聂石辉, 孔德鹏, 赛力汗·赛, 徐其江, 雷钧杰. 生物质炭施用量对滴灌冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2146-2151.
[4]	王立红, 张宏芝, 张跃强, 李剑峰, 王重, 高新, 时佳, 王春生, 夏建强, 樊哲儒. 不同产量水平冬小麦产量差异形成的干物质生产、转运及氮肥利用分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2152-2162.
[5]	王晓雨, 王小平, 史文宇, 刘美艳, 马健, 郭云鹏, 宋瑞欣, 王清涛. 拔节期冬小麦光合特性、干物质积累和产量对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2163-2172.
[6]	向莉, 王仙, 董裕生, 郭小玲, 方伏荣, 陈智军, 马艳明, 苗雨. 外源丁酸对干旱胁迫下大麦产量及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2173-2181.
[7]	杨红梅, 张跃强, 史应武, 吾买尔江·库尔班, 林青, 王宁, 楚敏, 曾军. 不同类型叶面肥喷施对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2182-2188.
[8]	刘玉芳, 张志刚, 李长城, 李宏, 程平, 杨璐. 不同温度和成熟度对杏贮藏期腐烂率和品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2189-2197.
[9]	马明杰, 赵经华, 李冬民, 杨胜春, 王克贤, 李池. 不同灌溉方式对苜蓿土壤水分与灌溉水利用效率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2306-2313.
[10]	王心, 林涛, 崔建平, 吴凤全, 唐志轩, 崔来园, 郭仁松, 王亮, 郑子漂. 种植模式与灌溉定额对机采长绒棉产量及纤维品质形成的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1821-1829.
[11]	董艳雪, 贾永红, 张金汕, 李丹丹, 王凯, 罗四维, 王润琪, 石书兵. 不同生态区环境下春小麦干物质积累及产量形成分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1848-1857.
[12]	李怀胜, 艾洪玉, 孟玲, 王贺亚, 张磊, 艾海峰. 减氮下运筹养分吸收高峰期追施比例对春小麦的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1866-1872.
[13]	韩守安, 王敏, 麦合木提·图如普, 谢辉, 艾尔买克·才卡斯木, 刘佳乐, 张雯, 潘明启. 不同光质处理对赤霞珠葡萄叶片光合特性及果实品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1894-1903.
[14]	张超, 白云岗, 郑明, 肖军, 丁平. 极端干旱区葡萄水肥协同效应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1931-1939.
[15]	王挺, 张力, 张凡凡, 黄嵘峥, 李肖, 张玉琳, 陈永成, 赵建涛, 马春晖. 适合青贮的玉米品种生产性能筛选及营养价值评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1596-1605.