春播玉米田杂草化学防除药效筛选及其安全性评价

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.03.019

新疆农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (3): 551-559.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.03.019

• 植物保护·草业·畜牧兽医·农业经济 • 上一篇下一篇

春播玉米田杂草化学防除药效筛选及其安全性评价

李双建^1,2, 王小武³, 王志慧⁴, 付开赟², 吐尔逊·阿合买提², 何江², 丁新华², 郭文超³

1.石河子大学农学院/新疆绿洲农业病虫害治理与植保资源利用重点实验室,新疆石河子 832003;
2.新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091;
3. 新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;
4.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2018-12-15 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-06-25
通信作者: 郭文超(1966-),男,河北人,研究员,博士生导师,研究方向为农业害虫综合防治,(E-mail)gwc1966@163.com;丁新华(1984-),男,河南人,副研究员,研究方向为农业害虫综合防治,(E-mail)dingxinhua1984@163.com
作者简介:李双建(1993-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为农业害虫综合防治,(E-mail)1021876514 @qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“北方玉米化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2017YFD0201800)

Screening and Safety Evaluation of Chemical Control of Weeds in Spring Sowing Corn Fields in Northern Xinjiang

LI Shuang-jian^1,2, WANG Xiao-wu³, WANG Zhi-hui⁴, FU Kai-yun², Tursun Ahmat ², HE Jiang², DING Xin-hua², GUO Wen-chao³

1.Key Laboratory for Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Resource Utilization at Universities of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Agronomy, Shihezi University Shihezi Xinjiang 832003, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management in China North-Western Desert Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China / Research Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
3. Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
4.College of agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2018-12-15 Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-06-25
Correspondence author: Guo Wen-chao(1966- ),male, born in Hebei, Researcher, Doctoral tutor, Research direction: Comprehensive control of agricultural pest, (E-mail)gwc1966@163.com
Ding Xin-hua(1984-), male, born in Henan, Associate researcher, Research direction: Comprehensive control of agricultural pest, (E-mail)dingxinhua1984@163.com
Supported by:
Supported by the National Key R & D Program of China: "Integrated Research and Demonstration of Chemical Fertilizer and Pesticide Reduction Technology in the Northern Corn"(2017YFD0201800)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的研究田间除草剂药效试验及其安全性,筛选出高效化学除草剂,并对其安全性进行评价,为新疆春播玉米田科学除草提供依据。方法采用田间小区试验,对8种除草剂不同时期的株防效和鲜重防效及其对玉米苗期安全性进行了评价。结果各封闭处理中,38%莠去津(金秋)SC 1 500 mL/hm²和38.5%硝·精·莠去津(卢迈克斯)CS 6 000 mL/hm²对总草的防效较为理想,其在施药后30 、45 d的株防效、鲜重防效依次达到74.29%、61.95%、62.50%、61.39%和74.29%、62.48%、62.50%、60.88%;茎叶处理中,40 g/L烟嘧磺隆(精品大捷)OD 1 200 mL/hm²对总草的防效最好,其在施药后30、45 d的株防效、鲜重防效达85.71%、83.18%、59.38%、64.78%,其次是28%硝·烟·莠去津(金大捷)OD 2 700 mL/hm²,其在施药后30、45 d的株防效、鲜重防效分别为80.00%、79.41%、50.00%、56.06%,24%硝磺·烟·莠(玉彩)OD 2 700 mL/hm²和50%氯吡·硝·烟嘧(苞鑫)WG 450 g/hm²的防效也较为理想。30%苯唑草酮(苞卫)SC 225 mL/hm²的防效最差,其在30 和45 d的株防效、鲜重防效仅为60.00%、56.07%和21.88%、41.73%。结论在生产上安全高效防除玉米杂草的除草剂种类及施药量为,封闭处理:38%莠去津(金秋)SC 1 500 mL/hm²、38.5%硝·精·莠去津(卢迈克斯)CS 6 000 mL/hm²,茎叶处理:40 g/L烟嘧磺隆(精品大捷)OD 1 200 mL/hm²、28%硝·烟·莠去津(金大捷)OD 2 700 mL/hm²、24%硝磺·烟·莠(玉彩)OD 2 700 mL/hm²和50%氯吡·硝·烟嘧(苞鑫)WG 450 g/hm²。

关键词: 春播玉米; 化学除草; 药剂筛选 ; 安全性评价

Abstract: Objective The purpose of this project is to screen out the high efficiency chemical herbicide and evaluate its safety through field herbicide efficacy test and safety investigation in the hope of providing the basis for scientific herbicidal control in spring sowing corn field in Xinjiang. Method The field control experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and fresh weight control of 8 herbicides in different periods and their safety in corn seedling stage.Result In each closed process, Atrazine 38% SC (1,500 mL/hm²) and Mesotrione·s-metolachlor·atrazine 38.5% CS ( 6,000 mL/hm²) weed control were better than other treatments. Stem and leaf treatment, Nicosulfuron 40 g/L OD ( 1,200 mL/hm²) weed control were better than other treatments, the plant control effect and fresh weight control effect reached 30 d and 45 d after application were 85.71%,83.18% and 59.38%,64.78%, next Mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine 28% OD (2,700 mL/hm²) the effect was better. Mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine 24% OD (2,700 mL/hm²) and Fluroxypyr-meptyl·mesotrione·nicosulfuron 50% WG (450 g/hm²) could also be used as a choice for weed control. But, Topramezone 30% SC (225 mL/hm²) the weed control effect was the worst, not recommended for use in corn field weed control.Conclusion The types and application rates of herbicides that are safe and effective in controlling corn weeds in production are: closed treatment: Atrazine 38% SC (1,500 mL/hm²) and Mesotrione·s-metolachlor·atrazine 38.5% CS (6,000 mL/hm²); Stem and leaf treatment: Nicosulfuron 40 g/L OD (1,200 mL/hm²) , Mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine 28% OD (2,700 mL/hm²), Mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine 24% OD (2,700 mL/hm²) and Fluroxypyr-meptyl·mesotrione·nicosulfuron 50% WG (450 g/hm²).

Key words: spring sowing corn; chemical weeding; drug screening; safety evaluation
; ;

中图分类号:

S435.112.6

李双建, 王小武, 王志慧, 付开赟, 吐尔逊·阿合买提, 何江, 丁新华, 郭文超. 春播玉米田杂草化学防除药效筛选及其安全性评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(3): 551-559.

LI Shuang-jian, WANG Xiao-wu, WANG Zhi-hui, FU Kai-yun, Tursun Ahmat, HE Jiang, DING Xin-hua, GUO Wen-chao. Screening and Safety Evaluation of Chemical Control of Weeds in Spring Sowing Corn Fields in Northern Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(3): 551-559.

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春播玉米田杂草化学防除药效筛选及其安全性评价

Screening and Safety Evaluation of Chemical Control of Weeds in Spring Sowing Corn Fields in Northern Xinjiang

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