河西走廊地区棉蚜发生动态及植物源农药药效分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.01.005

新疆农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (1): 38-45.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.01.005

• 棉花化肥农药减施研究专刊 • 上一篇下一篇

河西走廊地区棉蚜发生动态及植物源农药药效分析

胡迪^1,2,张宣^1,2,罗进仓³,南宏宇⁴,李怡萍^1,2

1. 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院/植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100;
2. 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院/农业部西北黄土高原作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100;
3. 甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,兰州 730070;
4. 甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,兰州 730070

出版日期:2019-01-20 发布日期:2019-01-20
通信作者: 李怡萍 (1972 － ),女,陕西咸阳人, 副教授, 研究方向为农业害虫综合治理, ( E-mail)liyiping@nwsuaf.edu.cn
作者简介:胡迪 (1993 － ), 男, 四川达州人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为农业昆虫与害虫防治, (E-mail)449630093@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201900); 国家自然科学基金项目(3187197, 31772503)

Study on Occurrence Dynamics of Aphis gossypii and Botanical Pesticide Control Technology in Hexi Corridor Region

HU Di^{1, 2}, ZHANG Xuan^{1, 2}, LUO Jin - cang³, NAN Hong - yu4, LI Yi - ping^{1, 2}

1. Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shanxi 712100, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shanxi 712100, China;
3. Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China;
4. Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China

Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-20
Correspondence author: Li Yi - ping(1972 -),female,native place:Xianyang,Shanxi. associate professor,research direction for Integrated management of agricultural pests, (E -mail) liyiping@ nwsuaf.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 研究棉蚜田间种群动态消长规律,筛选得到高效、低毒的植物源农药,为棉蚜的绿色防控和减少化学农药使用量提供参考依据。【方法】 2017、2018年在甘肃省敦煌地区棉田采用田间人工调查方法调查虫情,选用以植物源农药0.5% 藜芦碱可溶液剂、0.5% 苦参碱水剂、10% 吡虫啉可湿性粉剂、1.8% 阿维菌素乳油等为主的10 种不同类型的杀虫剂开展田间防治棉蚜药剂筛选试验。【结果】 2017、2018 年棉蚜种群的发生动态趋势基本一致,每年从5月上中旬棉蚜即迁入棉田持续为害至棉花收获前,有两个相同的高峰期,分别为6 月上中旬和 7 月中下旬,但不同年份间发生程度存在差异,2017和2018年最高峰值三叶虫量分别为平均8 713.3和1 880.0头/百株,化学农药 10% 吡虫啉可湿性粉剂持效性最好,药后14 d防效达90.22%,两种植物源农药0.3%印楝素乳油和0.5%苦参碱水剂防治效果较好,药后14 d 的防效分别为84.41%和85.06%。【结论】 河西走廊敦煌棉区棉蚜田间年发生动态有两个高峰期,棉蚜药剂防治的最佳时期为7月上旬;植物源农药0.3%印楝素乳油和0.5%苦参碱水剂可用于棉蚜的绿色防控药剂,也可减少化学农药的使用。

关键词: 棉蚜; 发生动态; 植物源农药; 药剂筛选

Abstract: 【Objective】 The study aims to investigate the population dynamics of Aphis gossypii Glover in Hexi Corridor, and to select high-efficiency and low-toxic botanical pesticides to provide a theoretical basis for green control and reduction of use of chemical pesticides.【Method】 In 2018 and 2017, a manual survey method was used for insect investigation in a cotton field in Dunhuang, Gansu Province. Ten different types of pesticides mainly based on botanical pesticides, such as 0.5% veratrine SP, 0.5% matrine AS, 10% imidacloprid WP, and 1.8% avermectin EC, were used to conduct field screening tests for the cotton aphid.【Result】 In 2017 and 2018, the occurrence dynamic trend of the cotton aphid population was consistent. Each year from early-May to mid-May, the Aphis gossypii migrated into cotton fields and continued to cause harm until the cotton harvest. There were two identical occurrence peaks, namely middle of June and mid-to-end of July, but there were differences in the degree of occurrence between the different years. The highest peaks in 2017 and 2018 were 8,713.3 aphids / 100 plants and 1,880.0 aphids /100 plants, respectively. Fourteen days after treatment, the chemical pesticides 10% imidacloprid WP had the best effect, and the control effect was up to 90.22%. The control effects of 0.3% azadirachtin EC and 0.5% matrine AS were better in botanical pesticides. The control effects were 84.41% and 85.06% respectively after 14 days.【Conclusion】 There are two peaks in the annual occurrence of the cotton aphid in the Dunhuang cotton area of Hexi Corridor. The best period for the control of Aphis gossypii is early July. The botanical pesticides 0.3% azadirachtin EC and 0.5% matrine AS can be used as green prevention and control agents for the cotton aphid and can also reduce the frequency of use of chemical pesticides.

Key words: Aphis gossypii; occurrence dynamics; botanical pesticides; Insecticide screening

中图分类号:

胡迪, 张宣, 罗进仓, 南宏宇, 李怡萍. 河西走廊地区棉蚜发生动态及植物源农药药效分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(1): 38-45.

HU Di, ZHANG Xuan, LUO Jin - cang, NAN Hong - yu, LI Yi - ping. Study on Occurrence Dynamics of Aphis gossypii and Botanical Pesticide Control Technology in Hexi Corridor Region[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(1): 38-45.

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河西走廊地区棉蚜发生动态及植物源农药药效分析

Study on Occurrence Dynamics of Aphis gossypii and Botanical Pesticide Control Technology in Hexi Corridor Region

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