和田多胎红羊屠宰性能及6月龄羊肉成分分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.08.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆和田多胎红羊的屠宰性能及羊肉成分,为其开发利用提供参考。【方法】选取6月龄羔羊、12月龄周岁羊、2岁成年羊3个阶段的和田多胎红羊公羊各6只,对其屠宰性能及6月龄羔羊羊肉成分进行测定。【结果】6月羔羊的屠宰率与成年羊之间差异性极显著（P<0.01）,与周岁羊之间差异性显著（P<0.05）;是否将脂尾作为净肉,6月龄羔羊的净肉率和骨肉比都与周岁羊及成年羊之间差异性极显著（P<0.01）;除周岁羊骨肉比外,脂尾对不同年龄阶段和田多胎红羊的净肉率及骨肉比均造成显著性差异（P<0.05）;6月龄和田多胎红羊羊肉水分足、粗脂肪含量（98.00±0.95 g/kg）,氨基酸、矿物质种类丰富,其中磷元素（1 600.00±2.66 mg/kg）、油酸（41.30±1.71 g/kg）、硬脂酸（17.40±1.30 g/kg）,含量水平相对较高。【结论】周岁羊及成年羊的胴体品质要优于6月龄羊,6月龄和田多胎红羊有待加强管理;脂尾对和田多胎红羊的屠宰性能影响较大;6月龄和田多胎红羊羊肉成分较为全面,营养价值较高。

关键词: 和田多胎红羊; 屠宰性能; 羊肉成分; 矿物质; 氨基酸

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to understand the slaughter performance and mutton composition of Hetian multi-fetal red sheep, and to provide reference for its development and utilization. 【Method】 In this experiment, six male Hetian multi-fetal red sheep at three stages of 6-month-old lamb, 12-month-old lamb and 2-year-old adult lamb were selected, and their slaughter performance and mutton composition of 6-month-old lamb were determined. 【Result】 The results showed that：the slaughter rate of 6-month-old lamb was significantly different from that of adult lambs（P<0.01）,and that between the lambs and the aged lambs was significant（P<0.05）;Is fat tail used as clean meat, the net meat rate and bone to meat ratio of 6-month-old lamb were significantly different from those of one year old and adult sheep（P<0.01）;In addition to the bone to meat ratio of one year old sheep,fat tail had significant difference in net meat rate and bone to meat ratio of Hetian multi-fetal red sheep at different ages（P<0.05）;The results showed that the content of moisture and Crude fat in 6-month-old Hetian multi-fetal red sheep was（98.00±0.95 g/kg）,and the contents of amino acids and minerals were rich,including（1,600.00±2.66）mg/kg of phosphorus,（41.30±1.71）g/kg of oleic acid and（17.40±1.30）g/kg of stearic acid. 【Conclusion】 To sum up：the carcass quality of one year old sheep and adult sheep is better than that of 6-month-old sheep, and the management of Hetian multi-fetal red sheep at 6-month-old needs to be strengthened;fat tail has a great impact on slaughter performance of Hetian multi-fetal red sheep;the meat composition of 6-month-old Hetian multi-fetal red sheep is more comprehensive and has higher nutritional value.

Key words: Hetian multi-fetal red sheep; slaughter performance; mutton ingredients; minerals; amino acids

中图分类号:

S826

何宗龙, 侯晨曦, 洪文娟, 姚力丹, 决肯•阿尼瓦什. 和田多胎红羊屠宰性能及6月龄羊肉成分分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(8): 2073-2080.

HE Zonglong, HOU Chenxi, HONG Wenjuan, YAO Lidan, Jueken Aniwashi. Study on Slaughter Performance and Six- Month -Old Mutton Composition of Hetian Multi-fetal Red Sheep[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(8): 2073-2080.

图/表 6

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指标 Index	6月龄羔羊 6 month old lamb	12月龄周岁羊 12 month old sheep	2岁成年羊 2 years old adult sheep
数量 Number/只	6	6	6
活体重 Body mass/kg	31.74±2.74^A	47.55±5.93^B	63.98±5.46^C
胴体重 Carcass weight/kg	15.67±1.80^A	25.08±3.48^B	33.83±2.59^C
净肉重 Net meat weight/kg	9.03±1.27^A	17.75±3.28^B	24.53±2.07^C
脂尾重 Fat tail weight/kg	1.75±0.51^A	2.07±0.42^A	3.10±0.33^B
骨重 Bone weight/kg	4.75±0.16^A	4.97±0.29^A	5.98±0.45^B
屠宰率 Slaughter rate/%	49.76±0.02^Aa	52.68±0.02^ABb	52.91±0.01^Bb
净肉率—不加脂尾 Net meat percentage - fat free tail/%	57.57±0.02^A	70.33±0.05^B	72.50±0.02^B
净肉率—加脂尾 Net meat percentage fat tail/%	68.62±0.02^A	78.60±0.04^B	81.66±0.01^B
骨肉比—不加脂尾 Bone to meat ratio - fat free tail/%	53.18±0.05^A	29.11±0.08^B	24.49±0.02^B
骨肉比—加脂尾 Bone to meat ratio fat tail/%	44.64±0.05^A	25.93±0.06^B	21.73±0.02^B
眼肌面积 Ocular muscle area/cm2	9.80±2.32^A	15.19±1.80^B	24.54±3.34^C

指标 Index	6月龄羔羊 6 month old lamb	12月龄周岁羊 12 month old sheep	2岁成年羊 2 years old adult sheep
数量 Number/只	6	6	6
活体重 Body mass/kg	31.74±2.74^A	47.55±5.93^B	63.98±5.46^C
胴体重 Carcass weight/kg	15.67±1.80^A	25.08±3.48^B	33.83±2.59^C
净肉重 Net meat weight/kg	9.03±1.27^A	17.75±3.28^B	24.53±2.07^C
脂尾重 Fat tail weight/kg	1.75±0.51^A	2.07±0.42^A	3.10±0.33^B
骨重 Bone weight/kg	4.75±0.16^A	4.97±0.29^A	5.98±0.45^B
屠宰率 Slaughter rate/%	49.76±0.02^Aa	52.68±0.02^ABb	52.91±0.01^Bb
净肉率—不加脂尾 Net meat percentage - fat free tail/%	57.57±0.02^A	70.33±0.05^B	72.50±0.02^B
净肉率—加脂尾 Net meat percentage fat tail/%	68.62±0.02^A	78.60±0.04^B	81.66±0.01^B
骨肉比—不加脂尾 Bone to meat ratio - fat free tail/%	53.18±0.05^A	29.11±0.08^B	24.49±0.02^B
骨肉比—加脂尾 Bone to meat ratio fat tail/%	44.64±0.05^A	25.93±0.06^B	21.73±0.02^B
眼肌面积 Ocular muscle area/cm2	9.80±2.32^A	15.19±1.80^B	24.54±3.34^C

指标 Index	净肉率Net meat percentage（%）		骨肉比Bone to meat ratio（%）
指标 Index	加脂尾 Fat tail	不加脂尾 Fat free tail	加脂尾 Fat tail	不加脂尾 Fat free tail
6月龄羔羊 6 month old lamb	68.62±0.02^Aa	57.57±0.02^Bb	44.64±0.05^Aa	53.18±0.05^Ab
12月龄周岁羊 12 month old sheep	78.60±0.04^Aa	70.33±0.05^Bb	25.93±0.06^Aa	29.11±0.08^Aa
2岁成年羊 2 years old adult sheep	81.66±0.01^Aa	72.50±0.02^Bb	21.73±0.02^Aa	24.49±0.02^Ab

指标 Index	净肉率Net meat percentage（%）		骨肉比Bone to meat ratio（%）
指标 Index	加脂尾 Fat tail	不加脂尾 Fat free tail	加脂尾 Fat tail	不加脂尾 Fat free tail
6月龄羔羊 6 month old lamb	68.62±0.02^Aa	57.57±0.02^Bb	44.64±0.05^Aa	53.18±0.05^Ab
12月龄周岁羊 12 month old sheep	78.60±0.04^Aa	70.33±0.05^Bb	25.93±0.06^Aa	29.11±0.08^Aa
2岁成年羊 2 years old adult sheep	81.66±0.01^Aa	72.50±0.02^Bb	21.73±0.02^Aa	24.49±0.02^Ab

指标Index	实测结果Measured results	检测依据Test basis
粗蛋白Crude protein（g/kg）	182.00±0.81	GB/5009.5—2016
粗脂肪Crude fat（g/kg）	98.00±0.95	GB/5009.6—2016
水分Water content（g/kg）	714.00±0.73	GB/5009.3—2016
灰分Ash content（g/kg）	10.00±0.33	GB/5009.4—2016
碳水化合物Carbohydrate（%）	8.42±0.72	《中国食物成分表》第6版标准版