遮荫对橡胶草生理特性的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.11.021

新疆农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (11): 2126-2134.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.11.021

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学·土壤肥料·农产品分析检测 • 上一篇下一篇

遮荫对橡胶草生理特性的影响

阿布都克尤木·阿不都热孜克¹, 高强¹, 徐麟¹, 张学超², 王莉¹, 严青青¹, 张龑¹, 古丽米拉·艾克拜尔³, 聂秋海⁴

1.新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;
2.伊犁哈萨克自治州农业科学研究所,新疆伊宁 835000;
3.新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052;
4.北京玲珑蒲公英科技发展有限公司,北京 100000

收稿日期:2020-05-12 出版日期:2020-11-20 发布日期:2020-10-23
通信作者: 张龑(1981-),男,高级农艺师,硕士,研究方向为种质资源收集与创新,(E-mail)52671248@qq.com
古丽米拉·艾克拜尔(1986-),女,实验师,硕士,研究方向为生态学,(E-mail)dagulimila@163.com
作者简介:阿布都克尤木·阿不都热孜克(1984-),男,新疆泽普人,农艺师,硕士,研究方向为作物生理生态,(E-mail)abdkeyoumu@163.com
基金资助:
科技部国家重点研发计划子课题项目“绿色、水基、高效、低成本蒲公英橡胶制备关键技术和性能研究”(2017YFB0306901);北京玲珑蒲公英科技发展有限公司项目“橡胶草栽培装备技术模式研究与原料基地建设”

Effects of Shading on the Physiological Characteristics of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin

Abudoukeyoumu·Abudourezike¹, GAO Qiang¹, XU Lin¹, ZHANG Xuechao², WANG Li¹, YAN Qingqing¹, ZHANG Yan¹, Gulimila Aikebaier³, NIE Qiuhai⁴

1. Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
2. Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Yining Xinjiang 835000, China;
3. College of Pratacultural and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
4. Beijing Linglong Dandelion Technology & Development Co., Ltd. Beijing 100000, China

Received:2020-05-12 Online:2020-11-20 Published:2020-10-23
Correspondence author: ZHANG Yan (1981-), male, native place; senior agronomist; research field: Collection and Innovation of Germplasm Resources,(E-mail) 52671248@qq.com
Gulimila·Aikebaier (1986-), female, native place; experimenter; research field: ecology, (E-mail) dagulimila@163.com
Supported by:
Supported by the Key R & D Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China “ Study on Key Technology and Properties of Green, Water-Based, High-Efficiency and Low-Cost Dandelion Rubber Preparation” (2017YFB0306901) and the Project of Beijing Linglong Dandelion Technology Development Co., Ltd “ Study on Technical Model of Cultivation Equipment for Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin and Construction of Raw Material Base”

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 研究不同遮荫处理对橡胶草光合性能和物质含量的影响,分析遮荫影响橡胶草的生理机制过程。【方法】 以新疆当地2个橡胶草品系为材料,于2019年在新疆农业科学院安宁渠综合试验场进行大田试验。设不遮荫、轻度遮荫、重度遮荫3个处理。【结果】 与正常光照相比,轻度遮荫促进了橡胶草根系和叶片中柠檬酸、苹果酸、丁二酸、草酸、总黄酮、总酚、绿原酸、咖啡酸等物质的合成,提高了橡胶草的代谢能力,进而增加了橡胶草光合性能和物质含量,最终影响了橡胶草的光合生理特性。重度遮荫造成橡胶草SPAD值、净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)和气孔导度(G_s)迅速降低,但胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)上升,橡胶草叶片和根系中的总酚、总黄酮、有机酸组分、绿原酸和咖啡酸含量均下降。昭苏1-1的相关指标变化幅度较哈引2-6小。【结论】 不同品系橡胶草在不同遮荫环境下的生长适应性不同。尤其在重度遮荫环境下,2种橡胶草光合性能均显著下降,光合产物累积能力及输出能力受阻,最终影响橡胶草生理特性。

关键词: 橡胶草; 遮荫; 叶片; 光合性能; 生理特性

Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effects of different shade treatments on the photosynthetic performance and material content of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin and explore the physiological mechanism of shade affecting the grass.【Method】 The field experiment was carried out in the Anningqu Comprehensive Test Field of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2019. 3 treatments (no shading, mild shading and severe shading) were set.【Result】 Compared with normal light photography, mild shading and weak light affected the distribution of light energy in chloroplast of TKS brasiliensis, promoted the production of light contractual products, increased the photosynthetic performance and material content of TKS brasiliensis, and finally affected the physiological characteristics. The SPAD, (P_n), (T_r) and (G_s) of TKS brasiliensis decreased rapidly, the intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) increased, and the contents of total phenol, total flavonoids, organic acid, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid decreased in leaves and roots of TKS brasiliensis. Zhaosu 1-1 related index change range was smaller than the one (Hayin 2-6) introduced from Kazakhstan.【Conclusion】 The growth adaptability of different strains of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin under different shading environment is different. Especially in severe shading environment, the photosynthetic performance of two kinds of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin decrease significantly, the accumulation and output ability of photosynthetic products are blocked, and finally the physiological characteristics of the grass are affected.

Key words: Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin; shading; leaves; photosynthetic characteristics; physiological characteristics

中图分类号:

S562

阿布都克尤木·阿不都热孜克, 高强, 徐麟, 张学超, 王莉, 严青青, 张龑, 古丽米拉·艾克拜尔, 聂秋海. 遮荫对橡胶草生理特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(11): 2126-2134.

Abudoukeyoumu·Abudourezike, GAO Qiang, XU Lin, ZHANG Xuechao, WANG Li, YAN Qingqing, ZHANG Yan, Gulimila Aikebaier, NIE Qiuhai. Effects of Shading on the Physiological Characteristics of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(11): 2126-2134.

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遮荫对橡胶草生理特性的影响

Effects of Shading on the Physiological Characteristics of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin

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