新疆玉米产区三个玉米螟地理种群发育起点、有效积温测定与比较研究

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.10.012

新疆农业科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (10): 1863-1874.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.10.012

新疆玉米产区三个玉米螟地理种群发育起点、有效积温测定与比较研究

阿依克孜^1，2，丁新华²，付开赟²，吐尔逊·阿合买提²，何江²，朱晓华³，班小莉⁴，古丽夏提³，丁爱琴³，郭文超⁵

1.塔里木大学，新疆阿拉尔 843300；
2.新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，乌鲁木齐 830091；
3.哈密市农业技术推广中心，新疆哈密 839001；
4.伊犁州农业技术推广总站，新疆伊宁 835000；
5.新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所，乌鲁木齐 830091

出版日期:2017-11-06 发布日期:2017-11-06
通信作者: 郭文超(1966-),男,河北人,研究员,博士生导师,研究方向为农业害虫综合防治,(E-mail)gwc1966@163.com
作者简介:阿依克孜(1993-)，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为农业害虫综合防治，(E-mail)1453308558@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目“北方玉米化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(SQ2017ZY060067);新疆维吾尔自治区科技支撑项目“新疆玉米主产区玉米螟绿色防控关键技术研究与示范”(201531103);农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室开放基金“新疆玉米螟主要天敌资源研究及其优势天敌控害效益评价”(KFJJ20170103)

Comparison of Biological Characteristics of 3 Geographical Populations and Developmental Stages of Ostrinia furnacalis

Aykiz^1,2, DING Xin-hua², FU Kai-yun², Tursun Ahmat², HE Jiang², ZHU Xiao-hua³, BAN Xiao-li⁴, Gulixiati³, DING Ai-qin³, GUO Wen-chao⁵

1.Tarim University, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China;
2. Research Institute of Plant Protection / Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Crops in China North-western Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
3. Hami Agricultural Techniques Extension Center, Hami Xinjiang 839001, China;
4. Agricultural Technology Extension Master Station of Ili Prefecture, Yining Xinjiang 835000, China;
5. Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Online:2017-11-06 Published:2017-11-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究新疆荒漠绿洲生态区主要玉米螟地理种群室内生物学特性的变异情况，为准确预测预报玉米螟的发生提供参考。【方法】通过采用直接最优法系统比较乌鲁木齐、伊犁伊宁、喀什疏勒三个地理种群各虫态的历期、发育起点温度和有效积温。【结果】温度对不同地理种群各虫态的卵孵化率、存活率和发育历期有显著影响。25~28℃为三个地理种群玉米螟生长发育的最适温度范围。不同地理种群各虫态的发育历期随温度升高而缩短，发育速率随温度升高而加快，呈显著相关。20℃时完成整个世代历期最长，平均69.57 d，31℃时发育历期最短，仅为29.9 d。并用直线回归法，得出不同地理种群各虫态的发育起点温度和有效积温分别为，乌鲁木齐卵期14.35℃，54.52日·度、幼虫期9.93℃，353.25日·度、蛹期12.58℃，81.95日·度、成虫产卵前期16.27℃，37.52日·度、全世代11.92℃，504.52日·度。伊犁伊宁卵期14.36℃，52.57日·度、幼虫期9.01℃，346.15日·度、蛹期12.06℃，107.16日·度、成虫产卵前期16.61℃，36.72日·度、全世代11.32℃，533.41日·度，喀什疏勒卵期14.42℃，50.32日·度、幼虫期8.99℃，344.97日·度，蛹期11.91℃，105.88日·度，成虫产卵前期16.38℃，37.95日·度、全世代11.92℃，506.20日·度。结合伊犁伊宁县气象资料，推测得出2015、2016年玉米螟在伊犁伊宁县可以发生的理论代数为分别为2.99和3.13代。【结论】温度对玉米螟各虫态的发育历期有显著影响，随着温度的升高，各虫态(龄)的发育历期逐渐缩短，发育速率加快，25~28℃为最适宜温度，而超过有效温度范围，其生长发育速率均受抑制。在同一温度下，不同地理种群的平均历期不同，各虫态的发育历期不同，随着纬度的升高，发育历期逐渐缩短，发育起点温度逐渐降低。根据田间玉米螟种群消长动态，结合气象资料分析，新疆伊犁河谷地区玉米螟虽以2代为主，但已出现第3代，随气候变化，玉米螟发生由一年2代逐步变为3代的趋势。

关键词: 玉米螟; 发育起点; 有效积温; 地理变异

Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to provide a reference for the accurate prediction of the occurrence of the corn borer, the variation of the indoor biological characteristics of the main corn borer populations in the desert oasis ecological region of Xinjiang was determined.【Method】By using the direct optimal method, the seasonal, developmental threshold temperature (LDT) and effective accumulated temperature (SET) of three geographical populations of Urumqi, Yili, Yining, Kashi and Shule were compared systematically.【Result】Temperature had significant effects on the egg hatching rate, survival rate and developmental duration of different geographic populations. 25~28 temperature was the optimum temperature range for the growth and development of corn borer in three geographical populations. The developmental duration of each insect population in different geographic populations was shortened with the increase of temperature, and the development rate was accelerated with the increase of temperature, displaying significant correlation. At 20 ℃, the whole generation had the longest duration, with an. average of 69.57 d, and at 31℃ the developmental duration was the shortest, only 29.9 d. Using linear regression method, the developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature of different insect populations were obtained. They were: in Urumqi the egg stage was 14.35℃, 54.52 d·℃, the larval stage was 9.93℃, 353.25 d·℃, pupal period was 12.58℃, 81.95 d·℃, prophase of adult egg laying stage was 16.27℃, 37.52 d·℃, and the whole generation was 11.92℃, 504.52 d·℃; In Yili Yining. The egg stage was 14.36℃, 52.57 d·℃, the larvae stage was 9.01℃, 346.15 d·℃, pupal period was 12.06℃, 107.16 d·℃, prophase of adult egg laying stage was 16.61℃, 36.72 d·℃, and the whole generation was 11.32℃, 533.41 d·℃; In Kashi, Shule the egg stage was 14.42℃, 50.32 d·℃, the larvae stage was 8.99℃, 344.97 d·℃, pupal period was 11.91℃, 105.88 d·℃, the prophase of adult egg laying stage was 16.38℃, 37.95 d·℃, and the whole generation was 11.92℃, 506.20 d·℃. Combined with the meteorological data of Yili County of Yining, It can be inferred that the theoretical algebra of 2015-2016 years corn borer in Yili County of Yining can be divided into 2.99 generations and 3.13 generations respectively.【Conclusion】The temperature has a significant influence on the developmental stages of each insect state of Pyrausta nubilalis. With the increase of temperature, the developmental stages of each instar are gradually shortened, and the rate of development is accelerated. The optimum temperature is between 25℃ and 28℃. The growth rate was inhibited over the effective temperature range. At the same temperature, the average duration of different geographical populations is different, and the developmental stages of each insect state are different. With the increase of latitude, the developmental period gradually shortened, and the developmental threshold temperature decreased gradually. According to the dynamics of corn borer population in the field, combined with meteorological data analysis, The corn borer in the Yili valley area of Xinjiang is dominated by the second generation, but there have been third generations. With the change of climate, the occurrence of corn borer gradually changed from the second generations to the third generations.

Key words: Ostrinia furnacalis; development threshold; effective accumulated temperature; geographical variation

中图分类号:

S435.112.6

阿依克孜, 丁新华, 付开赟, 吐尔逊·阿合买提, 何江, 朱晓华, 班小莉, 古丽夏提, 丁爱琴, 郭文超. 新疆玉米产区三个玉米螟地理种群发育起点、有效积温测定与比较研究[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(10): 1863-1874.

Aykiz, DING Xin-hua, FU Kai-yun, Tursun Ahmat, HE Jiang, ZHU Xiao-hua, BAN Xiao-li, Gulixiati, DING Ai-qin, GUO Wen-chao. Comparison of Biological Characteristics of 3 Geographical Populations and Developmental Stages of Ostrinia furnacalis[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(10): 1863-1874.

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新疆玉米产区三个玉米螟地理种群发育起点、有效积温测定与比较研究

Comparison of Biological Characteristics of 3 Geographical Populations and Developmental Stages of Ostrinia furnacalis

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[1]	刘海军, 张昊, 王一帆, 陈茂光, 吴凤全, 林涛, 汤秋香. 不同覆盖材料和灌溉量对机采棉产量形成及有效积温生产效率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2091-2100.
[2]	蓝陈仪航, 姚禹博, 周俊祥, 付开赟, 丁新华, 尹晓辉, 刘文, 王娜, 郭文超, 邓建宇. 亚洲玉米螟性信息素鉴定及其应用研究进展[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1614-1622.
[3]	袁洁, 丁新华, 贾尊尊, 付开赟, 吐尔逊·阿合买提, 郭文超. 氮素含量对亚洲玉米螟个体发育及种群增殖的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(6): 1458-1465.
[4]	丁新华, 王志慧, 贾尊尊, 付开赟, 吐尔逊·阿合买提, 杨杰, 郭文超. 新疆主栽玉米品种不同生育期抗螟性鉴定及评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1180-1188.
[5]	袁洁, 丁新华, 付开赟, 贾尊尊, 阿尔孜姑丽·肉孜, 吐尔逊·阿合买提, 郭文超. 氮素含量对亚洲玉米螟取食及选择性影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1196-1202.
[6]	丁新华, 王小武, 付开赟, 贾尊尊, 吐尔逊・阿合买提, 郭文超. 温度、相对湿度对亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)越冬幼虫化蛹及羽化的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(11): 2668-2674.
[7]	库尔班妮萨·奥布力喀斯木, 王俊, 王志慧, 丁新华, 贾尊尊, 付开赟, 阿尔孜姑丽·肉孜, 吐尔逊·阿合买提, 何江, 冯宏祖, 郭文超. 新疆玉米产区47个主栽玉米品种抗虫性评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(7): 1197-1206.
[8]	支昊宇, 王智慧, 王兴仔, 丁新华, 贾尊尊, 郭文超, 姜卫华. 亚洲玉米螟的抗药性监测及双酰胺类药剂抗性靶标分子检测[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(4): 690-699.
[9]	王小武, 丁新华, 付开赟, 刘芳慧, 张惠菊, 吐尔逊, 郭文超. 作物布局对玉米螟种群发生与危害的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(7): 1330-1337.
[10]	王志慧, 丁新华, 贾尊尊, 付开赟, 吐尔逊·阿合买提, 何江, 郭文超. 基于增效剂与杀虫剂协同作用的玉米螟超低量喷雾防治技术[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(2): 311-318.
[11]	尹鹏,丁新华,付开赟,吐尔逊·阿合买提,何江,郭文超. 玉米螟优势捕食性天敌控害效益评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(4): 712-718.
[12]	解玉梅;刘芳慧;丁新华;李翠梅;付开赟;何江;吐尔逊·阿合买提;阿卜杜热伊木·阿卜杜热西提;李鹏发;许建军;郭文超. 秸秆储放方式对越冬代玉米螟幼虫化蛹及羽化的影响[J]. , 2017, 54(3): 505-512.
[13]	丁新华;王娜;王小武;付开赟;吐尔逊·阿合买提;何江;杨健;付文君;郭文超. 小型无人机超低量喷雾防治玉米螟田间药效评价[J]. , 2017, 54(3): 479-488.
[14]	王乐;吴杨焕;李杰;杨平;柴顺喜;陈锐;马富裕. 棉花株高变化动态分析及模型研究[J]. , 2017, 54(3): 393-402.
[15]	丁新华;刘芳慧;解玉梅;李翠梅;何江;付开贇;吐尔逊;阿不都热合曼·胡吉;阿卜杜热伊木·阿卜杜热西提. 新疆荒漠绿洲生态区玉米螟田间药效研究及经济效益评价[J]. , 2016, 53(4): 663-672.