作物布局对玉米螟种群发生与危害的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.07.018

新疆农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (7): 1330-1337.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.07.018

作物布局对玉米螟种群发生与危害的影响

王小武^1,2, 丁新华², 付开赟², 刘芳慧³, 张惠菊⁴, 吐尔逊², 郭文超^1,2

1.新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091;
2.新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;
3.伊吾县农业农村局,农产品质量检测中心,新疆哈密 839300;
4.乌鲁木齐海关,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2019-11-22 出版日期:2020-07-20 发布日期:2020-06-22
通信作者: 郭文超(1966-),男,河北人,研究员,博士,硕/博士生导师,研究方向为农业害虫与昆虫防治,(E- mail) gwc1966@ 163. com 丁新华(1984-),男,河南人,副研究员,研究方向为农业害虫综合防治,(E-mail)dingxinhua1984@163.com
作者简介:王小武(1990-),男,宁夏中卫人,助理研究员,研究方向为农业害虫与昆虫防治,(E - mail)wxw303528@163. com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“北方玉米化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2017YFD0201800);国家自然科学基金“新疆同域亚洲玉米螟和欧洲玉米螟种间竞争取代的种群分化与环境驱动机制”(31960538)

Effects of Crop Distribution on Occurrence and Damage of Ostrinia furnacalis Population

WANG Xiaowu^1,2, DING Xinhua², FU Kaiyun², LIU Fanghui³, ZHANG Huiju⁴, Tursun², GUO Wenchao^1,2

1. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
2. Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
3. Agricultural Product Quality Testing Center, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Yiwu County, Yiwu, Hami Xinjiang 839300, China;
4. Urumqi Customs, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2019-11-22 Online:2020-07-20 Published:2020-06-22
Correspondence author: GUO Wenchao(1966- ),male, born in Hebei, Researcher, Doctoral tutor, Research direction: Comprehensive control of agricultural pest, ( E-mail)gwc1966@163.com ; DING Xinhua(1984-), male, born in Henan, Associate researcher, Research direction: Comprehensive control of agricultural pest, ( E-mail)dingxinhua1984@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 研究玉米螟发生与作物布局间的关系,为玉米螟的生态防控提供理论依据。【方法】 在新疆喀什地区疏勒县玉米螟典型发生区,用诱蛾量、落卵量、幼虫量、蛹量以及玉米蛀秆率、玉米茎秆和果穗蛀孔数、活虫数等指标,依次评估玉米+棉花(Tr1)、玉米+甜瓜(Tr2)、玉米+小麦(Tr3)邻作模式下玉米螟种群动态与危害。【结果】 不同邻作模式下诱捕器诱蛾量、落卵量、幼虫量、蛹量有一定的差异(P < 0.005);其中,Tr1邻作田诱蛾量(越冬代、1代和2代)、落卵量、幼虫量和蛹量显著高于Tr2和Tr3邻作田(P < 0.005),Tr2邻作田的诱蛾量、落卵量、幼虫量和蛹量高于Tr3邻作田但差异不显著(P > 0.005);不同邻作模式下玉米螟发生与危害有一定的差异(P < 0.005);Tr1、Tr2、Tr3 3种不同邻作模式下玉米螟蛀秆率均值为18.03%且差异显著(P < 0.005),总蛀孔数、总活虫数由大到小排序依次为Tr1>Tr3>Tr2、Tr1>Tr2>Tr3。【结论】 玉米螟越冬代成虫羽化后更偏好于向玉米+棉花(Tr1)邻作田迁移且1 代和2代成虫以及棉花周围有种植玉米的田,通过作物布局和合理的药剂防治调控玉米螟种群发生与危害。

关键词: 玉米螟; 作物布局; 发生规律; 危害

Abstract: 【Objective】 Ostrinia furnacalis is the main pest on corn. The relationship between Ostrinia furnacalis occurrence and crop distribution was studied in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for ecological prevention and control of the pest.【Methods】 In the typical occurrence area of Ostrinia furnacalis in Shule County, the effect of crop distribution experiment was conducted in which the amount of moth, eggs dropping amount, larvae, alfalfa and the index of decay rate of stem, the number of holes on stalks and cluster and living insects were used to evaluate the population dynamics and damage of Ostrinia furnacalis under maize+cotton (Tr1), maize+melon (Tr2) and maize+wheat (Tr3) intercrop patterns.【Results】In terms of population dynamics, there were some differences in the amount of trapped moths, dropped eggs, larvae and alfalfa under different crop distribution (P < 0.005). The amount of moth (overwintering, 1st and 2nd generations), eggs, larvae and alfalfa of Tr1 adjacent field were significantly higher than those of Tr2 and Tr3 (P < 0.005); Moreover, the amount of dropped moths, dropped eggs, larvae and alfalfa in the Tr2 adjacent field were higher than those in the Tr3, while the difference was not significant (P > 0.005); In terms of hazard: There were some differences in the occurrence and damage of Ostrinia furnacalis (P < 0.005) under different crop distribution; In addition, the average rate of corn stalk rate was 18.03% and the difference was significant (P < 0.005), and the total number of holes and living insects from large to small was Tr1>Tr3>Tr2 and Tr1>Tr2>Tr3. 【Conclusion】 After emergence of overwinting adults of the Ostrinia furnacalis, they preferred to migrate to the Tr1 neighboring field and the 1st and 2nd generation adults preferred the field of corn planting around the cotton. Above all, occurrence and damage of the Ostrinia furnacalis could be regulated by crop distribution and rational chemical control.

Key words: Ostrinia furnacalis; crop distribution; occurrence; damage

中图分类号:

S512

王小武, 丁新华, 付开赟, 刘芳慧, 张惠菊, 吐尔逊, 郭文超. 作物布局对玉米螟种群发生与危害的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(7): 1330-1337.

WANG Xiaowu, DING Xinhua, FU Kaiyun, LIU Fanghui, ZHANG Huiju, Tursun, GUO Wenchao. Effects of Crop Distribution on Occurrence and Damage of Ostrinia furnacalis Population[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(7): 1330-1337.

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作物布局对玉米螟种群发生与危害的影响

Effects of Crop Distribution on Occurrence and Damage of Ostrinia furnacalis Population

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