不同酸性有机肥浸提液对棉花生长及土壤性质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.10.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】将有机肥用无机酸进行浸提，研究有机肥浸提液结合新疆滴灌技术，对土壤性质和棉花生长的影响。【方法】使用pH为1，3，7(清水)的磷酸和硝酸将有机肥浸提，浸提时间为2 d，施用于盆栽棉花。【结果】(1)硝酸和磷酸有机肥浸提液均降低了土壤pH，且相同pH的磷酸和磷酸有机肥浸提液处理的均降幅大于硝酸和硝酸有机肥浸提液处理。(2)pH为1和3的磷酸有机肥浸提液施肥处理的有机质，全氮，速效磷，速效钾均高于对应pH的硝酸有机肥浸提液处理;施用酸性有机肥浸提液土壤养分含量高于单施对应pH酸溶液的处理。(3)硝酸和硝酸浸提液提高了棉花株高和茎粗，但磷酸浸提液处理干物质积累高于硝酸浸提液处理。【结论】施用硝酸和磷酸浸提有机肥浸提液能提高土壤养分含量，促进棉花生长。pH 1的磷酸有机肥浸提液施肥效果最佳。

关键词: 棉花; 有机肥; 酸性浸提液; 土壤性质; 滴灌

Abstract: 【Objective】 Organic fertilizer has the effect of improving soil properties and improving soil fertility, but it was inconvenient for large-scale fertilization. Xinjiang drip irrigation technology has been perfected, but the proportion of organic fertilizer application was rather lower. In this study, organic fertilizer will be extracted with inorganic acid, organic fertilizer extract combined with drip irrigation in Xinjiang to explore its effect on soil properties and cotton growth. 【Method】The organic fertilizer was extracted with phosphoric acid and nitric acid with pH 1, 3 and 7 (water), and the extraction time was 2 days, and then they were applied to the potted cotton.【Result】The results showed that: (1) Both the nitric acid and its extracts of organic fertilizer reduced the pH of the soil, and the same pH of phosphoric acid and phosphoric acid organic fertilizer extract treatments were greater than nitric acid and nitric acid organic fertilizer extract treatments. (2) The soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the phosphate organic fertilizer extract treatments whose pH was 1 and 3 were higher than that of the same pH treatments of nitric acid organic fertilizer extract. The soil nutrient in the treatments of the application of acidic organic fertilizer extract was higher than that of the application of the same pH of acid. (3) Nitric acid and nitric acid leach extract treatments increased the plant height and plant dry matter of cotton, but the dry matter accumulation of phosphate extract treatment was higher than that of nitrate extract treatment.【Conclusion】In conclusion, the application of nitric acid and phosphoric acid organic fertilizer extract improved soil nutrients content and promoted the growth of cotton. pH 1 phosphate fertilizer extract had the best effects.

Key words: cotton; organic fertilizer; acid extract; soil properties; drip irrigation

中图分类号:

罗彤, 李俊华, 华瑞, 谢广, 杨伟伟, 陈悦. 不同酸性有机肥浸提液对棉花生长及土壤性质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(10): 1839-1846.

LUO Tong, LI Jun-hua, HUA Rui, XIE Guang, YANG Wei-wei, CHEN Yue. Effects of Different Acidic Extracts of Organic Fertilizers on Cotton Growth and Soil Properties[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(10): 1839-1846.

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