Analysis the suitable lower limit of soil moisture for spring oil sunflower irrigated with drip irrigation under membrane in northern Xinjiang

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.06.006

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Analysis the suitable lower limit of soil moisture during the main growth stage of spring oil sunflower irrigated with drip irrigation in northern Xinjiang. 【Methods】 With oil sunflower (Aidatou 858) as test material, using orthogonal design, the same upper limit of soil moisture field capacity(FC) and three lower limits of soil moisture (55%FC, 65%FC and 75%FC, ) were set in the stage of elongation, budding and blossoming, and with local farmers irrigation as control. The effect of different treatments on plant height, leaf area index (LAI), yield and quality of spring oil sunflower was studied. Then the best treatment was chosen based on the entropy weighted -TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation method. 【Results】 The results showed that the plant height and leaf area index of 55% FC were 10.77%, 4.80%, 0.61% and 46.17%, 20.56%, 17.21% lower than those of 75% FC at jointing stage, squaring stage and flowering stage, respectively. The increase of soil moisture lower limit in each growth period was beneficial to promote the increase of plant height and leaf area index of oil sunflower. The yield (5189.33 kg/hm²) and water use efficiency (1.31 kg/hm³) of T₃ treatment were the highest, which were 6.85%-39.75% and 18.88%-47.19% higher than those of other treatments, respectively. The fat content (49.67 g/100g) and protein content (4.84 g/100g) of T₄ treatment were the highest, which were 1.28%-11.17% and 4.61%-27.62% higher than other treatments, respectively. The comprehensive index evaluation based on entropy weight-TOPSIS showed that T₃ treatment was the best. 【Conclusion】 The lower limits of soil moisture suitable for drip-irrigated spring oil sunflower in northern Xinjiang at jointing stage, squaring stage and flowering stage are 55%FC, 75%FC and 75%FC, respectively.

Key words: oil sunflower; lower soil moisture limit; yield; quality; integrated evaluation

摘要：

【目的】分析新疆北疆膜下滴灌春油葵主要生育期适宜的土壤水分下限。【方法】以矮大头858为试材,采用正交试验设计,在油葵拔节期、现蕾期、开花期以田间持水量(FC)为上限并设置3个土壤水分下限(55%FC、65%FC和75%FC),共9个(T₁~T₉)处理,并以当地常规灌溉为对照,研究不同处理对春油葵株高、叶面积指数、产量及品质的影响,并基于熵权-TOPSIS综合指标评价方法优选出最佳处理。【结果】拔节期、现蕾期和开花期土壤水分下限为55%FC相较于75%FC株高和叶面积指数分别降低10.77%、4.80%、0.61%和46.17%、20.56%、17.21%,各生育期土壤水分下限提高均有利于促进油葵株高和叶面积指数增加;T₃处理产量(5 189.33 kg/hm²)和水分利用效率(1.31 kg/hm³)最高,较其他处理分别提高了6.85%~39.75%、18.88%~47.19%;T₄处理脂肪含量(49.67 g/100g)和蛋白质含量(4.84 g/100g)最高,较其他处理分别提高了1.28%~11.17%、4.61%~27.62%。基于熵权-TOPSIS的综合指标评价T₃处理最优。【结论】与试验条件相近的新疆北疆滴灌春油葵在拔节期、现蕾期、开花期适宜的土壤水分下限分别为55%FC、75%FC、75%FC。

关键词: 春油葵, 土壤水分下限, 产量, 品质, 综合评价

CLC Number:

S275.6

JING Yanqiang, HONG Ming, YU Qiuyue, HENG Tong, XIAO Jian, ZHANG Xinle. Analysis the suitable lower limit of soil moisture for spring oil sunflower irrigated with drip irrigation under membrane in northern Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(6): 1344-1353.

景彦强, 洪明, 于秋月, 衡通, 肖键, 张新乐. 新疆北疆膜下滴灌春油葵适宜土壤水分的下限分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(6): 1344-1353.

Figures/Tables 6

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处理 Treat- ments	生育期 Child-bearing period
处理 Treat- ments	拔节期 Jointing period	现蕾期 Squaring period	开花期 Flowering period
T₁	44.93±0.81^d	105.97±4.47^d	115.19±0.37^g
T₂	45.33±0.83^d	107.37±6.64^cd	118.60±0.85^f
T₃	45.63±0.61^d	108.36±2.26^bcd	122.07±0.25^e
T₄	47.67±0.90^c	108.23±6.38^bcd	119.57±0.64^f
T₅	48.20±0.53^cb	109.97±3.75^abcd	123.57±0.42^d
T₆	49.20±0.66^b	113.87±3.76^abcd	124.17±0.25^cd
T₇	50.73±0.60^a	109.80±3.52^abcd	123.27±0.51^d
T₈	50.97±0.35^a	115.13±2.15^abc	125.03±0.49^c
T₉	51.27±0.42^a	118.13±2.08^a	132.90±0.70^a
CK	49.13±0.23^b	117.03±7.37^ab	130.73±1.08^b

处理 Treat- ments	生育期 Child-bearing period
处理 Treat- ments	拔节期 Jointing period	现蕾期 Squaring period	开花期 Flowering period
T₁	44.93±0.81^d	105.97±4.47^d	115.19±0.37^g
T₂	45.33±0.83^d	107.37±6.64^cd	118.60±0.85^f
T₃	45.63±0.61^d	108.36±2.26^bcd	122.07±0.25^e
T₄	47.67±0.90^c	108.23±6.38^bcd	119.57±0.64^f
T₅	48.20±0.53^cb	109.97±3.75^abcd	123.57±0.42^d
T₆	49.20±0.66^b	113.87±3.76^abcd	124.17±0.25^cd
T₇	50.73±0.60^a	109.80±3.52^abcd	123.27±0.51^d
T₈	50.97±0.35^a	115.13±2.15^abc	125.03±0.49^c
T₉	51.27±0.42^a	118.13±2.08^a	132.90±0.70^a
CK	49.13±0.23^b	117.03±7.37^ab	130.73±1.08^b

处理 Treat- ments	生育期 Child-bearing period
处理 Treat- ments	拔节期 Jointing period	现蕾期 Squaring period	拔节期 Jointing period
T₁	1.13±0.06^c	3.10±0.20^g	3.69±0.04^g
T₂	1.23±0.15^c	3.63±0.31^f	4.68±0.14^f
T₃	1.23±0.12^c	4.13±0.15^e	5.79±0.16^e
T₄	1.50±0.1^b	4.53±0.06^d	5.82±0.07^e
T₅	1.60±0.1^b	5.07±0.15^c	7.23±0.15^b
T₆	1.57±0.12^b	5.37±0.06^bc	6.45±0.11^d
T₇	2.30±0.3^a	5.23±0.15^c	7.30±0.10^b
T₈	2.13±0.06^a	5.63±0.29^b	6.67±0.02^c
T₉	2.27±0.15^a	6.70±0.17^a	8.68±0.13^a
CK	1.56±0.06^b	5.33±0.32^bc	7.17±0.15^b

处理 Treat- ments	生育期 Child-bearing period
处理 Treat- ments	拔节期 Jointing period	现蕾期 Squaring period	拔节期 Jointing period
T₁	1.13±0.06^c	3.10±0.20^g	3.69±0.04^g
T₂	1.23±0.15^c	3.63±0.31^f	4.68±0.14^f
T₃	1.23±0.12^c	4.13±0.15^e	5.79±0.16^e
T₄	1.50±0.1^b	4.53±0.06^d	5.82±0.07^e
T₅	1.60±0.1^b	5.07±0.15^c	7.23±0.15^b
T₆	1.57±0.12^b	5.37±0.06^bc	6.45±0.11^d
T₇	2.30±0.3^a	5.23±0.15^c	7.30±0.10^b
T₈	2.13±0.06^a	5.63±0.29^b	6.67±0.02^c
T₉	2.27±0.15^a	6.70±0.17^a	8.68±0.13^a
CK	1.56±0.06^b	5.33±0.32^bc	7.17±0.15^b

处理 Treatments	盘粒重 Disc grain weight (g)	百粒重 100-seed weight (g)	结实率 Seed set propagation coefficient(%)	产量 Output (kg/hm²)	水分利用效率 Water use efficiency (kg/m³)
T₁	90.03±1.66^g	5.93±0.21^f	94.49±0.49^c	3 126.33±6.11^h	0.69
T₂	102.13±0.81^d	6.53±0.15^cd	95.93±0.51^ab	4 063.00±35.34^e	0.91
T₃	131.33±2.04^a	8.47±0.29^a	96.96±0.61^a	5 189.33±18.72^a	1.31
T₄	93.80±0.61^f	6.13±0.38^de	95.41±0.17^bc	3 771.33±26.27^g	0.81
T₅	119.90±1.01^b	7.77±0.06^b	96.60±0.40^ab	4 834.00±41.57^b	1.12
T₆	100.13±1.23^e	6.53±0.29^cd	93.30±0.17^d	4 003.00±7.00^ef	0.90
T₇	95.63±0.45^f	6.17±0.21^de	95.58±0.47^bc	3939.33±112.17^f	0.90
T₈	94.33±0.91^f	6.07±0.12^de	95.48±0.14^bc	3990.67±10.26^ef	0.86
T₉	101.20±0.6^de	6.53±0.47^cd	95.91±0.50^ab	4453.67±122.74^d	1.02
CK	106.30±0.20^c	6.90±0.53^c	96.19±0.50^ab	4730.17±8.13^c	1.06