Evaluation of the growth potential of young trees of Qingzhen 1 and different combinations of varieties

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.05.016

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To observe the performance of growth potential of Qingzhen 1 and different varieties of scion combinations in Aksu area, and screen out suitable rootstock combinations for growth in Aksu area.【Methods】 Statistics on plant height, rootstock cross-sectional area, scion cross-sectional area, short branch rate, medium branch rate, long branch rate, total branch volume, number of flower buds, and flowering plant rate of Qingzhen 1 and nine different varieties of scion combinations were conducted for three consecutive years from 2018 to 2020.【Results】 The plant heights of Miyazaki and Honey Crisp were the lowest in 2018-2019, 114.67cm and 129.33cm in 2018, respectively, and in 2019 for Miyazaki 140.00cm, which was significantly lower than those of the other rootstock combinations, and Honey Crisp 144.67cm. in 2020, the lowest plant height was recorded for the combination of Short Branch 2001/ Qingzhen 1 at 213.33cm, the smallest rootstock cross-sectional area in 2018-2019 was the Honey Crisp/ Qingzhen 1 combination with 188.51 and 336.21mm², respectively, and in 2020 the rootstock cross-sectional area reached 1794.37mm², the coefficient of variation increased from 6.71% to 16.78% and then to 38.56%, and the neatness kept deteriorating. The smallest rootstock cross-sectional area in 2020 was the Miyazaki /Qingzhen1 combination with 1072.36mm², but the coefficient of variation was 42.14%, and the neatness was the worst among all the combinations. The smallest cross-sectional area of scion in 2018-2019 was Honey Crisp/ Qingzhen 1 with 172.89 and 325.95mm² respectively, and a larger percentage of branch composition from 2018-2020 was the long branch type. 2020 was dominated by Yanfu 7/ Qingzhen 1, Yanfu 8/ Qingzhen 1, Ruiyang/ Qingzhen 1, and Honey Crisp/ Qingzhen 1 combinations had a bud the number of flower buds over 35. 【Conclusion】 In the comprehensive evaluation of eight growth potential indexes of nine varieties and Qingzhen 1, the rankings are Ruiyang/Qingzhen 1>Miyazaki/Qingzhen 1>Mingyue/Qingzhen 1>Yanfu 7/ Qingzhen 1>Yanfu 8/Qingzhen 1>Jin 18/ Qingzhen 1>Short Branch 2001/ Qingzhen 1>Honey Crisp/ Qingzhen 1>Lifu/ Qingzhen 1.

Key words: apple; rootstock combination; Qingzhen 1; growth potential; evaluation

摘要：

【目的】研究青砧1号与不同品种接穗组合在新疆阿克苏地区的生长势的表现,筛选出适宜阿克苏地区生长的砧穗组合。【方法】2018~2020年连续3年的统计青砧1号与9种不同品种组合的株高、砧木横截面积、接穗横截面积、短枝率、中枝率、长枝率、总枝量、花芽数和开花株率的变化。【结果】2018~2019年宫崎、蜜脆的株高均是最低的(2018年,114.67和129.33 cm),2019年为宫崎140.00 cm,显著低于其他砧穗组合,蜜脆144.67 cm。2020年短枝2001/青砧1号组合的株高最低,为213.33 cm,2018~2019年砧木横截面积最小的是蜜脆/青砧1号组合,分别是188.51和336.21 mm²,2020年砧木横截面积达到1 794.37 mm²,变异系数从6.71%增加到16.78%,再增加到38.56%,整齐度不断变差。2020年砧木横截面积最小的是宫崎/青砧1号组合,1 072.36 mm²,但是变异系数是42.14%,整齐度在所有组合中最差。接穗的横截面积中,2018~2019年最小的是蜜脆/青砧1号,分别是172.89和325.95 mm²,从2018~2020年的枝类组成中,占比较大的是长枝类型。2020年以烟富7/青砧1号、烟富8/青砧1号、瑞阳/青砧1号、蜜脆/青砧1号的组合的花芽数超过了35个。【结论】9个品种与青砧1号的8个生长势指标的综合评价的排名为瑞阳/青砧1号>宫崎/青砧1号>明月/青砧1号>烟富7/青砧1号>烟富8/青砧1号>晋18/青砧1号>短枝2001/青砧1号>蜜脆/青砧1号>礼富/青砧1号。

关键词: 苹果, 砧穗组合, 青砧1号, 生长势, 评价

CLC Number:

S661.1

FENG Beibei, MEI Chuang, Aishajiang Buymati, ZHAO Yue, YAN Peng, WANG Jixun. Evaluation of the growth potential of young trees of Qingzhen 1 and different combinations of varieties[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(5): 1191-1198.

冯贝贝, 梅闯, 艾沙江·买买提, 赵月, 闫鹏, 王继勋. 青砧1号与不同品种组合幼树生长势的评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(5): 1191-1198.

Figures/Tables 6

References 24

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项目 Items	A₁	A₂	A₃	A₄	A₅	A₆	A₇	A₈	A₉
株高 Tree height(cm)	151.00^bc	145.00^bc	114.67^d	148.67^bc	179.67^a	158.33^b	155.33^b	131.67^cd	129.33^cd
CV(%)	5.77	9.12	6.31	4.77	8.35	9.20	3.72	9.56	12.81
砧木横截面积 Cross-sectional area of rootstock (mm²)	337.68^cd	424.70^bc	230.28^de	465.38^b	631.69^a	374.90^bc	383.84^bc	246.41^de	188.51^e
CV(%)	10.50	26.69	9.53	16.36	9.89	15.74	11.45	22.97	6.71
接穗横截面积 Cross-sectional area of scion (mm²)	278.56^cde	361.03^bc	206.43^ef	448.94^b	569.06^a	333.88^c	320.16^cd	226.12^def	172.89^f
CV(%)	7.59	24.33	6.49	19.17	9.57	13.49	12.01	21.66	16.71
接穗/砧木 Scion/ Rootstock	0.91	0.92	0.95	0.99	0.95	0.94	0.91	0.96	0.96

项目 Items	A₁	A₂	A₃	A₄	A₅	A₆	A₇	A₈	A₉
株高 Tree height(cm)	151.00^bc	145.00^bc	114.67^d	148.67^bc	179.67^a	158.33^b	155.33^b	131.67^cd	129.33^cd
CV(%)	5.77	9.12	6.31	4.77	8.35	9.20	3.72	9.56	12.81
砧木横截面积 Cross-sectional area of rootstock (mm²)	337.68^cd	424.70^bc	230.28^de	465.38^b	631.69^a	374.90^bc	383.84^bc	246.41^de	188.51^e
CV(%)	10.50	26.69	9.53	16.36	9.89	15.74	11.45	22.97	6.71
接穗横截面积 Cross-sectional area of scion (mm²)	278.56^cde	361.03^bc	206.43^ef	448.94^b	569.06^a	333.88^c	320.16^cd	226.12^def	172.89^f
CV(%)	7.59	24.33	6.49	19.17	9.57	13.49	12.01	21.66	16.71
接穗/砧木 Scion/ Rootstock	0.91	0.92	0.95	0.99	0.95	0.94	0.91	0.96	0.96

项目 Items	A₁	A₂	A₃	A₄	A₅	A₆	A₇	A₈	A₉
株高 Tree height(cm)	180.33^abc	164.67^bcd	140.00^d	183.33^ab	200.00^ab	177.67^abc	197.33^ab	209.33^a	144.67^cd
CV(%)	13.08	8.09	10.00	3.33	17.50	12.13	3.80	13.18	5.23
砧木横截面积 Cross-sectional area of rootstock (mm²)	760.82^abc	914.72^a	431.64^bc	902.23^a	839.26^ab	431.38^bc	742.47^abc	733.48^abc	336.21^c
CV(%)	24.82	21.68	38.70	38.03	37.81	66.50	43.75	13.71	16.78
接穗横截面积 Cross-sectional area of scion (mm²)	673.44^abc	700.55^abc	375.69^c	838.24^ab	986.15^a	461.66^bc	672.30^abc	678.74^abc	325.95^c
CV(%)	25.32	15.17	32.81	43.16	38.76	63.47	38.85	16.95	24.38
接穗/砧木 Scion /Rootstock	0.94	0.88	0.94	0.95	1.09	1.06	0.96	0.96	0.98

项目 Items	A₁	A₂	A₃	A₄	A₅	A₆	A₇	A₈	A₉
株高 Tree height(cm)	180.33^abc	164.67^bcd	140.00^d	183.33^ab	200.00^ab	177.67^abc	197.33^ab	209.33^a	144.67^cd
CV(%)	13.08	8.09	10.00	3.33	17.50	12.13	3.80	13.18	5.23
砧木横截面积 Cross-sectional area of rootstock (mm²)	760.82^abc	914.72^a	431.64^bc	902.23^a	839.26^ab	431.38^bc	742.47^abc	733.48^abc	336.21^c
CV(%)	24.82	21.68	38.70	38.03	37.81	66.50	43.75	13.71	16.78
接穗横截面积 Cross-sectional area of scion (mm²)	673.44^abc	700.55^abc	375.69^c	838.24^ab	986.15^a	461.66^bc	672.30^abc	678.74^abc	325.95^c
CV(%)	25.32	15.17	32.81	43.16	38.76	63.47	38.85	16.95	24.38
接穗/砧木 Scion /Rootstock	0.94	0.88	0.94	0.95	1.09	1.06	0.96	0.96	0.98

项目Items	A₁	A₂	A₃	A₄	A₅	A₆	A₇	A₈	A₉
株高 Tree height(cm)	246.00^abc	222.33^bc	241.33^abc	239.33^abc	233.33^abc	213.33^c	226.67^bc	260.00^ab	273.33^a
CV(%)	13.08	8.09	10.00	3.33	17.50	12.13	3.80	13.18	5.23
砧木横截面积 Cross-sectional area of rootstock (mm²)	1 713.69^a	2 032.80^a	1 508.70^a	2 770.10^a	1 494.97^a	1 644.34^a	1 823.93^ab	1 910.46^ab	1 966.66^ab
CV(%)	35.83	41.59	42.14	27.46	19.99	15.68	23.91	21.36	38.56
接穗横截面积 Cross-sectional area of scion (mm²)	1 529.72^ab	1 856.95^ab	1 072.36^c	2 023.91^a	1 523.82^ab	1 860.41^ab	1 614.87^ab	1 439.70^ab	1 794.37^ab
CV/%	18.59	11.27	5.92	35.39	18.34	16.93	20.55	36.04	36.95
接穗/砧木 Rootstock/Scion	0.96	0.99	0.88	0.85	1.02	1.06	0.94	0.86	0.96