Multimethod screening of bacterial diversity and related strains in radiation-contaminated areas

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.03.021

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】To screen and mine the microbial species resources by analyzing the diversity and community composition of soil bacteria in the radiation-contaminated area. which provides a theoretical basis for the comprehensive mining and utilization of the microbial resources in radiation-contaminated areas. 【Methods】Soil samples were randomly collected from three sites in the high radiation area of a radiation-contaminated area in northwest China, and the composition of soil bacterial communities in the area was analyzed by using Illumina NovaSeq high-throughput sequencing technology; the bacteria within the soil were isolated by various screening methods, molecularly identified by using 16S rRNA, and their functional properties were preliminarily studied. 【Results】The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the bacterial domains within the soil samples involved 30 phyla and 384 genera, with the dominant phyla being Firmicutes (52.15%), Proteobacteria (30.17%), Bacteroidota (10.42%) and Actinobacteriota (4.94%). Actinobacteriota, 4.94%). Planococcus (17.45%), Exiguobacterium (13.65%), Bacillus (6.97%) and Pontibacter (6.78%) were the dominant genera. Culturable methods were used to isolate 277 bacterial strains which belonged to 51 genera and 97 species. The dominant bacteria genera were Microvirga (24.91%), Streptomyces (16.25%), Pontibacter (7.22%), Cellulomonas (5.78%), etc. Ten potential new species were isolated, and majority of the obtained strains had strong salinity tolerance and functional enzyme-producing activities. 【Conclusion】The diversity of soil bacteria in radiation-contaminated areas is relatively rich.

Key words: radiation-contaminated area; high-throughput sequencing; culturable bacteria; functional characteristics

摘要：

【目的】解析辐射污染区内土壤细菌多样性及群落组成,筛选并挖掘微生物菌种资源,为开展辐射污染区微生物多样性挖掘和利用提供理论依据。【方法】从我国西北某辐射污染区高辐射区域随机采集3个地点土壤样品,利用Illumina NovaSeq高通量测序技术,分析辐射污染区土壤细菌群落组成;通过多种筛选方法分离土壤内细菌,利用16S rRNA进行分子鉴定并分析其功能特性。【结果】土壤样品内细菌域共涉及30个门384个属,优势菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,52.15%)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria,30.17%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota,10.42%)及放线菌门(Actinobacteriota,4.94%)。动性球菌属(Planococcus,17.45%)、Exiguobacterium(13.65%)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus,6.97%)、海洋杆菌属(Pontibacter,6.78%)等为优势菌属。可培养方法分离到277株细菌,分属于51属97种,其中优势菌属为微小杆菌(Microvirga,24.91%)、链霉菌(Streptomyces,16.25%)、海洋杆菌(Pontibacter,7.22%)、纤维单胞菌(Cellulomonas,5.78%)等,并分离获得10株潜在新种,且获得的绝大多数菌株具有较强的耐盐碱及产功能酶活性。【结论】辐射污染区土壤细菌多样性较为丰富,

关键词: 辐射污染区, 高通量测序, 可培养细菌, 功能特性

CLC Number:

Q93-3

XIE Wenwen, WANG Huinan, Ainijiang Ersiman, ZHU Jing, GU Meiying, ZHANG Zhidong. Multimethod screening of bacterial diversity and related strains in radiation-contaminated areas[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(3): 715-722.

谢文文, 王慧楠, 艾尼江·尔斯满, 朱静, 顾美英, 张志东. 辐射污染区细菌多样性及相关菌株筛选的多方法分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(3): 715-722.

Figures/Tables 9

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样品 Sample	原始序列 Original sequence	质控序列 Quality control sequence	有效序列 Valid sequence	ASVs
FS 1	121 244	107 331	98 146	1 206
FS 2	114 165	102 212	95 318	1 017
FS 3	111 917	98 524	91 658	951

样品 Sample	原始序列 Original sequence	质控序列 Quality control sequence	有效序列 Valid sequence	ASVs
FS 1	121 244	107 331	98 146	1 206
FS 2	114 165	102 212	95 318	1 017
FS 3	111 917	98 524	91 658	951

样品 Sample	多样性指数 Chao1	香农指数 Shannon	辛普森指数 Simpson	覆盖率 Coverage (%)
FS 1	1204	5.29	0.98	99.98
FS 2	1016	4.99	0.98	99.98
FS 3	951	4.99	0.98	100.00

样品 Sample	多样性指数 Chao1	香农指数 Shannon	辛普森指数 Simpson	覆盖率 Coverage (%)
FS 1	1204	5.29	0.98	99.98
FS 2	1016	4.99	0.98	99.98
FS 3	951	4.99	0.98	100.00

菌株编号 Strain number	相似菌株 Similar strain	相似度 Similarity (%)
2B-14	Azospirillum canadense	96.40
G2	Kineococcus indalonis	97.65
B6	Plastorhodobacter daqingensis	96.97
B8	Pontibacter indicus	96.92
B11	Pontibacter lucknowensis	98.35
B18	Pontibacter amylolyticus	96.94
B22	Pontibacter chitinilyticus	94.99
B37	Plastorhodobacter daqingensis	96.98
B49	Pontibacter flavimaris	95.53
B57	Pontibacter aquaedesilientis	96.49