Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (12): 3042-3050.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.12.019

• Prataculture · Plant Protection · Animal Husbandry Veterinarian • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Substitution control of five forages on Ambrosia trifida population in Ili River Valley, Xinjiang

WANG Tingzhen1(), FU Kaiyun2(), DING Xinhua2, JIA Zunzun2, LIN Jun3, LI Xuan3, Tuerxun Ahernaiti2, FENG Hongzu1, WANG Lan1, GUO Wenchao2()   

  1. 1. Agricultural College of Tarim University, Aral Xinjiang 843300, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China
    3. Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Agricultural Biosafety, Urumqi 830000, China
  • Received:2024-05-17 Online:2024-12-20 Published:2025-01-16
  • Correspondence author: FU Kaiyun, GUO Wenchao
  • Supported by:
    Autonomous Region Tianshan Talent Project - Leading Talent Project in Science and Technology Innovation;Central Fiscal Forestry Reform and Development Fund in 2023(Grassland Ecological Restoration);Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science stable support special project(xjnkywdzc-2023004)

5种牧草对新疆伊犁河谷三裂叶豚草生物替代控制作用

汪廷桢1(), 付开赟2(), 丁新华2, 贾尊尊2, 林峻3, 李璇3, 吐尔逊·阿合买提2, 冯宏祖1, 王兰1, 郭文超2()   

  1. 1.塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300
    2.新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/新疆农业生物安全重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
    3.新疆维吾尔自治区蝗虫鼠害预测预报防治中心站,乌鲁木齐 830000
  • 通讯作者: 付开赟,郭文超
  • 作者简介:汪廷桢(1998-),男,甘肃人,硕士研究生,研究方向为资源利用与植物保护,(E-mail)17881684835@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才项目-科技创新领军人才项目;2023年中央财政林业改革发展资金(Grassland Ecological Restoration);新疆农业科学院稳定支持专项(xjnkywdzc-2023004)

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aims to provide a scientific theoretical basis for population replacement techniques of the invasive species, the giant ragweed(Ambrosia trifida), by investigating the substitution effects of five types of grasses.【Methods】 A small-scale competitive experiment was conducted using five types of grasses-Festuca elata, Lolium perenne, Elymus dahuricus, Medicago Sativa and Trifolium repens L.-against A.trifida, with a density of 10 plants/m2.Dynamic monitoring of the branch and stem numbers of the giant ragweed in each community, along with indicators of plant dominance and fresh weight, was carried out to evaluate the substitution effects of the five grasses on the invasive species.【Results】 The mixed planting of tall fescue, alfalfa, and white clover significantly inhibited the growth of branches and segments of A.trifida.All five grasses could significantly suppress the height of A.trifida (P<0.05).In the mixed planting zone, significant decreases in the following order of percentage reduction: white clover > ryegrass > paspalum > tall fescue > alfalfa, with reductions of 65.34%, 45.58%, 37.96%, 27.23%, and 23.85%, respectively.Statistical analysis of plant numbers and coverage indicated significant decreases in plant numbers for the four grasses, except tall fescue, in the mixed planting zone compared to the single-species zone.Dominance results showed that tall fescue, alfalfa, ryegrass, and paspalum were dominant relative to three-leaf Ager, while white clover had a comparable dominance to A.trifida.There were no significant differences between alfalfa and tall fescue in both mixed and single-species zones.The fresh weight of three-leaf Ager was most affected by tall fescue and alfalfa, with percentage reductions of 41.06% (P <0.05) and 36.71% (P <0.05), respectively.【Conclusion】 In this short-term experiment, tall fescue, alfalfa, ryegrass, and paspalum are dominant relative to the giant ragweed, while white clover exhibits similar dominance.Considering factors such as the grasses' life cycle, germination characteristics, dominance, and fresh weight results, it can be concluded that alfalfa and tall fescue exhibit the best biologicalq substitution effects on the giant ragweed, followed by paspalum and ryegrass.White clover shows a relatively poor substitution effect on three-leaf Ager.

Key words: population substitution; ambrosia trifida; forage; dominance

摘要:

【目的】 研究5种牧草对三裂叶豚草的替代效果,为外来入侵物种三裂叶豚草的种群替代技术提供科学理论依据。【方法】 选用高羊茅、白车轴草、黑麦草、苜蓿和披碱草5种牧草对三裂叶豚草进行小区竞争试验,三裂叶豚草密度设为10株/m2。动态监测各群落三裂叶豚草分支数和茎节数、各植物优势度和鲜重等指标,评价5种牧草对外来入侵物种三裂叶豚草的替代效果。【结果】 高羊茅、苜蓿和白车轴草的混种显著抑制了三裂叶豚草的分支和分节生长。5种牧草均可显著抑制三裂叶豚草株高 (P<0.05)。混种区牧草株高均呈显著性下降,下降百分比幅度从高到低依次为白车轴草>黑麦草>披碱草>高羊茅>苜蓿,分别为65.34%、45.58%、37.96%、27.23%和23.85%。除高羊茅外,其他4种牧草在混种区的株数相比单种区均存在显著性下降;高羊茅、苜蓿和黑麦草的在混种区的相对盖度均显著大于披碱草和白车轴草的相对盖度。高羊茅、苜蓿、黑麦草和披碱草相对三裂叶豚草均为优势种,白车轴草与三裂叶豚草的优势度相当。苜蓿和高羊茅在混种区和单种区无显著性差异,三裂叶豚草的鲜重影响受高羊茅和苜蓿影响最大,下降百分比分别为41.06%(P<0.05)和36.71%(P<0.05)。【结论】 高羊茅、苜蓿、黑麦草和披碱草相对三裂叶豚草均为优势种,白车轴草与三裂叶豚草的优势度相当。苜蓿和高羊茅对三裂叶豚草生物替代作用最佳,其次为披碱草和黑麦草,白车轴草对三裂叶豚草生物替代效果较差。

关键词: 生物替代, 三裂叶豚草, 牧草, 优势度

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