Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (12): 3102-3112.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.028
• Animal Husbandry Veterinarian·Microbes·Agricultural Equipment Engineering and Mechanization • Previous Articles Next Articles
ZHANG Wei1(), JIN Fan1,2(
), LI Qianxu2, ZHANG Junsan2, ZHAI Xiuping2, WANG Shanbo1
Received:
2023-04-27
Online:
2023-12-20
Published:
2024-01-03
Correspondence author:
JIN Fan (1968-), male, from Urumqi, senior engineer with improved salary, bachelor degree,Resticide direction:agricultural machinery engineering,(E-mail)Supported by:
张伟1(), 靳范1,2(
), 李谦绪2, 张俊三2, 翟修萍2, 王善博1
通讯作者:
靳范(1968-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,提高待遇高级工程师,硕士生导师,研究方向为农业机械装备工程,(E-mail)639916709@qq.com
作者简介:
张伟(1997-),男,陕西安康人,硕士研究生,研究方向为农业机械装备,(E-mail)1213869102@qq.com
基金资助:
CLC Number:
ZHANG Wei, JIN Fan, LI Qianxu, ZHANG Junsan, ZHAI Xiuping, WANG Shanbo. Design and experiment of cleaning device for corn grain combine harvester[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(12): 3102-3112.
张伟, 靳范, 李谦绪, 张俊三, 翟修萍, 王善博. 玉米籽粒联合收获机清选装置优化设计与试验[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(12): 3102-3112.
项目 Item | 参数 Parameters |
---|---|
试验品种 Test varieties | 九圣禾2468 |
作物产量 Crop yield(g/m2) | 1 884.1 |
百粒质量 Hundred grain quality(g) | 53.1 |
作物自然高度 Natural height of the crop (mm) | 2712 |
株距 Plant spacing (mm) | 214 |
行距 Row spacing (mm) | 466 |
单穗籽粒质量 Seed mass per ear (g) | 176.7 |
单株果穗质量 Ear weight per plant (g) | 561.2 |
最低结穗高度 Minimum spike height (mm) | 1 099 |
籽粒含水率 Seed moisture content(%) | 26.88 |
Tab.1 Field test conditions
项目 Item | 参数 Parameters |
---|---|
试验品种 Test varieties | 九圣禾2468 |
作物产量 Crop yield(g/m2) | 1 884.1 |
百粒质量 Hundred grain quality(g) | 53.1 |
作物自然高度 Natural height of the crop (mm) | 2712 |
株距 Plant spacing (mm) | 214 |
行距 Row spacing (mm) | 466 |
单穗籽粒质量 Seed mass per ear (g) | 176.7 |
单株果穗质量 Ear weight per plant (g) | 561.2 |
最低结穗高度 Minimum spike height (mm) | 1 099 |
籽粒含水率 Seed moisture content(%) | 26.88 |
Fig.1 Structure diagram of corn combine harvester Note:1.Folding header;2.Bridge;3.Axial flow drum;4.Concave plate;5.Fan;6.Grain auger;7.Miscellaneous auger;8.Cleaning screen
Fig.2 Structure diagram of corn kernel cleaning device Note:1.Fan;2.Crank connecting rod;3.Grain collection box;4.Fish scale upper screen;5.Fish scale screen adjusting handle;6.Tail screen
Fig.3 Schematic diagram of cleaning and separation operations Note:1.corn kernels;2.broken stalks;3.corn stalks and leaves;4.broken corn cobs;5.mixed impurities of stalks and cobs
优化方案 Optimised solutions | 蜗壳出口 扩张角θ Worm shell outlet expansion angleθ(°) | 蜗舌半径r Snail tongue radius r (mm) |
---|---|---|
优化前 Before optimization | 25 | 15 |
优化后 After optimisation | 35 | 6 |
Tab.2 Comparison of parameters before and after volute optimization
优化方案 Optimised solutions | 蜗壳出口 扩张角θ Worm shell outlet expansion angleθ(°) | 蜗舌半径r Snail tongue radius r (mm) |
---|---|---|
优化前 Before optimization | 25 | 15 |
优化后 After optimisation | 35 | 6 |
风机转速 Fan speed (r/min) | 优化前风量 Airflow before optimisation (m3/h) | 优化后风量 Optimised airflow (m3/h) | 效率提升 Efficiency gains (%) |
---|---|---|---|
850 | 5 568 | 6 016 | 8 |
1 040 | 6 122 | 6 568 | 7.3 |
1 130 | 6 676 | 7 136 | 6.9 |
Tab.3 Air volume test before and after fan volute optimization
风机转速 Fan speed (r/min) | 优化前风量 Airflow before optimisation (m3/h) | 优化后风量 Optimised airflow (m3/h) | 效率提升 Efficiency gains (%) |
---|---|---|---|
850 | 5 568 | 6 016 | 8 |
1 040 | 6 122 | 6 568 | 7.3 |
1 130 | 6 676 | 7 136 | 6.9 |
编码 Coding | 风机转速 Fan speed (r/min) | 振动频率 Vibration frequency (HZ) | 筛网开度 Screen opening (mm) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 200 | 8 | 22 |
0 | 1 050 | 6 | 16 |
-1 | 900 | 4 | 10 |
Tab.4 Coding of experimental factors
编码 Coding | 风机转速 Fan speed (r/min) | 振动频率 Vibration frequency (HZ) | 筛网开度 Screen opening (mm) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 200 | 8 | 22 |
0 | 1 050 | 6 | 16 |
-1 | 900 | 4 | 10 |
序号 Serial number | 风机转速 Fan speed A | 振动频率 Vibration frequency B | 筛网开度 Screen opening C | 籽粒 含杂率 Seed trash content T1(%) | 清选 损失率 Clearance loss rate T1(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.39 | 0.91 |
2 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 1.62 | 1.65 |
3 | 0 | -1 | 1 | 1.54 | 2.17 |
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 | 1.35 |
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.24 | 0.86 |
6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.72 | 1.02 |
7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.49 | 2.84 |
8 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1.59 | 1.53 |
9 | 1 | 0 | -1 | 0.77 | 1.72 |
10 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1.4 | 2.16 |
11 | 0 | 1 | -1 | 3.24 | 1.38 |
12 | 1 | -1 | 0 | 0.4 | 3.4 |
13 | -1 | 1 | 0 | 2.13 | 2.36 |
14 | -1 | 0 | 1 | 1.92 | 1.18 |
15 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 2.69 | 1.57 |
16 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 2.39 | 1.74 |
17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.01 | 1.09 |
Tab.5 Test scheme and results of corn grain cleaning device
序号 Serial number | 风机转速 Fan speed A | 振动频率 Vibration frequency B | 筛网开度 Screen opening C | 籽粒 含杂率 Seed trash content T1(%) | 清选 损失率 Clearance loss rate T1(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.39 | 0.91 |
2 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 1.62 | 1.65 |
3 | 0 | -1 | 1 | 1.54 | 2.17 |
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 | 1.35 |
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.24 | 0.86 |
6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.72 | 1.02 |
7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.49 | 2.84 |
8 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1.59 | 1.53 |
9 | 1 | 0 | -1 | 0.77 | 1.72 |
10 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1.4 | 2.16 |
11 | 0 | 1 | -1 | 3.24 | 1.38 |
12 | 1 | -1 | 0 | 0.4 | 3.4 |
13 | -1 | 1 | 0 | 2.13 | 2.36 |
14 | -1 | 0 | 1 | 1.92 | 1.18 |
15 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 2.69 | 1.57 |
16 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 2.39 | 1.74 |
17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.01 | 1.09 |
指标 Indicators | 来源 Source | 平方和 Sum of squares | Df | 均方 Mean square | F值 F value | P值 P value | 显著性 Significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | Model | 9.06 | 9 | 1.01 | 8.39 | 0.005 2 | ** |
A | 3.51 | 1 | 3.51 | 29.30 | 0.001 0 | ** | |
B | 0.73 | 1 | 0.73 | 6.06 | 0.043 4 | * | |
C | 1.58 | 1 | 1.58 | 13.14 | 0.008 4 | ** | |
AB | 0.06 | 1 | 0.06 | 0.50 | 0.502 0 | ||
AC | 0.06 | 1 | 0.06 | 0.50 | 0.502 0 | ||
BC | 0.16 | 1 | 0.16 | 1.33 | 0.285 8 | ||
A2 | 0.16 | 1 | 0.16 | 1.32 | 0.289 1 | ||
B2 | 1.18 | 1 | 1.18 | 9.83 | 0.016 5 | * | |
C2 | 1.56 | 1 | 1.56 | 13.03 | 0.008 6 | ** | |
残差 | 0.84 | 7 | 0.12 | ||||
失拟项 | 0.55 | 3 | 0.18 | 2.60 | 0.189 6 | ||
误差 | 0.28 | 4 | 0.071 | ||||
总和 | 9.89 | 16 | |||||
T2 | Model | 7.58 | 9 | 0.84 | 31.53 | <0.000 1 | ** |
A | 1.41 | 1 | 1.41 | 52.83 | 0.000 2 | ** | |
B | 0.29 | 1 | 0.29 | 10.95 | 0.012 9 | * | |
C | 0.21 | 1 | 0.21 | 8.03 | 0.025 3 | * | |
AB | 0.95 | 1 | 0.95 | 35.59 | 0.000 6 | ** | |
AC | 0.57 | 1 | 0.57 | 21.34 | 0.002 4 | ** | |
BC | 0.02 | 1 | 0.02 | 0.73 | 0.420 0 | ||
A2 | 2.27 | 1 | 2.27 | 85.03 | <0.000 1 | ** | |
B2 | 1.58 | 1 | 1.58 | 59.03 | 0.000 1 | ** | |
C2 | 0.009 3 | 1 | 0.009 3 | 0.35 | 0.573 7 | ||
残差 | 0.19 | 7 | 0.027 | ||||
失拟项 | 0.039 | 3 | 0.013 | 0.35 | 0.792 6 | ||
误差 | 0.15 | 4 | 0.037 | ||||
总和 | 7.77 | 16 |
Tab.6 Variance analysis of grain impurity rate
指标 Indicators | 来源 Source | 平方和 Sum of squares | Df | 均方 Mean square | F值 F value | P值 P value | 显著性 Significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | Model | 9.06 | 9 | 1.01 | 8.39 | 0.005 2 | ** |
A | 3.51 | 1 | 3.51 | 29.30 | 0.001 0 | ** | |
B | 0.73 | 1 | 0.73 | 6.06 | 0.043 4 | * | |
C | 1.58 | 1 | 1.58 | 13.14 | 0.008 4 | ** | |
AB | 0.06 | 1 | 0.06 | 0.50 | 0.502 0 | ||
AC | 0.06 | 1 | 0.06 | 0.50 | 0.502 0 | ||
BC | 0.16 | 1 | 0.16 | 1.33 | 0.285 8 | ||
A2 | 0.16 | 1 | 0.16 | 1.32 | 0.289 1 | ||
B2 | 1.18 | 1 | 1.18 | 9.83 | 0.016 5 | * | |
C2 | 1.56 | 1 | 1.56 | 13.03 | 0.008 6 | ** | |
残差 | 0.84 | 7 | 0.12 | ||||
失拟项 | 0.55 | 3 | 0.18 | 2.60 | 0.189 6 | ||
误差 | 0.28 | 4 | 0.071 | ||||
总和 | 9.89 | 16 | |||||
T2 | Model | 7.58 | 9 | 0.84 | 31.53 | <0.000 1 | ** |
A | 1.41 | 1 | 1.41 | 52.83 | 0.000 2 | ** | |
B | 0.29 | 1 | 0.29 | 10.95 | 0.012 9 | * | |
C | 0.21 | 1 | 0.21 | 8.03 | 0.025 3 | * | |
AB | 0.95 | 1 | 0.95 | 35.59 | 0.000 6 | ** | |
AC | 0.57 | 1 | 0.57 | 21.34 | 0.002 4 | ** | |
BC | 0.02 | 1 | 0.02 | 0.73 | 0.420 0 | ||
A2 | 2.27 | 1 | 2.27 | 85.03 | <0.000 1 | ** | |
B2 | 1.58 | 1 | 1.58 | 59.03 | 0.000 1 | ** | |
C2 | 0.009 3 | 1 | 0.009 3 | 0.35 | 0.573 7 | ||
残差 | 0.19 | 7 | 0.027 | ||||
失拟项 | 0.039 | 3 | 0.013 | 0.35 | 0.792 6 | ||
误差 | 0.15 | 4 | 0.037 | ||||
总和 | 7.77 | 16 |
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