Effects of Drip Irrigation Frequency on Field Microclimate Characteristics of Winter Wheat Population

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.11.010

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2017, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (11): 2036-2045.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.11.010

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Effects of Drip Irrigation Frequency on Field Microclimate Characteristics of Winter Wheat Population

HUANG Zhen-jiang, CHEN Hui, WANG Ji-chuan, PAN Xue-jiao, ZHENG Lei

College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China

Received:2017-08-17 Online:2017-11-20 Published:2017-12-06
Correspondence author: WANG Ji-chuan(1968- ), male, native place: Langfang, Hebei. Professor, master supervisor, research field: Physiology and ecology of crop efficient cultivation. (E-mail)wjcwzy@126.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China "Study on the principle of efficient use of water and regulation mechanism of wheat under drip irrigation in Xinjiang" (31260303) ; Three-Year Project of Sci-Tech Special Commissioner for Minority Inhabited Areas " Integration and demonstration of key technologies for high yield and high efficiency grain production in southern Xinjiang" (2013AA002); Tarim University President Fund Project "Study on the population quality control effect and high-yield way of drip irrigation wheat" (TDZKGG201702)

滴灌频率对冬小麦群体田间小气候特性影响

黄振江, 陈慧, 王冀川, 潘雪娇, 郑雷

塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300

通讯作者: 王冀川(1968-),男,河北廊坊人,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为作物高效栽培生理生态,(E-mail)wjcwzy@126.com
作者简介:黄振江(1992-),男,新疆博乐人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物水分生理生态,(E-mail)865185846 @qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“新疆滴灌小麦水分高效利用原理与调控机理研究”(31260303);少数民族聚居团场科技特派员科技帮扶三年行动专项“南疆粮食高产高效生产关键技术集成与示范”(2013AA002);塔里木大学校长基金项目“滴灌小麦群体质量调控效应与高产途径研究”(TDZKGG201702)

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 Under the drip irrigation plot test condition, the soil water distribution and field microclimate characteristics of winter wheat under different drip frequencies in the oasis area of Southern Xinjiang were studied in the hope of providing basis for making winter wheat drip irrigation system.【Method】Based on the unified winter irrigation of 900 m³/hm², after the spring, the drip irrigation amount was 4,050 m³/hm² using three irrigation frequencies: low frequency P₁ was 4, medium frequency P₂ was 7, high frequency P₃ was 10.【Result】Soil water distribution was greatly affected by drip frequency. The average soil moisture contents of 0-50 cm soil layer in high frequency, medium frequency and low frequency irrigation treatments were 21.97%, 20.04% and 19.76%, respectively, and the soil moisture contents of 0-30 cm layer were more stable when treated with high frequency; In the growth period, the average soil temperature of high frequency irrigation treatment was 0.40℃ and 0.83℃ lower than those of medium and low frequency irrigation treatments the average temperature in the canopy decreased by 0.37℃ and 1.15℃, canopy leaf temperature decreased by 0.42 ℃ and 1.30℃, relative humidity in the canopy increased by 1.11 and 2.28 percentage points, canopy light interception rate increased by 0.025,6 and 0.055,1. Compared with medium frequency and low frequency irrigation treatments, the yield and irrigation water use efficiency of high frequency irrigation treatment increased by 1.36% and 20.47%. 【Conclusion】High frequency drip irrigation in winter wheat field can improve field microclimate and increase yield and water use efficiency in the oasis area of Southern Xinjiang. In practice, 7-10 times drip irrigation model is appropriate after spring.

Key words: winter wheat; drip irrigation frequency; soil moisture; field microclimate; water use efficiency

摘要： 【目的】在滴灌小区试验条件下,研究南疆绿洲区冬小麦在不同滴水频率下麦田土壤水分分布、田间小气候特征,为制定当地冬小麦滴灌制度提供依据。【方法】在统一冬灌900 m³/hm²的基础上,开春后滴灌4 050 m³/hm²,并设置3个滴水频率:低频P₁为4次,中频P₂为7次,高频P₃为10次。【结果】土壤水分分布受滴水频率的影响较大,高频、中频和低频灌溉处理生育期内0~50 cm 土层平均含水率分别为21.97%、20.04%和19.76%,且高频处理0~30 cm土层含水率更趋于平稳;高频滴灌较中频滴灌和低频灌溉生育期内平均土温降低0.40和0.83℃,冠层内平均温度降低0.37和1.15℃,冠层叶温降低0.42和1.30℃,冠层内相对湿度增加1.11和2.28个百分点,冠层光截获率增加0.025 6和0.055 1;高频滴灌较中、低频滴灌产量和灌溉水利用效率增加1.36%和20.47%。【结论】在南疆绿洲区冬小麦田中,高频滴灌能改善田间小气候,促进产量和水分利用效率的提高,实际应用中以春季7~10次的“少量多次”滴灌模式为宜。

关键词: 冬小麦, 滴灌频率, 土壤水分, 田间小气候, 水分利用效率

CLC Number:

HUANG Zhen-jiang, CHEN Hui, WANG Ji-chuan, PAN Xue-jiao, ZHENG Lei. Effects of Drip Irrigation Frequency on Field Microclimate Characteristics of Winter Wheat Population[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(11): 2036-2045.

黄振江, 陈慧, 王冀川, 潘雪娇, 郑雷. 滴灌频率对冬小麦群体田间小气候特性影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(11): 2036-2045.

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Effects of Drip Irrigation Frequency on Field Microclimate Characteristics of Winter Wheat Population

滴灌频率对冬小麦群体田间小气候特性影响

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