不同品种春小麦种子萌发期耐低温性综合评价

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.04.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究低温胁迫对不同品种春小麦种子的影响,比较种子萌发期耐低温性,为春小麦耐低温品质筛选和种植利用提供基础数据,也为其耐低温基因挖掘及新种质创制奠定理论基础。【方法】采用耐冷系数、隶属函数的聚类分析法,综合评价33个当季收获春小麦种子萌发期耐低温性。【结果】低温胁迫下,各品种春小麦的9个种子萌发和幼苗生长特性相关指标均呈下降趋势,可将测试品种划分为4个不同耐低温类型,即强耐低温型、中耐低温型、弱耐低温型和低温敏感型。【结论】筛选出强耐低温型品种新春6号、低温敏感型品种新春49号。

关键词: 春小麦; 种子萌发期; 耐低温性; 综合评价; 聚类分析

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study is to compare the low temperature tolerance of spring wheat seeds during germination by low temperature stress,It has provided basic data for the low temperature tolerance quality screening and planting utilization of spring wheat, and also laid a theoretical foundation for the low temperature tolerance gene mining and new germplasm creation. 【Methods】 Cold tolerance coefficient, membership function and cluster analysis were used to evaluate the low temperature tolerance of 33 spring wheat seeds during germination. 【Results】 Under low temperature stress, 9 indexes related to seed germination and seedling growth characteristics of spring wheat varieties showed a downward trend. Based on the comprehensive cold tolerance coefficient and membership function, the 33 varieties of spring wheat were divided into four different low temperature tolerance types, namely, strong low temperature tolerance, medium low temperature tolerance, weak low temperature tolerance and low temperature sensitivity. 【Conclusion】 The selection of the strong low temperature tolerance variety Xinchun 6 and the low temperature sensitivity variety Xinchun 49.

Key words: spring wheat; seed germination stage; low temperature resistance; comprehensive evaluation; cluster analysis

中图分类号:

S512.12

刘旭欢, 于姗, 刘跃, 石书兵. 不同品种春小麦种子萌发期耐低温性综合评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(4): 820-828.

LIU Xuhuan, YU Shan, LIU Yue, SHI Shubing. Comprehensive evaluation of low temperature tolerance of different varieties of spring wheat seeds during germination[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(4): 820-828.

图/表 6

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品种 Varieties	种子初始发芽率 Initial germination percentage(%)	品种 Varieties	种子初始发芽率 Initial germination percentage(%)	品种 Varieties	种子初始发芽率 Initial germination percentage(%)
新春6号Xinchun6	100	新春26号Xinchun26	98	新春40号Xinchun40	97
新春8号Xinchun8	99	新春29号Xinchun29	99	新春41号Xinchun41	98
新春9号Xinchun9	99	新春30号Xinchun30	99	新春43号Xinchun43	99
新春11号Xinchun11	98	新春31号Xinchun31	100	新春44号Xinchun44	99
新春12号Xinchun12	98	新春32号Xinchun32	97	新春45号Xinchun45	100
新春17号Xinchun17	97	新春33号Xinchun33	98	新春46号Xinchun46	99
新春19号Xinchun19	99	新春35号Xinchun35	99	新春47号Xinchun47	98
新春20号Xinchun20	98	新春36号Xinchun36	98	新春48号Xinchun48	99
新春21号Xinchun21	99	新春37号Xinchun37	99	新春49号Xinchun49	100
新春22号Xinchun22	100	新春38号Xinchun38	99	新春50号Xinchun50	99
新春24号Xinchun24	99	新春39号Xinchun39	100	新春51号Xinchun51	98

品种 Varieties	种子初始发芽率 Initial germination percentage(%)	品种 Varieties	种子初始发芽率 Initial germination percentage(%)	品种 Varieties	种子初始发芽率 Initial germination percentage(%)
新春6号Xinchun6	100	新春26号Xinchun26	98	新春40号Xinchun40	97
新春8号Xinchun8	99	新春29号Xinchun29	99	新春41号Xinchun41	98
新春9号Xinchun9	99	新春30号Xinchun30	99	新春43号Xinchun43	99
新春11号Xinchun11	98	新春31号Xinchun31	100	新春44号Xinchun44	99
新春12号Xinchun12	98	新春32号Xinchun32	97	新春45号Xinchun45	100
新春17号Xinchun17	97	新春33号Xinchun33	98	新春46号Xinchun46	99
新春19号Xinchun19	99	新春35号Xinchun35	99	新春47号Xinchun47	98
新春20号Xinchun20	98	新春36号Xinchun36	98	新春48号Xinchun48	99
新春21号Xinchun21	99	新春37号Xinchun37	99	新春49号Xinchun49	100
新春22号Xinchun22	100	新春38号Xinchun38	99	新春50号Xinchun50	99
新春24号Xinchun24	99	新春39号Xinchun39	100	新春51号Xinchun51	98

测定指标 Measurement indicators	处理 Treatments						平均值下降幅度 Decrease in mean value (%)
	标准萌发温度 Standard germination temperature			低温胁迫 Low temperature stress
	平均值 Mean value	变异系数 CV(%)	F 值 F value	平均值 Mean value	变异系数 CV(%)	F 值 F value
发芽势 Germination energy	97.207 3	2.749 2	2.641 8^**	92.941 8	4.148 7	5.497 1^**	4.39
发芽率 Germination percentage	98.005 1	2.160 9	3.001 7^**	96.867 8	2.349 1	5.257 9^**	1.16
发芽指数 Germination index	45.394 1	5.242 9	5.189 0^**	20.009 7	7.462 7	13.943 7^**	55.92
种子活力指数 Seed vigor index	1.091 1	12.880 4	15.533 3^**	0.338 9	14.903 4	15.246 7^**	68.94
成苗率 Seedling percentage	93.807 1	4.099 5	5.418 4^**	81.133 3	11.493 7	11.543 7^**	13.51
苗长 Shoot length	1.209 4	19.490 4	46.250 7^**	0.583 7	20.716 2	12.049 3^**	51.74
根长 Root length	4.983 4	14.239 1	11.249 7^**	2.008 7	14.943 7	18.673 9^**	59.69
幼苗鲜重 Seedling fresh weight	0.023 9	12.753 4	19.407 3^**	0.016 7	10.943 7	14.967 3^**	30.13
幼苗活力指数 Seedling vigor index	580.976 3	11.881 9	8.022 3^**	212.067 9	20.647 3	20.769 1^**	63.50

测定指标 Measurement indicators	处理 Treatments						平均值下降幅度 Decrease in mean value (%)
	标准萌发温度 Standard germination temperature			低温胁迫 Low temperature stress
	平均值 Mean value	变异系数 CV(%)	F 值 F value	平均值 Mean value	变异系数 CV(%)	F 值 F value
发芽势 Germination energy	97.207 3	2.749 2	2.641 8^**	92.941 8	4.148 7	5.497 1^**	4.39
发芽率 Germination percentage	98.005 1	2.160 9	3.001 7^**	96.867 8	2.349 1	5.257 9^**	1.16
发芽指数 Germination index	45.394 1	5.242 9	5.189 0^**	20.009 7	7.462 7	13.943 7^**	55.92
种子活力指数 Seed vigor index	1.091 1	12.880 4	15.533 3^**	0.338 9	14.903 4	15.246 7^**	68.94
成苗率 Seedling percentage	93.807 1	4.099 5	5.418 4^**	81.133 3	11.493 7	11.543 7^**	13.51
苗长 Shoot length	1.209 4	19.490 4	46.250 7^**	0.583 7	20.716 2	12.049 3^**	51.74
根长 Root length	4.983 4	14.239 1	11.249 7^**	2.008 7	14.943 7	18.673 9^**	59.69
幼苗鲜重 Seedling fresh weight	0.023 9	12.753 4	19.407 3^**	0.016 7	10.943 7	14.967 3^**	30.13
幼苗活力指数 Seedling vigor index	580.976 3	11.881 9	8.022 3^**	212.067 9	20.647 3	20.769 1^**	63.50

品种 Varieties	耐冷系数与综合耐冷系数 Cold tolerance coefficient and comprehensive cold tolerance coefficient										排序 Order
品种 Varieties	CTC₁	CTC₂	CTC₃	CTC₄	CTC₅	CTC₆	CTC₇	CTC₈	CTC₉	CCTC	排序 Order
新春6号 Xinchun6	0.973	0.999	0.452	0.333	0.971	0.683	0.511	0.721	0.511	0.681	1
新春43号 Xinchun43	0.999	0.981	0.478	0.257	0.999	0.733	0.399	0.611	0.444	0.666	2
新春26号 Xinchun26	0.933	0.999	0.411	0.333	0.898	0.666	0.458	0.799	0.448	0.661	3
新春17号 Xinchun17	0.939	0.999	0.394	0.333	0.934	0.485	0.508	0.911	0.457	0.654	4
新春35号 Xinchun35	0.934	1.011	0.482	0.374	0.952	0.338	0.523	0.777	0.459	0.635	5
新春47号 Xinchun47	0.993	0.994	0.467	0.347	0.858	0.469	0.506	0.727	0.427	0.643	6
新春22号 Xinchun22	0.951	0.978	0.444	0.357	0.897	0.561	0.379	0.825	0.375	0.641	7
新春50号 Xinchun50	0.974	0.987	0.482	0.384	0.895	0.576	0.324	0.793	0.341	0.638	8
新春12号 Xinchun12	1.001	0.993	0.503	0.322	0.937	0.407	0.452	0.641	0.415	0.631	9
新春8号 Xinchun8	0.908	0.993	0.401	0.261	0.922	0.495	0.534	0.652	0.489	0.628	10
新春24号 Xinchun24	0.974	0.973	0.467	0.346	0.922	0.487	0.377	0.741	0.367	0.628	11
新春39号 Xinchun39	0.986	1.001	0.442	0.354	0.842	0.492	0.388	0.798	0.342	0.627	12
新春38号 Xinchun38	0.979	1.014	0.451	0.334	0.838	0.418	0.401	0.734	0.339	0.613	13
新春41号 Xinchun41	0.967	0.993	0.427	0.291	0.925	0.333	0.425	0.689	0.399	0.612	14
新春48号 Xinchun48	0.938	0.954	0.452	0.322	0.937	0.323	0.456	0.711	0.393	0.609	15
新春21号 Xinchun21	0.944	0.993	0.454	0.309	0.811	0.564	0.387	0.681	0.331	0.609	16
新春11号 Xinchun11	0.959	0.993	0.445	0.281	0.826	0.681	0.301	0.622	0.287	0.601	17
新春9号 Xinchun9	0.993	1.001	0.403	0.289	0.768	0.469	0.413	0.718	0.324	0.598	18
新春36号 Xinchun36	0.953	1.001	0.476	0.309	0.787	0.581	0.261	0.654	0.246	0.585	19
新春30号 Xinchun30	0.926	0.973	0.426	0.234	0.745	0.373	0.527	0.548	0.309	0.561	20
新春19号 Xinchun19	0.919	0.949	0.433	0.249	0.678	0.444	0.287	0.666	0.178	0.545	21
新春33号 Xinchun33	0.911	0.961	0.381	0.259	0.762	0.342	0.409	0.681	0.241	0.537	22
新春40号 Xinchun40	0.921	0.987	0.424	0.247	0.605	0.448	0.298	0.583	0.193	0.523	23
新春44号 Xinchun44	0.911	0.782	0.473	0.313	0.555	0.494	0.301	0.451	0.147	0.515	24
新春20号 Xinchun20	0.909	0.777	0.454	0.303	0.315	0.413	0.301	0.444	0.134	0.502	25
新春37号 Xinchun37	0.901	0.721	0.433	0.301	0.333	0.411	0.333	0.402	0.111	0.501	26
新春51号 Xinchun51	0.929	0.899	0.397	0.251	0.598	0.479	0.301	0.575	0.188	0.499	27
新春45号 Xinchun45	0.856	0.691	0.382	0.394	0.254	0.399	0.303	0.405	0.999	0.488	28
新春32号 Xinchun32	0.911	0.888	0.535	0.214	0.594	0.433	0.333	0.497	0.167	0.479	29
新春46号 Xinchun46	0.872	0.697	0.397	0.299	0.287	0.401	0.297	0.399	0.101	0.499	30
新春29号 Xinchun29	0.887	0.698	0.401	0.333	0.254	0.411	0.299	0.401	0.099	0.468	31
新春31号 Xinchun31	0.909	0.789	0.492	0.333	0.557	0.544	0.311	0.461	0.155	0.444	32
新春49号 Xinchun49	0.856	0.595	0.357	0.267	0.255	0.391	0.288	0.401	0.111	0.437	33