新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (2): 474-483.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.02.025
许莹月1(), 侯钰荣2(
), 周晨烨1, 王静1, 李有政1, 周齐1, 兰吉勇2, 柯梅2, 魏鹏2, 王玉祥1
收稿日期:
2024-08-13
出版日期:
2025-02-20
发布日期:
2025-04-17
通信作者:
侯钰荣(1982-),女,新疆玛纳斯人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为牧草栽培、草地生态,(E-mail)houyurong0994@126.com作者简介:
许莹月(1996-),女,陕西西安人,硕士研究生,研究方向为农艺与种业,(E-mail)905557038@qq.com
基金资助:
XU Yingyue1(), HOU Yurong2(
), ZHOU Chenye1, WANG Jing1, LI Youzheng1, ZHOU Qi1, LAN Jiyong2, KE Mei2, WEI Peng2, WANG yuxiang1
Received:
2024-08-13
Published:
2025-02-20
Online:
2025-04-17
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】筛选紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)和冰草(Agropyron cristatum)最佳混播比例,为获得高品质牧草提供混播组合和理论依据。【方法】分别设置7个处理,分别为豆(豆科牧草)∶禾(禾本科牧草)为A(3∶7)、B(4∶6)、C(5∶5)、D(6∶4)、E(7∶3)、单播紫花苜蓿(MX)和单播冰草(BC),利用牧草养分指标检测技术和数理统计方法,分析不同比例豆禾混播对牧草品质的影响。【结果】混播当年牧草品质与混播比例差异显著,各混播处理与紫花苜蓿单播相比粗脂肪含量均有显著提升(P<0.05);C处理下中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量较低,分别为38.64%、27.51%;粗蛋白含量为19.01%;全碳、全氮、可溶性糖含量较高,分别为40.21%、3.04%和41.77%。不同处理采用灰色关联度综合评价排序结果为BC>C>A>D>E>B>MX。【结论】紫花苜蓿和冰草混播可改善牧草的品质,混播牧草品质优于紫花苜蓿单播,且在混播各处理中以豆禾5∶5为最佳混播比例。
中图分类号:
许莹月, 侯钰荣, 周晨烨, 王静, 李有政, 周齐, 兰吉勇, 柯梅, 魏鹏, 王玉祥. 紫花苜蓿与冰草混播当年对牧草品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(2): 474-483.
XU Yingyue, HOU Yurong, ZHOU Chenye, WANG Jing, LI Youzheng, ZHOU Qi, LAN Jiyong, KE Mei, WEI Peng, WANG yuxiang. Effects of mixed sowing of Medicago sativa and Agropyron cristatum on forage quality[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(2): 474-483.
土层 Soil layer (cm) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g/kg) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g/kg) | 全钾 Total potassium (g/kg) | 速效氮 Available nitrogen (mg/kg) | 速效磷 Available phosphorus (mg/kg) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg/kg) | 土壤容重 Soil bulk density (g/cm3) | 有机质 Organic matter (g/kg) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0~10 | 1.55 | 1.01 | 14.09 | 35.65 | 37.92 | 188.44 | 1.55 | 8.35 |
10~20 | 0.87 | 1.04 | 13.92 | 47.20 | 36.99 | 126.08 | 1.61 | 9.48 |
20~30 | 1.02 | 1.09 | 14.90 | 27.56 | 15.34 | 120.74 | 1.63 | 8.49 |
30~40 | 0.78 | 0.91 | 14.29 | 33.72 | 14.92 | 123.75 | 1.65 | 5.39 |
表1 播前土壤养分信息
Tab.1 Message of soil nutrients before sowing
土层 Soil layer (cm) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g/kg) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g/kg) | 全钾 Total potassium (g/kg) | 速效氮 Available nitrogen (mg/kg) | 速效磷 Available phosphorus (mg/kg) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg/kg) | 土壤容重 Soil bulk density (g/cm3) | 有机质 Organic matter (g/kg) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0~10 | 1.55 | 1.01 | 14.09 | 35.65 | 37.92 | 188.44 | 1.55 | 8.35 |
10~20 | 0.87 | 1.04 | 13.92 | 47.20 | 36.99 | 126.08 | 1.61 | 9.48 |
20~30 | 1.02 | 1.09 | 14.90 | 27.56 | 15.34 | 120.74 | 1.63 | 8.49 |
30~40 | 0.78 | 0.91 | 14.29 | 33.72 | 14.92 | 123.75 | 1.65 | 5.39 |
处理 Treatments | 播种量Sowing quantity( kg/hm2) | |
---|---|---|
紫花苜蓿 Medicago sativa var.Jianeng | 冰草 Agropyron cristatum | |
MX | 18.00 | 0.00 |
BC | 0.00 | 45.00 |
A(3∶7) | 5.40 | 31.50 |
B(4∶6) | 7.20 | 27.00 |
C(5∶5) | 9.00 | 22.50 |
D(6∶4) | 10.80 | 18.00 |
E(7∶3) | 12.60 | 13.50 |
表2 试验设计
Tab.2 Experimental design
处理 Treatments | 播种量Sowing quantity( kg/hm2) | |
---|---|---|
紫花苜蓿 Medicago sativa var.Jianeng | 冰草 Agropyron cristatum | |
MX | 18.00 | 0.00 |
BC | 0.00 | 45.00 |
A(3∶7) | 5.40 | 31.50 |
B(4∶6) | 7.20 | 27.00 |
C(5∶5) | 9.00 | 22.50 |
D(6∶4) | 10.80 | 18.00 |
E(7∶3) | 12.60 | 13.50 |
图2 各处理下中性洗涤纤维含量和酸性洗涤纤维含量的变化 注:图中不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05),下同
Fig.2 Changes of neutral detergent fibers content and acidic detergent fibers content under different treatments Notes:Different lowercase letters in the figure indicate significant differences between the treatments (P<0.05),the same as below
指标 Indexes | 权重系数 Weight coefficient | 排序 Ranking |
---|---|---|
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fibre | 0.078 8 | 8 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fibre | 0.092 2 | 2 |
粗脂肪Crude fat | 0.089 0 | 4 |
全碳Total carbon | 0.076 8 | 11 |
全氮Total nitrogen | 0.089 9 | 3 |
全磷Total phosphorus | 0.078 5 | 9 |
淀粉Starch | 0.099 1 | 1 |
可溶性糖Soluble sugar | 0.077 2 | 10 |
半纤维素Hemicellulose | 0.082 3 | 6 |
纤维素Cellulose | 0.080 0 | 7 |
粗蛋白Crude protein | 0.071 9 | 12 |
木质素Lignin | 0.084 3 | 5 |
表3 不同营养价值的权重
Tab.3 Weights of different nutritional values
指标 Indexes | 权重系数 Weight coefficient | 排序 Ranking |
---|---|---|
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fibre | 0.078 8 | 8 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fibre | 0.092 2 | 2 |
粗脂肪Crude fat | 0.089 0 | 4 |
全碳Total carbon | 0.076 8 | 11 |
全氮Total nitrogen | 0.089 9 | 3 |
全磷Total phosphorus | 0.078 5 | 9 |
淀粉Starch | 0.099 1 | 1 |
可溶性糖Soluble sugar | 0.077 2 | 10 |
半纤维素Hemicellulose | 0.082 3 | 6 |
纤维素Cellulose | 0.080 0 | 7 |
粗蛋白Crude protein | 0.071 9 | 12 |
木质素Lignin | 0.084 3 | 5 |
处理 Treatments | 加权关联系数 Weighted correlation coefficient | 排序 Ranking |
---|---|---|
MX | 0.465 | 7 |
BC | 0.784 | 1 |
A(3∶7) | 0.537 | 3 |
B(4∶6) | 0.485 | 6 |
C(5∶5) | 0.556 | 2 |
D(6∶4) | 0.525 | 4 |
E(7∶3) | 0.510 | 5 |
表4 各混播处理的营养价值灰色关联度排序
Tab.4 Ranking of grey correlation degree of nutritional value of each mixed sowing treatment
处理 Treatments | 加权关联系数 Weighted correlation coefficient | 排序 Ranking |
---|---|---|
MX | 0.465 | 7 |
BC | 0.784 | 1 |
A(3∶7) | 0.537 | 3 |
B(4∶6) | 0.485 | 6 |
C(5∶5) | 0.556 | 2 |
D(6∶4) | 0.525 | 4 |
E(7∶3) | 0.510 | 5 |
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