厂形叶幕赤霞珠葡萄果实苹果酸的代谢规律

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.04.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究厂形叶幕形赤霞珠葡萄果实苹果酸的积累代谢规律,为葡萄有机酸代谢调控的研究提供理论依据。【方法】在厂形树形的基础上,设置对照直立形叶幕及2种高度的厂形叶幕,检测赤霞珠果实成熟过程苹果酸等有机酸的变化及苹果酸代谢相关酶的活性变化。【结果】厂形叶幕与直立形叶幕相比,降低了果域环境温度0.8℃与1.5℃。厂形叶幕在一定程度上提高了苹果酸与酒石酸的含量,成熟果实苹果酸含量分别增高了0.338与0.365 mg/g,酒石酸增高了0.774与0.760 mg/g。叶幕高度较高的H₁叶幕比较低的H₂叶幕,可能更有利于苹果酸的积累。3种叶幕形果实的磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶、苹果酸脱氢酶活性与果实苹果酸含量呈现不同程度的正相关,苹果酸酶活性与果实苹果酸含量呈现不同程度的负相关。【结论】简约化的厂形叶幕设置可以达到调控赤霞珠葡萄果实苹果酸积累代谢。

关键词: 赤霞珠; 葡萄; 叶幕; 苹果酸; 酶

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the accumulation and metabolism of malate in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes under the inverted L shape canopy type.【Method】 On the basis of the inversed L-VSP trellis, a VSP shape and two kinds of inverted L shape canopy types were set up to detect the changes of organic acids such as malate and the activities of malate metabolism related enzymes during the ripening of Cabernet Sauvignon fruits.【Result】 Two inverted L shape canopy types reduced the temperature of the fruit-zone microenvironment by 0.8℃ and 1.5℃ compared to the VSP shape canopy type. The inverted L shape canopy type could increased the malic acid and tartaric acid content, with ripe fruit having 0.338 mg/g and 0.365 mg/g of malic acid and 0.774 mg/g and 0.760 mg/g of tartaric acid, respectively. The H₁ canopy with higher leaf height is more conducive to the accumulation of malate than the lower H₂ canopy. The PEPC and NAD-MDH enzyme activities of the three canopy types' fruits showed varying degrees of positive correlation with fruit malate content, and NADP-ME enzyme activity showed varying degrees of negative correlation with fruit malate content.【Conclusion】 The simplified inversed L shape canopy setting can achieve the purpose of regulating malate accumulation and metabolism in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes, which provides the theoretical basis and empirical reference for the study of the regulation of grape organic acid metabolism.

Key words: Cabernet Sauvignon; grape; canopy; malic acid; enzyme

中图分类号:

S663.1

周晓明, 张付春, 钟海霞, 张雯, 韩守安, 伍新宇, 潘明启. 厂形叶幕赤霞珠葡萄果实苹果酸的代谢规律[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(4): 855-862.

ZHOU Xiaoming, ZHANG Fuchun, ZHONG Haixia, ZHANG Wen, HAN Shouan, WU Xinyu, PAN Mingqi. Study on the Malate Metabolism of Cabernet Sauvignon Grape under Inverted L Shape Canopy Type[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(4): 855-862.

图/表 6

图1 3种叶幕形示意

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of three canopy types

图2 果域微环境的温度变化

Fig.2 Temperature change of the fruit-zone microenvironment

图3 不同叶幕形葡萄果实有机酸含量变化

Fig. 3 Changes of organic acids in grape fruits with different canopy types

图4 不同叶幕形葡萄果实苹果酸代谢相关酶活性变化

Fig. 4 Changes of enzyme activities related to malate metabolism in grape fruits with different canopy types

表1 苹果酸相关代谢酶活性与苹果酸含量相关性

Table 1 Correlation between malate-related metabolic enzyme activity and malate content

	不同叶幕形 Different canopy types
	CK	H₁	H₂
PEPC	0.97 ${5^{}}^{}$	0.781^*	0.736
NAD-MDH	0.872^*	0.833^*	0.88 ${7^{}}^{}$
NADP-ME	-0.776^*	-0.658	-0.562

表1 苹果酸相关代谢酶活性与苹果酸含量相关性

Table 1 Correlation between malate-related metabolic enzyme activity and malate content

	不同叶幕形 Different canopy types
	CK	H₁	H₂
PEPC	0.97 ${5^{}}^{}$	0.781^*	0.736
NAD-MDH	0.872^*	0.833^*	0.88 ${7^{}}^{}$
NADP-ME	-0.776^*	-0.658	-0.562

表2 苹果酸相关代谢酶活性与果域微环境温度相关性

Table 2 Correlation between the activity of malate-related metabolic enzymes and the temperature of the fruit-zone microenvironment

	不同叶幕形 Different canopy types
	CK	H₁	H₂
PEPC	0.566	0.306	0.209
NAD-MDH	0.623	0.592	0.453
NADP-ME	-0.380	-0.151	-0.275

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