不同砧木对火焰无核葡萄生长、产量及品质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.01.010

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (1): 79-85.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.01.010

不同砧木对火焰无核葡萄生长、产量及品质的影响

丁祥¹^,²(), 仙鹤³, 周晓明², 张付春², 胡鑫¹^,², 潘明启², 钟海霞²(), 曾斌¹(), 伍新宇²

1.新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆农业科学院综合试验场,乌鲁木齐 830000

收稿日期:2022-06-03 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2023-03-07
通信作者: 钟海霞(1988-),女,河南人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为葡萄栽培生理与品质调控,(E-mail)zhonghaixia1@sina.cn;
曾斌(1970-),男,教授,博士,博士生导师,研究方向为果树种质资源及果树栽培生理,(E-mail)zbxnd@163.com
作者简介:丁祥(1997-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为葡萄栽培生理与品质调控,(E-mail)dingxiang08@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31960575);自治区优秀青年科技人才培养(2020Q028);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-29-ZP-08)

Effects of Different Rootstock Grafting on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Flame Seedless

DING Xiang¹^,²(), XIAN He³, ZHOU Xiaoming², ZHANG Fuchun², HU Xin¹^,², PAN Mingqi², ZHONG Haixia²(), ZENG Bin¹(), WU Xinyu²

1. College of Forestry & Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China
3. Comprehensive Experiment Station of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China

Received:2022-06-03 Published:2023-01-20 Online:2023-03-07
Correspondence author: ZHONG Haixia (1988-), female, associate research fellow, master, research direction: Viticulture Physiology and quality control,(E-mail)zhonghaixia1@sina.cn;
ZENG Bin (1970-), male, professor, doctoral supervisor, whose research interest covers fruit germplasm resources and fruit cultivation physiology, (E-mail)zbxnd@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960575);Excellent Young Scientific and Technological Talents Training Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2020Q028);China Agriculture Research System(CARS-29-ZP-08)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究不同砧木对火焰无核葡萄生长、产量和品质的影响,为新疆地区栽培优势火焰无核嫁接组合提供科学依据。【方法】以5BB、110R、101-14MG、SO4、188-08等5种砧木嫁接的6a生火焰无核葡萄为试材,火焰无核自根为对照,分析其在田间整个生长周期中树体的生长、产量及发育状况,测定果实色差、粒重、穗重、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物含量等品质指标。【结果】不同嫁接组合葡萄相较于火焰无核自根苗在生长、产量和果实品质均显著或极显著提高。其中火焰无核/101-14MG 更能促进火焰无核葡萄早熟。且果实粒重最大,果实着色最好,可溶性固形物含量,固酸比最高。【结论】以101-14MG为砧木嫁接的火焰无核葡萄具有成熟期早、着色好、产量高、可溶性固形物含量高等优点,是5种砧穗组合中最适宜火焰无核葡萄的优良砧木。

关键词: 砧木; 火焰无核; 生长; 产量; 果实品质

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effects of different rootstocks on the growth, yield and quality of flame-seedless grape and provide a scientific basis for the dominant flame-seedless grafting combination in Xinjiang cultivation. 【Methods】 5 kinds of grafting the scion of 6 a flame seedless grapes 5BB, 11R, 101-14MG, SO4 and the 188-08 were taken as test materials, flame seedless self-roots were used as a control to determine such quality indicators as the fruit grain weight, spike weight, color, soluble solids content, titratable acid during the whole growth cycle in the field development and production. 【Result】 The results showed that the growth, yield and fruit quality of different grafting combinations were significantly or extremely significantly improved compared with the flame seedless self-rooted seedlings.Flame seedless/101-14MG promoted the early ripening of Flame seedless grape and its fruit weight was the largest, the fruit color the best, the soluble solid content and the ratio of solid to acid the highest. 【Conclusion】 The 101-14MG rootstock grafted with flame-seedless grape has the advantages of early maturity, high yield, good coloring and high soluble solid content, and is the best rootstock for flame-seedless grape among the five kinds of rootstock and ear combinations.

Key words: rootstock; Flame seedless; growth; yield; fruit quality

中图分类号:

S663.1

丁祥, 仙鹤, 周晓明, 张付春, 胡鑫, 潘明启, 钟海霞, 曾斌, 伍新宇. 不同砧木对火焰无核葡萄生长、产量及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(1): 79-85.

DING Xiang, XIAN He, ZHOU Xiaoming, ZHANG Fuchun, HU Xin, PAN Mingqi, ZHONG Haixia, ZENG Bin, WU Xinyu. Effects of Different Rootstock Grafting on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Flame Seedless[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(1): 79-85.

图/表 9

参考文献 19

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类型 Type	新梢成熟节位 Mature node position of shoot	枝条粗度 (纵径/横径) Branch thickness (Longituclinal cliameter/ Transverse diameter)	大小脚现象 Feet pheno menon	单株果穗数 Ears per plant
5BB	9.25±1.37^aA	0.94±0.24^aA	有	41
110R	3.83±0.42^bB	1.01±0.35^aA	无	25
101-14MG	9.67±0.44^aA	0.93±0.05^aA	无	36
SO4	5.13±0.69^bB	1.05±0.54^aA	有	23
188-08	11.83±1.58^aA	1.00±0.03^aA	有	16
自根苗 Self rooted seedling	8.74±0.13^aA	0.89±0.22^aA	无	21

类型 Type	新梢成熟节位 Mature node position of shoot	枝条粗度 (纵径/横径) Branch thickness (Longituclinal cliameter/ Transverse diameter)	大小脚现象 Feet pheno menon	单株果穗数 Ears per plant
5BB	9.25±1.37^aA	0.94±0.24^aA	有	41
110R	3.83±0.42^bB	1.01±0.35^aA	无	25
101-14MG	9.67±0.44^aA	0.93±0.05^aA	无	36
SO4	5.13±0.69^bB	1.05±0.54^aA	有	23
188-08	11.83±1.58^aA	1.00±0.03^aA	有	16
自根苗 Self rooted seedling	8.74±0.13^aA	0.89±0.22^aA	无	21

砧木 Rootstock	穗重 Panicle weight (g)	果穗纵径 Ear longitudinal diameter(mm)	果穗横径 Ear diameter (mm)	穗形指数 Ear shape index
5BB	461.76±17.53^aA	304.98±7.45^abA	201.93±16.39^abcAB	1.53±0.09^aAB
110R	471.63±20.19^aA	286.06±20.12^abA	186.90±8.82^bcAB	1.54±0.15^aA
101-14MG	518.31±51.26^aA	304.12±10.47^abA	209.16±6.19^abAB	1.45±0.03^aAB
SO4	515.24±27.17^aA	316.65±29.32^aA	214.23±10.55^abAB	1.48±0.15^aAB
188-08	431.57±21.87^aA	238.37±21.27^bA	229.60±3.93^aA	1.04±0.08^bB
自根苗Self rooted seedling	423.71±38.36^aA	244.79±30.34^abA	171.11±13.55^cB	1.42±0.06^aAB

砧木 Rootstock	穗重 Panicle weight (g)	果穗纵径 Ear longitudinal diameter(mm)	果穗横径 Ear diameter (mm)	穗形指数 Ear shape index
5BB	461.76±17.53^aA	304.98±7.45^abA	201.93±16.39^abcAB	1.53±0.09^aAB
110R	471.63±20.19^aA	286.06±20.12^abA	186.90±8.82^bcAB	1.54±0.15^aA
101-14MG	518.31±51.26^aA	304.12±10.47^abA	209.16±6.19^abAB	1.45±0.03^aAB
SO4	515.24±27.17^aA	316.65±29.32^aA	214.23±10.55^abAB	1.48±0.15^aAB
188-08	431.57±21.87^aA	238.37±21.27^bA	229.60±3.93^aA	1.04±0.08^bB
自根苗Self rooted seedling	423.71±38.36^aA	244.79±30.34^abA	171.11±13.55^cB	1.42±0.06^aAB

砧木 Rootstock	单粒重 Single grain weight(g)	果粒纵径 Vertical diameter of grain(mm)	果粒横径 Fruit grain diameter(mm)	果形指数 Fruit shape index
5BB	3.31±0.11^bAB	17.57±0.43^bB	16.12±0.20^cBC	1.09±0.03^abAB
110R	3.46±0.26^bAB	18.89±0.11^aA	17.13±0.43^bAB	1.10±0.02^aA
101-14MG	3.92±0.06^aA	19.25±0.12^aA	18.70±0.19^aA	1.03±0.02^bcAB
SO4	3.39±0.03^bAB	18.47±0.26^aAB	18.40±0.32^aA	1.00±0.01^cB
188-08	3.66±0.15^abAB	16.53±0.40^cC	18.63±0.15^aA	0.88±0.02^dC
自根苗Self rooted seedling	3.18±0.13^bB	16.03±0.23^cC	15.59±0.26^cBC	1.03±0.01^bcAB

不同砧木对火焰无核葡萄生长、产量及品质的影响

Effects of Different Rootstock Grafting on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Flame Seedless

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图/表 9

参考文献 19

相关文章 15

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Metrics

类型Type	DE	L	a	b
5BB/火焰无核 5BB/Flame	8.67±1.16^aAB	2.33±0.32^bB	7.98±1.13^aA	1.98±0.47^abA
110R/火焰无核 110R/Seedless	11.36±0.91^aA	2.86±0.42^bB	10.74±0.87^aA	2.04±0.29^abA
101-14MG/火焰无核 101-14MG/Seedless	11.43±1.32^aA	5.00±0.66^aA	8.79±1.45^aA	2.86±1.36^aA
SO4/火焰无核 SO4/Seedless	5.16±0.56^bBC	2.48±0.63^bB	3.74±0.79^bB	0.5±0.32^bA
188-08/火焰无核 188-08/Seedless	4.06±0.56^bC	1.62±0.40^bB	3.05±0.61^bB	0.8±0.55^bA
火焰无核自根苗Flame seedless self-rooted seedling	12.48±0.25^aA	2.08±0.31^bB	5.37±0.74^aA	1.87±0.55^aA

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