新质生产力赋能新疆水稻高质量发展对策分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.S1.005

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (S1): 22-27.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.S1.005

新质生产力赋能新疆水稻高质量发展对策分析

杜孝敬(), 侯天钰, 唐福森, 袁杰(), 赵志强, 袁泉, 齐玉红, 康民泰, 文孝荣, 李冬, 张燕红, 布哈丽且木·阿不力孜, 王奉斌()

新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院作物研究所/国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心西北中心, 乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2025-06-20 出版日期:2025-10-10 发布日期:2025-10-29
通信作者: 袁杰(1980-),男,研究员,博士,研究方向为水稻遗传育种及栽培,(E-mail)649289794@qq.com;
王奉斌(1968-),男,研究员,硕士,研究方向为水稻遗传育种及栽培,(E-mail)xjnkywfb@163.com
作者简介:杜孝敬(1993-),男,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为水稻高产栽培与生理机制,(E-mail)dxjixj@163.com
基金资助:
耐盐碱水稻种质资源创制及新品种选育;新疆维吾尔自治区“三农”骨干人才培养项目高层次人才(2024SNGGGCC035);国家水稻产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-01-74);新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院青年理论学习小组调研项目

Suggestions on countermeasures for empowering High quality development of rice in Xinjiang with new quality productivity

DU Xiaojing(), HOU Tianyu, TANG Fusheng, YUAN Jie(), ZHAO Zhiqiang, YUAN Quan, QI Yuhong, KANG Mintai, WEN Xiaorong, LI Dong, ZHANG Yanhong, Buhaliqem Abliz, WANG Fengbin()

Crop Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Northwest Center of National Saline-alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2025-06-20 Published:2025-10-10 Online:2025-10-29
Correspondence author: YUAN Jie (1980-), male, Doctor of Philosophy, researcher, research direction: research on rice genetics, breeding, and cultivation techniques, (E-mail)649289794@qq.com;
WANG Fengbin(1968-), male, master, researcher, research direction: research on rice genetics, breeding and cultivation techniques, (E-mail)xjnkywfb@163.com
Supported by:
Creation of saline-alkali tolerant rice germplasm resources and breeding of new varieties;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region's "Tianshan Talent" Training Program-High-level Talents for Development of Systemrn Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Industry(2024SNGGGCC035);Urumqi Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Rice Industry Technology System(CARS-01-74);Research project of the youth theoretical study group of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 分析新疆水稻生产现状及产业发展趋势,为保障区域粮食安全和盐碱地可持续利用提供参考。【方法】 基于《中国统计年鉴》和《新疆统计年鉴》(1983-2024)的统计数据,分析新疆水稻生产的现状(面积、产量、单产、区域分布)及存在的主要问题。【结果】 (1)1983~2018年新疆水稻种植面积稳定于7.33×10⁴ hm²(110万亩)左右,但2018年后急剧下降,2022年降至3.67×10⁴ hm²(55.05万亩),总产量同步下滑;(2)水稻单产稳定增长,2023年全疆平均643.89 kg/667m²,显著高于小麦和玉米;(3)水稻生产主要分布于新疆南疆(阿克苏地区、和田地区)和新疆生产建设兵团(占37.86%),北疆(伊犁哈萨克自治州、乌鲁木齐市)次之。【结论】 创制耐盐碱、节水抗旱水稻新品种提高种植面积,同时加大政策扶持,恢复并落实种稻补贴,新疆需保持和适度规模化水稻生产。

关键词: 水稻; 生产现状; 适度规模化

Abstract:

【Objective】 To analyze the current situation and industrial development trend of rice production in Xinjiang, and ensure regional food security and sustainable utilization of saline alkali land. 【Methods】 Based on the statistical data from the China Statistical Yearbook and the Xinjiang Statistical Yearbook (1983-2024), analyze the current situation of rice production in Xinjiang (area, yield, yield per unit area, regional distribution) and the main problems that exist. 【Results】 (1)The rice planting area in Xinjiang remained stable at around 1.1 million mu from 1983 to 2018, but sharply decreased after 2018, dropping to 550500 mu in 2022, with a synchronous decline in yield;(2)The yield of rice has steadily increased, with an average of 643.89 kg/667m² in Xinjiang in 2023, significantly higher than that of wheat and corn;(3)Rice production is mainly distributed in southern Xinjiang (Aksu Region, Hotan Region) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (37.86%), followed by northern Xinjiang (Ili Prefecture, Urumqi); 【Conclusion】 Create new varieties of salt alkali resistant, water-saving, and drought resistant rice to increase planting area, while increasing policy support, restoring and implementing rice subsidies.Xinjiang needs to maintain and moderately scale up rice production.

Key words: Xinjiang; rice; production status quo; moderate scale

中图分类号:

S511

杜孝敬, 侯天钰, 唐福森, 袁杰, 赵志强, 袁泉, 齐玉红, 康民泰, 文孝荣, 李冬, 张燕红, 布哈丽且木·阿不力孜, 王奉斌. 新质生产力赋能新疆水稻高质量发展对策分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(S1): 22-27.

DU Xiaojing, HOU Tianyu, TANG Fusheng, YUAN Jie, ZHAO Zhiqiang, YUAN Quan, QI Yuhong, KANG Mintai, WEN Xiaorong, LI Dong, ZHANG Yanhong, Buhaliqem Abliz, WANG Fengbin. Suggestions on countermeasures for empowering High quality development of rice in Xinjiang with new quality productivity[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(S1): 22-27.

图/表 5

参考文献 20

[1]	Huang S, Wang H, Pan X, et al. Differential Impacts of Whole‐Growth‐Duration Warming on the Grain Yield and Quality Between Early and Late Rice (Oryza sativa) in a Double Rice Cropping System[J]. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2025, 211(2): e70052.
[2]	李亚贞, 韩天富, 曲潇琳, 等. 我国水稻的肥料贡献率时空变化及影响因素[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56 (4): 674-685 DOI
	LI Yazhen, HAN Tianfu, QU Xiaolin, et al. Spatio-Temporal Variations of Fertilizer Contribution Rate for Rice in China and Its Influencing Factors[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56 (4): 674-685 DOI
[3]	国家统计局. 中国统计年鉴[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2024.
	National Statistical Office. China Statistical Yearbook[M]. Beijing: China Statistical Publishing House, 2024.
[4]	Oladosu Y, Rafii M Y, Samuel C, et al. Drought resistance in rice from conventional to molecular breeding: a review[J]. International journal of molecular sciences, 2019, 20(14): 3519.
[5]	Yufang L, Qingwen Y, Xiangjun P, et al. Spatial distribution of soil salinization under the influence of human activities in arid areas, China[J]. Journal of Arid Land, 2024(10).
[6]	Du X, Hu H, Wang T, et al. Long-term rice cultivation increases contributions of plant and microbial-derived carbon to soil organic carbon in saline-sodic soils[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2023, 904(000):11.
[7]	Miao Q, Wu S, Li J, et al. Productivity of saline soils can be improved by integrating soil-crop system management[J]. European Journal of Agronomy, 2025, 168: 127618.
[8]	Wang N, Zang J, Guo X, et al. Role of rice cultivation on fluorine distribution behavior in soda saline-alkali land[J]. The Science of the total environment, 2022, 835:155543.
[9]	Li Y, Hu X, Luo Y, et al. Spatiotemporal variation in rice evapotranspiration under the influence of rice expansion: a case study in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China[J]. Paddy and Water Environment, 2024, 22(4): 535-550.
[10]	尹飞虎, 张富仓. 新疆农业节水与水资源高效利用的对策与建议[J]. 水资源与水工程学报, 2025, 36 (2): 1-8.
	YIN Feihu, ZHANG Fucang. countermeasures and recommendations for agricultural water conservation and high-efficient water resources utilization in Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering, 2025, 36 (2): 1-8.
[11]	Li T, Lu H, Luo Q, et al. The Impact of Rural Population Aging on Agricultural Cropping Structure: Evidence from China’s Provinces[J]. Agriculture, 2024, 14(4): 586.
[12]	姚庆, 崔宏亮. 伊犁河谷水稻种植存在的问题及对策[J]. 新疆农垦科技, 2016, 39 (12): 74-76,73.
	YAO Qing, CUI Hongliang. Problems and Countermeasures in Rice Planting in the Ili River Valley[J]. Xinjiang Farm Research of Science and Technology, 2016, 39 (12): 74-76,73.
[13]	陈志华, 石广玉, 车慧正. 近40a来新疆地区太阳辐射状况研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2005, (6): 734-739.
	CHEN Zhihua, SHI Guangyu, CHE Huizheng. Analysis of the solar radiation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in recent 40 years[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2005, (6): 734-739.
[14]	王荣东, 曹连莆, 张旺锋. 作物高产理论与实践[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2007: 179-195.
	WANG Rongdong, CAO Lianpu, ZHANG Wangfeng. Theory and Practice of High Crop Yield[M]. Beijing: China Statistical Publishing House, 2007: 179-195.
[15]	熊振民, 蔡洪法. 中国水稻[M]. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 1992: 578-590.
	XIONG Zhenmin, CAI Hongfa. Chinese Rice[M]. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 1992: 578-590.
[16]	潘俊峰, 钟旭华, 黄农荣, 等. 近20年新疆水稻生产发展及影响因素分析[J]. 中国稻米, 2017, 23(3): 22-27. DOI
	PAN Junfeng, ZHONG Xuhua, HUANG Nongrong, et al. Development of Rice Production in Recent Twenty Years and Its Influencing Factors in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region[J]. China Rice, 2017, 23(3): 22-27. DOI
[17]	新疆维吾尔自治区统计局. 新疆统计年鉴[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2024.
	Statistics Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Xinjiang Statistical Yearbook[M]. Beijing: China Statistical Publishing House, 2024.
[18]	Qin H, Li Y, Huang R. Advances and challenges in the breeding of salt-tolerant rice[J]. International journal of molecular sciences, 2020, 21(21): 8385.
[19]	罗利军. 节水抗旱稻的概念与发展历程[J]. 上海农业学报, 2022, 38 (4): 1-8.
	LUO Lijun. Concept and development history of water-saving and drought-resistance rice(WDR)[J]. Acta Agriculturae Shanghai, 2022, 38 (4): 1-8.
[20]	Chen K, Yu M, Cheng B, et al. Co-cultivation of rice and aquatic animals: Improving soil fertility and providing more rice in China[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2025, 251: 106526.

区域 Region	各地州 (市) Each prefecture (city)	粮食播种面积 The acreage sown in grain crops (万亩)(10⁴ hm²)	水稻播种面积 Rice planting area (万亩)(10⁴ hm²)		水稻总产量 Total rice yield (t)		水稻占粮食播种面积比重 Proportion of rice planting area in total grain cultivation area (%)			单位面积产量 Yield per unit area (kg/667m²)		占水稻总面积比重 Proportion of total rice area (%)
新疆北疆 North Xinjiang	乌鲁木齐市	12.93(0.86)	2.57(0.17)		17 055.00		19.84			664.91		4.31
	伊犁哈萨克自治州	600.09(40.01)	10.94(0.73)		70 845.00		1.82			647.87		18.39
	塔城地区	449.85(29.99)	0.05(0.003)		234.00		0.01			520.00		0.08
	阿勒泰地区	162.71(10.85)	0.11(0.007)		350.00		0.06			333.33		0.18
	克拉玛依市	6.03(0.40)	0.03(0.002)		126.00		0.50			420.00		0.05
	博尔塔拉蒙古自治州	100.62(6.71)	0.12(0.008)		695.00		0.12			579.17		0.20
	昌吉回族自治州	346.55(23.10)	0.06(0.004)		317.00		0.02			528.33		0.10
新疆东疆 Eastern Xinjiang	哈密市	36.18(2.41)		0.00(0.00)		0.00		0.00	0.00		0.00
新疆东疆 Eastern Xinjiang	吐鲁番市	0.90(0.06)		0.00(0.00)		0.00		0.00	0.00		0.00
新疆南疆 Southern Xinjiang	巴音郭楞蒙古自治州	137.00(9.13)	0.11(0.007)		466.00		0.08			443.81		0.18
	阿克苏地区	545.67(36.37)	11.06(0.74)		73 663.00		2.03			666.33		18.59
	克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州	85.14(5.68)	1.01(0.067)		6 603.00		1.18			657.01		1.69
	喀什地区	768.29(51.22)	3.45(0.23)		20 277.00		0.45			587.74		5.80
	和田地区	287.39(19.16)	7.49(0.498)		38 255.00		2.60			511.09		12.59
新疆生产建设兵团		697.83(46.52)		22.52(1.501)		154 066.00		3.23	684.28		37.86
合计		4 237.16(282.48)		59.48(3.966)		382 952.00		1.40	643.89		/

区域 Region	各地州 (市) Each prefecture (city)	粮食播种面积 The acreage sown in grain crops (万亩)(10⁴ hm²)	水稻播种面积 Rice planting area (万亩)(10⁴ hm²)		水稻总产量 Total rice yield (t)		水稻占粮食播种面积比重 Proportion of rice planting area in total grain cultivation area (%)			单位面积产量 Yield per unit area (kg/667m²)		占水稻总面积比重 Proportion of total rice area (%)
新疆北疆 North Xinjiang	乌鲁木齐市	12.93(0.86)	2.57(0.17)		17 055.00		19.84			664.91		4.31
	伊犁哈萨克自治州	600.09(40.01)	10.94(0.73)		70 845.00		1.82			647.87		18.39
	塔城地区	449.85(29.99)	0.05(0.003)		234.00		0.01			520.00		0.08
	阿勒泰地区	162.71(10.85)	0.11(0.007)		350.00		0.06			333.33		0.18
	克拉玛依市	6.03(0.40)	0.03(0.002)		126.00		0.50			420.00		0.05
	博尔塔拉蒙古自治州	100.62(6.71)	0.12(0.008)		695.00		0.12			579.17		0.20
	昌吉回族自治州	346.55(23.10)	0.06(0.004)		317.00		0.02			528.33		0.10
新疆东疆 Eastern Xinjiang	哈密市	36.18(2.41)		0.00(0.00)		0.00		0.00	0.00		0.00
新疆东疆 Eastern Xinjiang	吐鲁番市	0.90(0.06)		0.00(0.00)		0.00		0.00	0.00		0.00
新疆南疆 Southern Xinjiang	巴音郭楞蒙古自治州	137.00(9.13)	0.11(0.007)		466.00		0.08			443.81		0.18
	阿克苏地区	545.67(36.37)	11.06(0.74)		73 663.00		2.03			666.33		18.59
	克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州	85.14(5.68)	1.01(0.067)		6 603.00		1.18			657.01		1.69
	喀什地区	768.29(51.22)	3.45(0.23)		20 277.00		0.45			587.74		5.80
	和田地区	287.39(19.16)	7.49(0.498)		38 255.00		2.60			511.09		12.59
新疆生产建设兵团		697.83(46.52)		22.52(1.501)		154 066.00		3.23	684.28		37.86
合计		4 237.16(282.48)		59.48(3.966)		382 952.00		1.40	643.89		/

稻作区名称 Name of rice growing area	主要产稻地区 Major rice-producing regions
伊犁河谷早中熟稻区 Yili Valley mid-ripening rice region	察布查尔县、新疆生产建设兵团第四师
天山北麓中熟稻区 Mid maturing rice area at the northery foot of Tianshan Mounntains	乌鲁木齐市米东区
南疆北部中晚熟稻区 Southern Xinjiang late- maturing rile region	阿克苏地区温宿县、新疆生产建设兵团第一师
南疆西南部晚熟及复播稻区 Late maturing and planted rice areas in Southwestern Sounern Xinjiang	喀什地区、和田地区

稻作区名称 Name of rice growing area	主要产稻地区 Major rice-producing regions
伊犁河谷早中熟稻区 Yili Valley mid-ripening rice region	察布查尔县、新疆生产建设兵团第四师
天山北麓中熟稻区 Mid maturing rice area at the northery foot of Tianshan Mounntains	乌鲁木齐市米东区
南疆北部中晚熟稻区 Southern Xinjiang late- maturing rile region	阿克苏地区温宿县、新疆生产建设兵团第一师
南疆西南部晚熟及复播稻区 Late maturing and planted rice areas in Southwestern Sounern Xinjiang	喀什地区、和田地区

新质生产力赋能新疆水稻高质量发展对策分析

Suggestions on countermeasures for empowering High quality development of rice in Xinjiang with new quality productivity

在线阅读

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 5

参考文献 20

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	杜孝敬, 侯天钰, 张燕红, 李冬, 袁杰, 李建睿, 申宇昕, 李晓荣, 王奉斌. 水稻孕穗期低温对其剑叶抗氧化酶活性及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(7): 1631-1638.
[2]	古丽娜尔·巴合提别克, 刘文静, 麻井彪, 张国胜, 郭启平, 袁杰, 张燕红, 安万刚, 萨吉代木·玉苏甫, 潘建明, 任磊. 盐胁迫下水稻种子萌发特性及其耐盐性评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(4): 858-868.
[3]	凌沥, 翟辉, 张云舒, 邵华伟, 唐光木, 葛春辉, 徐万里, 杨建军. 外源硒对水稻硒吸收和转运的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 103-109.
[4]	杜孝敬, 侯天钰, 李冬, 吕玉平, 袁杰, 张燕红, 赵志强, 布哈丽且木·阿不力孜, 王奉斌. 水稻种子萌发期耐旱性鉴定及优异品种筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 95-102.
[5]	赵敏华, 宋秉曦, 张宇鹏, 高志红, 朱勇勇, 陈晓远. 旱作条件下氮肥减施对水稻产量及氮肥偏生产力的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(8): 1907-1915.
[6]	康民泰, 杜孝敬, 张燕红, 陈玉环, 文孝荣, 唐福森, 赵志强, 袁杰, 王奉斌. 新疆盐渍区水稻品种生育表现与耐盐性筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(3): 591-598.
[7]	张燕红, 侯天钰, 巴音花, 赵彩月, 吕玉平, 布哈丽且木·阿不力孜, 赵志强, 李冬, 杜孝敬, 袁杰, 王奉斌. 水稻重组自交系群体芽期和苗期耐盐性鉴定与评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5): 1041-1049.
[8]	布哈丽且木·阿不力孜, 张燕红, 袁杰, 赵志强, 文孝荣, 杜孝敬, 王奉斌, 吕玉平, 阿曼古丽·艾孜子. 新疆优质丰产香型水稻品种筛选与评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(11): 2694-2703.
[9]	陈丽, 马静, 朱志明, 刘炜, 孙建昌. 基于水稻RIL群体的加工品质性状QTL分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(10): 2419-2425.
[10]	蒲胜海, 王则玉, 丁峰, 王彩风, 刘小利, 马晓鹏, 王涛, 彭银双, 李韵同. 膜下滴灌水稻生理生化特性对灌浆期控水的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(9): 2091-2103.
[11]	杜孝敬, 张燕红, 吕玉平, 袁杰, 李冬, 赵志强, 布哈丽且木·阿不力孜, 王奉斌. 不同香稻品种种子萌发和苗期对NaCl胁迫的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(4): 827-838.
[12]	杜月梅, 高丽萍, 邵华. 呋虫胺及其代谢物UF和DN在水稻上残留行为及其储存稳定性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(3): 663-673.
[13]	王振洋, 王冀川, 袁杰, 王奉斌. 不同施氮量与栽插密度对水稻群体生长及产量构成的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(12): 2969-2978.
[14]	王露霞, 索常凯, 褚璇, 冶军, 闵伟, 侯振安. 旱稻和水稻生长发育及产量对灌水量的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(12): 2979-2987.
[15]	张燕红, 杜孝敬, 康民泰, 文孝荣, 唐福森, 袁杰, 赵志强, 布哈丽且木·阿不力孜, 虢虎, 王奉斌. 不同盐浓度下外源微生物菌对水稻生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(12): 2988-2996.