新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (8): 1916-1924.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.08.010

• 作物栽培·土壤肥料·植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮肥减量配施腐殖酸对棉花养分吸收与产量的影响

陈国悦1,2,3, 张凯1,2,3, 郭小梦1,2,3, 郭景玉1, 赵同舟1, 程白滔1, 张凌健1,2,3   

  1. 1. 新疆农业大学资源与环境学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
    2. 新疆土壤与植物生态过程重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
    3. 新疆种植业绿色生产工程技术研究中心, 乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-13 发布日期:2025-12-06
  • 作者简介:陈国悦(1998—),女,四川宝兴人,硕士研究生,研究方向为氮肥高效利用,(E-mail)1452835680@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目“作物定向提质化肥减施增效关键技术研发与应用”(2022B02020-2);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目子课题"田间典型作物高效用水及作物生境智能管控模式”(2022A02003-2)

Effects of reduced nitrogen fertilizer combined with humic acid on nutrient absorption and yield of cotton

CHEN Guoyue1,2,3, ZHANG Kai1,2,3, GUO Xiaomeng1,2,3, GUO Jingyu1, ZHAO Tongzhou1, CHENG Baitao1, ZHANG Lingjian1,2,3   

  1. 1. College of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
    2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes, Urumqi 830052, China;
    3. Xinjiang Engineering Research Center for Green Production of Planting Industry, Urumqi 830052, China
  • Received:2025-01-13 Online:2025-12-06
  • Supported by:
    The Major Scientific R & D Program Special Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Research and Development of Key Technologies for Improving Crop Quality, Reducing Fertilizer Application and Increasing Efficiency"(2022B02020-2); The Major Scientific R & D Program Special Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Efficient Water Use of Typical Crops in the Field and Intelligent Management and Control Mode of Crop Habitat"(2022A02003-2)

摘要: 目的】研究膜下滴灌条件下,氮肥减量配施腐殖酸对棉田植株生物量、籽棉产量、养分吸收与氮肥利用率的影响,旨在为新疆棉田氮肥减施增效提供技术支撑。【方法】2022年在新疆精河县开展大田试验,设置不施氮肥对照(CK)、农户施氮量(N130%)、测土配方推荐施氮量(N100%)、氮肥减量(N70%)、氮肥减量配施腐殖酸(N70%+HA)5个处理,在吐絮期采集植株样品,测定棉花各器官生物量、养分含量和籽棉产量,计算棉田氮肥利用率。【结果】相比于测土配方推荐施氮量处理,氮肥减量显著降低了棉花总生物量、氮磷钾累积吸收量和籽棉产量;相比于氮肥减量处理,添加腐殖酸(N70%+HA)显著提高了棉花氮磷钾累积吸收量和籽棉产量,达到与测土配方施肥推荐施氮量处理相当水平;氮肥表观利用率在氮肥减量配施腐殖酸(N70%+HA)达到最高,为48.76%,显著高于农户施氮量处理。【结论】在氮肥减施条件下,配施腐殖酸可促进棉花氮素吸收,增加籽棉产量,提高氮肥利用效率,可作为新疆棉田化学氮肥减施和氮素可持续管理的有效措施。

关键词: 棉花; 氮肥减施; 腐殖酸; 产量; 养分吸收; 氮素利用

Abstract: Objective】To study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction combined with humic acid on plant biomass, seed cotton yield, nutrient absorption and nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate in cotton field under drip irrigation under film in the hope of providing technical support for nitrogen fertilizer reduction and efficiency increase in Xinjiang cotton field.【Methods】In 2022, a field experiment was carried out in Jinghe County, Xinjiang. Five treatments were set up: no nitrogen fertilizer control(CK), farmers' nitrogen application rate (N130% ), soil testing recommended nitrogen application rate (N100% ), nitrogen fertilizer reduction (N70%), nitrogen fertilizer reduction combined with humic acid(N70%+HA). Plant samples were collected during the boll opening period. The biomass, nutrient content and seed cotton yield of each organ of cotton were measured, and the nitrogen fertilizer utilizer rate of cotton field was calculated.【Results】Compared with the recommended nitrogen application rate of soil testing formula, the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer significantly reduced the total biomass of cotton, the cumulative absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the yield of seed cotton. Compared with the nitrogen fertilizer reduction treatment, the addition of humic acid (N70% + HA)significantly increased the cumulative absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and seed cotton yield of cotton, reaching the same level as the recommended nitrogen application rate of soil testing and formula fertilization. The apparent utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer reached the highest in(N70%+HA) treatment, which was 48.76%, and which was significantly higher than that of farmers' nitrogen application treatment.【Conclusion】In summary, the application of humic acid under the condition of nitrogen fertilizer reduction can promote the nitrogen absorption of cotton, increase the yield of seed cotton and improve the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, which can be used as an effective measure for chemical nitrogen fertilizer reduction and sustainable nitrogen management in cotton fields in Xinjiang.

Key words: cotton; nitrogen fertilizer reduction; humic acid; yield; nutrient uptake; nitrogen utilization

中图分类号: 


ISSN 1001-4330 CN 65-1097/S
邮发代号:58-18
国外代号:BM3342
主管:新疆农业科学院
主办:新疆农业科学院 新疆农业大学 新疆农学会

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