氮肥配施牛粪对干旱区棉田土壤团聚体中微生物残体碳含量的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.08.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究氮肥和氮肥配施牛粪对干旱区棉田土壤团聚体及其中有机碳和微生物残体碳累积的影响。【方法】在新疆阿克苏地区沙雅县连续3年进行田间定位试验，设置5个氮肥施入水平（0、200、300、400、500 kg/hm²）和在5个施氮水平上配施牛粪（3 000 kg/hm²）。【结果】氮肥与牛粪配施可显著增加土壤>2 mm粒级团聚体的比例；在施氮量为300 kg/hm²时，单施氮肥与氮肥配施牛粪均可显著提高土壤各粒级团聚体中微生物残体碳含量；单施氮肥时，真菌残体碳和细菌残体碳的含量均随施氮量的增加而增加；施氮300 kg/hm²配施牛粪时，真菌残体碳含量较高，相比于仅施氮肥增加了14.61%；施氮500 kg/hm²配施牛粪时，细菌残体碳含量最高，相比于仅施氮肥增加了20.79%。【结论】氮肥以及氮肥与牛粪配施均可改变土壤团聚体的组成，并能增加各粒级团聚体中的有机碳含量和微生物残体碳含量。

关键词: 牛粪; 土壤团聚体; 有机碳; 微生物残体碳; 真菌残体碳; 细菌残体碳

Abstract: 【Objective】To study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer combined with cattle manure on soil aggregates and the accumulation of organic carbon and microbial residues in cotton fields in arid areas.【Methods】A three-year field experiment was carried out in Shaya County, Aksu Prefecture, southern Xinjiang. Five nitrogen application levels（0, 200, 300, 400, 500 kg/hm²）and cattle manure（3 000 kg/hm²）were set up.【Results】The combined application of nitrogen fertilizer and cattle manure could significantly increase the proportion of soil >2 mm aggregates. When the nitrogen application rate was 300 kg/hm², single application of nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer combined with cattle manure could significantly increase the carbon content of microbial residues in soil aggregates of all particle sizes. When nitrogen fertilizer was applied alone, the content of fungal residue carbon and bacterial residue carbon increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. When 300 kg/hm² nitrogen fertilizer was applied with cattle manure, the carbon content of fungal residues was higher, which was 14.61% higher than that of nitrogen fertilizer alone. When 500 kg/hm² nitrogen was applied with cattle manure, the carbon content of bacterial residues was the highest, which was 20.79% higher than that of nitrogen fertilizer alone.【Conclusion】Nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer combined with cattle manure can change the composition of aggregates and increase the organic carbon content and microbial residue carbon content in aggregates of each particle size.

Key words: cattle manure; soil aggregates; organic carbon; microbial residue carbon; fungal residue carbon; bacterial residue carbon

中图分类号:

S158.5

秦金鑫, 单煜, 吴茂林, 王昕悦, 张宇辰, 李沛锦, 袁文杰, 王冰, 王心愿, 盛建东, 刘耘华. 氮肥配施牛粪对干旱区棉田土壤团聚体中微生物残体碳含量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(8): 1871-1883.

QIN Jinxin, SHAN Yu, WU Maolin, WANG Xinyue, ZHANG Yuchen, LI Peijin, YUAN Wenjie, WANG Bing, WANG Xinyuan, SHENG Jiandong, LIU Yunhua. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer combined with cattle manure on microbial residual carbon content in soil aggregates of cotton field in arid areas[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(8): 1871-1883.

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