不同环境因子对Thaxtomin A防除田旋花和苘麻药效的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.04.020

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (4): 954-961.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.04.020

不同环境因子对Thaxtomin A防除田旋花和苘麻药效的影响

郭瑞¹^,²(), 陈勇¹, 汪雪晶¹, 李克梅¹(), 宋素琴²^,³()

1.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院微生物研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2024-09-21 出版日期:2025-04-20 发布日期:2025-06-20
通信作者: 李克梅(1972-), 女,江苏如皋人,教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为农作物病害虫综合防控,(E-mail)likemei@xjau.edu.cn;
宋素琴(1976-),女,山西长治人,研究员,研究方向为微生物活性产物及作物病害,(E-mail)suqin_song@163.com
作者简介:郭瑞(1999-),女,甘肃酒泉人,硕士研究生,研究方向为马铃薯疮痂病致病链霉菌分离鉴定及代谢产物活性,(E-mail)1522017534@qq.com
基金资助:
天山英才-高层次农牧人才(2024SNGGGCC033);新疆农业科学院科技创新重点培育专项“马铃薯疮痂病病原菌致病毒素Thaxtomins产量差异分析及其对新疆农田杂草的除草性能研究”(xjkcpy-202203);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务专项“新疆马铃薯绿色高产高效栽培技术研究与集成应用”(2022B02044-2)

Effects of different factors on the efficacy of Thaxtomin A against Convolvulus arvensis L. and Abutilon theophrasti Medicus

GUO Rui¹^,²(), CHEN Yong¹, WANG Xuejing¹, LI Kemei¹(), SONG Suqin²^,³()

1. College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs /Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China
3. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Microorganisms /Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2024-09-21 Published:2025-04-20 Online:2025-06-20
Supported by:
Fostering Highlevel Evperts in Agriculture and Animal Husbandry(2024SNGGGCC033);Earmark Fund of Key S&T Innovation Incubation Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences “The Thaxtomins Yield Difference Analysis of Pathogenic Toxin of Potato Scab Disease and Its Weeding Performance of Weeds in Xinjiang”(xjkcpy-202203);Key R & D Program Project of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region “Research and Integrated Application of Green, High-Yield and High-Efficiency Potato Technology in Xinjiang ”(2022B02044-2)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究新型生物除草剂Thaxtomin A(TA)在田旋花和苘麻作用特性,为TA的实际应用提供理论基础。【方法】采用常规室内生物测定法,分析不同环境因子(温度、湿度和施药后降雨)和土壤因子(土壤有机质含量和土壤pH值)对TA防除田旋花和苘麻除草活性的影响。【结果】在35℃/30℃、50%湿度、土壤pH=9和有机质含量较高时,TA对田旋花其防除效果最佳,但是在施药后0.5 h降雨,会明显降低防效,应再次喷施;在30℃/25℃、70%湿度、土壤pH=8.0、土壤有机质含量较低时,TA对苘麻防效最佳,在施药后1 h内降雨,均会降低其防效,应适量补施药剂。【结论】不同气候因子和土壤因子对TA药效具有显著影响,而不同杂草种类环境因子的改变,对TA防效的影响不同,不同温度、湿度、光照时长、施药后降雨、土壤有机质和土壤pH值对其除草活性均有一定影响。

关键词: TA; 除草活性; 环境因子; 田旋花; 苘麻

Abstract:

【Objective】 This project aims toclarify the action characteristics of the new biological herbicide Thaxtomin A (TA) in Convolvulus arvensis L. and Abutilon theophrasti Medicus.Finding from which provides a research basis for the practical application of TA. 【Methods】 The effects of different environmental factors (temperature, humidity and rainfall after application) and soil factors (soil organic matter content and soil pH) on the herbicidal activity of TA against Convolvulus arvensis L. and Abutilon theophrasti Medicus were studied by indoor bioassay method. 【Results】 The results showed that at 35℃ / 30℃, 50% humidity, soil pH = 9 and high organic matter content, TA had the best control effect on Convolvulus arvensis. However, 0.5 h rainfall after application would significantly reduce the control effect and should be sprayed again. At 30℃/ 25℃, 70% humidity, soil pH = 8.0, and low soil organic matter content, TA had the best control effect on Abutilon theophrasti. Rainfall within 1 h after application would reduce its control effect, and appropriate amount of pesticide should be applied. 【Conclusion】 Different climatic factors and soil factors have significant effects on the efficacy of TA, At the same time, for different weeds, the changes of environmental factors have different effects on the efficacy of TA. Different temperatures,humidity,duration of light exposure,rainfall after pesticide application,soil organic matter and soil pH value has a certain impact on the herbicidal activity of TA.

Key words: TA; herbicidal activity; environmental factors; Convolvulus arvensis L.; Abutilon theophrasti Medicus

中图分类号:

郭瑞, 陈勇, 汪雪晶, 李克梅, 宋素琴. 不同环境因子对Thaxtomin A防除田旋花和苘麻药效的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(4): 954-961.

GUO Rui, CHEN Yong, WANG Xuejing, LI Kemei, SONG Suqin. Effects of different factors on the efficacy of Thaxtomin A against Convolvulus arvensis L. and Abutilon theophrasti Medicus[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(4): 954-961.

图/表 9

图1 TA结构式

Fig.1 TA structural formula

表1 不同剂量TA下田旋花根长抑制率和鲜重抑制率的变化

Tab.1 Changes of root height and fresh weight inhibition rates of Convolvulus arvensis in different TA

处理剂量 Dose processing (μm/mL)	根长 Root length (cm)	根长抑制率 Root length inhibition rate(%)	鲜重 Fresh weight (g)	鲜重抑制率 Fresh weight inhibition rate(%)
CK	8.28	-	0.19	-
35	9.41	-13.647	0.29	-48.40
70	8.70	-5.072	0.27	-40.68
140	7.50	9.432	0.23	-16.71
280	3.38	59.179	0.12	37.39
350	2.72	67.150	0.11	44.39

表2 不同剂量TA下苘麻根长抑制率和鲜重抑制率的变化

Tab.2 Changes of root height and fresh weight inhibition rates of Abutilon theophrasti in different TA

处理剂量 Dose processing (μm/mL)	根长 Root length (cm)	根长抑制率 Root length inhibition rate(%)	鲜重 Fresh weight (g)	鲜重抑制率 Fresh weight inhibition rate(%)
CK	7.97	-	0.18	-
35	5.79	27.35	0.13	26.12
70	5.16	35.25	0.12	34.12
140	4.28	46.29	0.09	45.42
280	4.10	48.55	0.09	47.64
350	3.75	52.94	0.07	61.44

图2 不同浓度TA下田旋花和苘麻的生长变化

Fig.2 Changes of different concentrations of TA on the growth of Convolvulus arvensis and Abutilon theophrasti

图3 不同温度条件下TA影响田旋花和苘麻生长抑制率的变化注:A:田旋花和苘麻根长抑制率;B:田旋花和苘麻鲜重抑制率;下同

Fig.3 Changes of growth inhibition rate of TA on Convolvulus arvensis and Abutilon theophrasti under different temperature conditions Notes:A:inhibition rate of root length of Convolvulus arvensis and Abutilon theophrasti; B: Fresh weight inhibition rate of Convolvulus arvensis and Abutilon theophrasti ; the same as below

图4 不同湿度条件下TA影响田旋花和苘麻生长抑制率的变化

Fig.4 Changes of growth inhibition rate of TA on Convolvulus arvensis and Abutilon theophrasti under different humidity conditions

图5 施药后不同时间降雨下TA影响田旋花和苘麻生长抑制率的变化

Fig.5 Changes of inhibition rate of rainfall TA on the growth of Convolvulus arvensis and Abutilon theophrasti at different time after spraying

图6 不同土壤有机质含量条件下TA影响田旋花和苘麻生长抑制率的变化

Fig.6 Changes of growth inhibition rate of TA on Convolvulus arvensis and Abutilon theophrasti under different soil organic matter content conditions

图7 不同土壤pH值条件降雨下TA影响田旋花和苘麻生长抑制率的变化

Fig.7 Changes of inhibition rate of rainfall TA on the growth of Convolvulus arvensis and Abutilon theophrasti under different soil pH conditions

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不同环境因子对Thaxtomin A防除田旋花和苘麻药效的影响

Effects of different factors on the efficacy of Thaxtomin A against Convolvulus arvensis L. and Abutilon theophrasti Medicus

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