特克斯河新疆高原鳅生物学特性分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.10.025

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (10): 2576-2582.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.10.025

• 微生物·畜牧兽医·农业经济 • 上一篇下一篇

特克斯河新疆高原鳅生物学特性分析

古丽旦·赛力克波勒¹(), 王程欣¹, 许豪¹, 胡伯林², 杨浩可³, 魏齐⁴, 陈生熬¹()

1.塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院/塔里木珍稀鱼类研究中心,新疆阿拉尔 843300
2.新疆生产建设兵团水产技术推广总站,乌鲁木齐 830000
3.新疆生产建设兵团第四师可克达拉市农业农村局,新疆可克达拉 835219
4.新疆昭苏县山水农业科技有限公司,新疆昭苏 835600

收稿日期:2024-04-07 出版日期:2024-10-20 发布日期:2024-11-07
通信作者: 陈生熬(1980-),男,青海西宁人,教授,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为渔业资源与环境,(E-mail)chenshengao@163.com
作者简介:古丽旦·赛力克波勒(2000-),女,新疆昭苏人,硕士研究生,研究方向为渔业生态学,(E-mail)17797894248@163.com
基金资助:
农业农村部财政专项“西北地区重点水域渔业资源与环境调查”

Research on the biology of Triplophysa strauchiiin Turks River

Gulidan Sailikebole¹(), WANG Chengxin¹, XU Hao¹, HU Bolin², YANG Haoke³, WEI Qi⁴, CHEN Shengao¹()

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University/Tarim Rare Fish Research Center, Aral Xinjiang 843300, China
2. Aquatic Technology Promotion Station of Xinjiang Production and construction Corps, Urumqi 830000, China
3. Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Cocodala City, the Fourth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Cocodala Xinjiang 835219, China
4. Xinjiang Zhaosu Shanshui Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd., Zhaosu Xinjiang 835600, China

Received:2024-04-07 Published:2024-10-20 Online:2024-11-07
Correspondence author: CHEN Shengao (1980-), male, from Xining, Qinghai, professor, master and doctoral's supervisor, research direction is fishery resources and environment, (E-mail) chenshengao@163.com
Supported by:
Special Financial Project of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs "Fishery Resources and Environment Survey in Key Waters of Northwest China"

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究特克斯河新疆高原鳅系统生物学特性,为其种质资源开发利用奠定基础,夯实新疆特有鱼类基础生物学数据。【方法】 2022~2023年在特克斯河采集新疆高原鳅488尾样本,运用经典生物学方法鉴定其形态特征,分析其年龄、生长等生物学特性。【结果】 新疆高原鳅体延长,头略扁平,头后稍隆起,吻钝、口下位较宽,背廓呈弧状,前躯粗圆,呈纺锤形,尾柄起点处的宽度明显大于尾柄高,皮肤光滑,无鳞,侧线完全。体长和体重均不符合正态分布,年龄均值为(1.74±0.77)⁺,最大年龄为4⁺,最小年龄为0⁺,其中优势年龄个体为2⁺,占46.80%。体长和体重相关方程为:W = 1.15 × 10^-5L^2.968(R²= 0.92);生长方程为:L_t = 161.13 (1-e^{-0.32(t+0.20)})和W_t = 40.82 (1-e^{-0.32(t+0.20)})^2.968,渐近体长L_∞= 161.13 mm,渐近体重W_∞= 40.82 g,t₀= -0.20,k = 0.32,t_i= 3.23;丰满系数为k = 1.21。【结论】 新疆高原鳅为高原冷水性鱼类,体形呈纺锤形,特克斯河中处于匀速生长,年龄组成小,适应性强,生长性状稳定,数量多,极为适口的肉食性鱼类饵料生物,具有较大的开发利用价值和生态意义,特克斯河优势土著鱼类。

关键词: 特克斯河; 新疆高原鳅; 形态特征; 年龄与生长

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the systematic biology characteristics of Triplophysa strauchii in Turks River, lay a foundation for the development and utilization of its germplasm resources, and consolidate the basic biological data of fish endemic to Xinjiang. 【Methods】 From 2022 to 2023, 488 samples of T. strauchii were collected in the Turks River, and their morphological characteristics were identified by classical biological methods, and their biological characteristics such as age and growth were analyzed. 【Results】 T. strauchii had elongated body, slightly flattened head, slightly raised head, blunt snout, wider lower mouth, curved back outline, thick round forebody, fusiform, width of caudal stalk starting point was obviously larger than caudal stalk height, smooth skin, no scale, and complete lateral line.. The mean age of T. strauchii was (1.74±0.77)⁺, the maximum age was 4⁺, the minimum age 0⁺. Among them, the dominant age was 2⁺, accounting for 46.80%. The correlation equation between standard length and body weight was as follows: W = 1.15 × 10^-5L^2.968(R²= 0.92); The growth equations was: L_t = 161.13 (1-e^{-0.32(t+0.20)}) and W_t = 40.82 (1-e^{-0.32(t+0.20)})^2.968, asymptotic standard length was: L_∞ = 161.13 mm, asymptotic body weight W_∞ = 40.82 g, t₀ = -0.20, k = 0.32, t_i = 3.23; The fullness coefficient was: k = 1.21. 【Conclusion】 Triplophysa strauchii, a cold water fish with a body shape of spindle, is a carnivorous fish feed organism with uniform growth rate, small age composition, strong adaptability, stable growth characteristics, large number and extremely palatability in the Turks River, which has great development and utilization value and ecological significance. As the dominant indigenous fish in the Turks River.

Key words: Turks River; Triplophysa strauchii; morphology characteristic; age and growth

中图分类号:

古丽旦·赛力克波勒, 王程欣, 许豪, 胡伯林, 杨浩可, 魏齐, 陈生熬. 特克斯河新疆高原鳅生物学特性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(10): 2576-2582.

Gulidan Sailikebole, WANG Chengxin, XU Hao, HU Bolin, YANG Haoke, WEI Qi, CHEN Shengao. Research on the biology of Triplophysa strauchiiin Turks River[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(10): 2576-2582.

图/表 6

参考文献 33

[1]	武云飞, 吴翠珍. 青藏高原鱼类[M]. 成都: 四川科学技术出版社, 1982.
	WU Yunfei, WU Cuizhen. The fishes of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[M]. Chengdu: Sichuan Scientific & Technical Publishers, 1982.
[2]	郭焱. 新疆鱼类志[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆科学技术出版社, 2012: 24-213.
	GUO Yan. Xinjiang ichthyology[M]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Science and Technology Press, 2012: 24-213.
[3]	侯杰, 周著, 邱秀云. 特克斯河山口引水枢纽的引水防沙设计及试验研究[J]. 水力发电, 2001, 27(2): 31-34.
	HOU Jie, ZHOU Zhu, QIU Xiuyun. Dynamic test and study on the integral body and model with transverse joint of Xiaowan High Arch Dam[J]. Water Power, 2001, 27(2): 31-34.
[4]	陈峰, 袁玉江, 魏文寿, 等. 特克斯河流域近236a降水变化及其趋势预测[J]. 山地学报, 2010, 28(5): 545-551.
	CHEN Feng, YUAN Yujiang, WEI Wenshou, et al. Variation and prediction trend of precipitation series for the tekes river basin during the last 236 years[J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 2010, 28(5): 545-551.
[5]	曾昭品, 王成雄. 特克斯河流域径流洪水特性分析[J]. 东北水利水电, 2004, 22(12): 42-43.
	ZENG Zhaopin, WANG Chengxiong. Analysis of runoff flood characteristics in Tekes River Basin[J]. Water Resource & Hydropower of Northeast China, 2004, 22(12): 42-43.
[6]	江敏, 张岩, 阎新书, 等. 伊犁地区部分河流的水质标识指数[J]. 干旱环境监测, 2007, 21(4): 199-204.
	JIANG Min, ZHANG Yan, YAN Xinshu, et al. Water quality identification index in some rivers of Yili district[J]. Arid Environmental Monitoring, 2007, 21(4): 199-204.
[7]	袁国映. 托木尔峰地区人类活动对环境的影响[J]. 地理学报, 1981, 36(4): 413-422. DOI
	YUAN Guoying. Influences of human activities on the environmentin the tuomul area[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1981, 36(4): 413-422. DOI
[8]	赵玉, 董芳慧, 刘影, 等. 特克斯河上游湿地镰叶锦鸡儿群落植物多样性及区系分析[J]. 伊犁师范学院学报(自然科学版), 2017, 11(1): 44-49, 84.
	ZHAO Yu, DONG Fanghui, LIU Ying, et al. Species diversity and flora components of the Caragana aurantiaca community in the upstream of tekes river, xinjaing[J]. Journal of Yili Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2017, 11(1): 44-49, 84.
[9]	王程欣, 刘斐, 陈生熬, 等. 伊犁裂腹鱼生物学特性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(8): 2065-2072. DOI
	WANG Chengxin, LIU Fei, CHEN Sheng’ao, et al. Biological characteristics of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(8): 2065-2072. DOI
[10]	姚娜, 葛建民, 王程欣, 等. 特克斯河斑重唇鱼生态学特征[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1798-1805. DOI
	YAO Na, GE Jianmin, WANG Chengxin, et al. Ecological characteristics of Diptychus maculates in Turks River[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(7): 1798-1805. DOI
[11]	郭焱, 蔡林钢, 吐尔逊, 等. 赛里木湖新疆高原鳅生物学研究[J]. 水产学杂志, 2002, 15(2): 6-11.
	GUO Yan, CAI Lingang, Tuerxun, et al. The study on the biology of T.strauchii (Kessler) in the lake of sailimu[J]. Chinese Journal of Fisheries, 2002, 15(2): 6-11.
[12]	郭焱, 蔡林钢, 阿达可白克, 等. 柴窝堡湖新疆高原鳅生物学特性研究[J]. 水利渔业, 2008, 29(3): 49-50, 79.
	GUO Yan, CAI Lingang, Adakebaike, et al. Study on biological characteristics of Xinjiang Plateau loach in Chaiwobao Lake[J]. Reservoir Fisheries, 2008, 29(3): 49-50, 79.
[13]	殷名称. 鱼类生态学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1995.
	YIN Mingcheng. Fish ecology[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 1995.
[14]	Chizinski C J, Pope K L, Wilde G R, et al. Implications of stunting on morphology of freshwater fishes[J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 2010, 76(3): 564-579. DOI PMID
[15]	Tokaç A, Herrmann B, Gökçe G, et al. Understanding the size selectivity of red mullet (Mullus barbatus) in Mediterranean trawl codends: a study based on fish morphology[J]. Fisheries Research, 2016, 174: 81-93.
[16]	Petrtýl M, Kalous L, MemĪş D. Comparison of manual measurements and computer-assisted image analysis in fish morphometry[J]. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 2014, 38: 88-94.
[17]	刘璐, 周永东, 高天翔. 褐菖鲉不同地理群体的形态学比较研究[J]. 水生态学杂志, 2023, 44(2): 81-88.
	LIU Lu, ZHOU Yongdong, GAO Tianxiang. Comparison of morphological characteristics of marbled rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus) among different geographic populations[J]. Journal of Hydroecology, 2023, 44(2): 81-88.
[18]	张永杰, 陈生熬, 王程欣, 等. 新疆裸重唇鱼不同地理种群形态差异[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(2): 511-520. DOI
	ZHANG Yongjie, CHEN Sheng’ao, WANG Chengxin, et al. Morphological differentiation of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii kessler among different geographical populations[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(2): 511-520. DOI
[19]	Kim J, Lee S, Nguyen P T, et al. Length-weight relationships and condition factors of six notothenioid fish species occurring off King George Island and Northern Victoria Land (Antarctica)[J]. Polar Biology, 2023, 46(10): 1145-1150.
[20]	Bhattacharya P, Banik S. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of the pabo catfish Ompok pabo (Hamilton, 1822) from Tripura, India[J]. Indian Journal of Fisheries, 2012, 59(4): 141-146.
[21]	Özcan G, Altun A. Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Three Endemic and Threatened Freshwater Fishes from Orontes River[J]. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 2015, 47(6): 1637-1643.
[22]	Ricker W E. Computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish populations[J]. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 1975(191): 382-385.
[23]	杨丽亚, 吕红健, 付梅, 等. 三峡库区短颌鲚年龄和生长特性的研究[J]. 水生生物学报, 2022, 46(1): 17-28.
	YANG Liya, LYU Hongjian, FU Mei, et al. Age and growth characteristics of coilia nasus in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2022, 46(1): 17-28.
[24]	曾霖, 唐文乔. 两种无鳞高原鳅年龄鉴定方法探讨[J]. 动物学杂志, 2010, 45(1): 94-103.
	ZENG Lin, TANG Wenqiao. Discussion on age determination methods for two esquamate Triplophysa fishes[J]. Chinese Journal of Zoology, 2010, 45(1): 94-103.
[25]	Russell D J, Thomson F E, Thuesen P A. Age and growth of two newly established invasive populations of Tilapiamariae in northern Australia[J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 2013, 82(4): 1211-1225. DOI PMID
[26]	杨文荣, 郭焱, 蔡林钢, 等. 赛里木湖饵料生物及渔业现状的研究[J]. 水产学杂志, 2000, 13(1): 1-10.
	YANG Wenrong, GUO Yan, CAI Lingang, et al. Research of Fishery sttuation and Feed creature of Sailimu Lake[J]. Chinese Journal of Fisheries, 2000, 13(1): 1-10.
[27]	王新月. 叶尔羌高原鳅年龄、生长、繁殖和种群判别的研究[D]. 阿拉尔: 塔里木大学, 2023.
	WANG Xinyue. Research on the age, growth, reproduction and population discrimination of Triplophysa Yarkandensis[D]. Aral: Tarim University, 2023.
[28]	陈生熬, 姚娜. 塔里木河流域叶尔羌高原鳅的生物学调查[J]. 水生态学杂志, 2008, 29(5): 100-102.
	CHEN Sheng’ao, YAO Na. Research on biological characteristic of the Triplophysa (Hedinichthys)yarkandensis(day)in Tarim River[J]. Journal of Hydroecology, 2008, 29(5): 100-102.
[29]	Lester N P, Shuter B J, Abrams P A. Interpreting the von Bertalanffy model of somatic growth in fishes: the cost of reproduction[J]. Proceedings Biological Sciences, 2004, 271(1548): 1625-1631.
[30]	Katsanevakis S, Maravelias C D. Modelling fish growth: multi-model inference as a better alternative to a priori using von Bertalanffy equation[J]. Fish and Fisheries, 2008, 9(2): 178-187.
[31]	Schofield M R, Barker R J, Taylor P. Modeling individual specific fish length from capture-recapture data using the von Bertalanffy growth curve[J]. Biometrics, 2013, 69(4): 1012-1021. DOI PMID
[32]	陈生熬, 程勇, 范镇明, 等. 塔里木河上游阿拉尔段水质的时空特征[J]. 水生态学杂志, 2014, 35(5): 15-21.
	CHEN Sheng’ao, CHENG Yong, FAN Zhenming, et al. Spatial-temporal characteristics of water quality in the upper reaches of the Tarim River in alar[J]. Journal of Hydroecology, 2014, 35(5): 15-21.
[33]	田娜娜, 杨瑞斌, 谭博真, 等. 西藏哲古措异尾高原鳅年龄、生长及繁殖特性[J]. 中国水产科学, 2022, 29(7): 1013-1021.
	TIAN Nana, YANG Ruibin, TAN Bozhen, et al. Age, growth, and reproductive characteristics of Triplophysa stewarti in Lake Chugutso, Tibet[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2022, 29(7): 1013-1021.

项目 Items	平均值±标准差 Mean±S.D. (mm)	范围 Range (mm)
体重Weight	7.69±4.58	1.18~22.99
全长Overall length	105.22±17.97	62.39~159.77
体长Length	88.69±15.65	51.63~137.09
体高Height	13.63±3.01	5.57~23.64
体宽Body width	10.85±2.31	5.30~21.50
头长Head long	19.42±2.86	9.97~28.82
吻长Kiss long	8.47±3.61	3.68~12.24
眼径Eye diameter	2.67±3.67	1.65~4.15
眼间距Eye spacing	4.47±0.73	2.24~7.43
尾柄长Tail handle long	19.86±4.33	6.94~28.54
尾柄高Tail handle high	4.91±1.05	1.81~8.76
胸鳍长度Pectoral fin length	14.04±2.44	5.71~23.14
腹鳍长度Ventral fin length	12.79±2.40	4.39~31.17
臀鳍长度Arm fin length	12.29±2.88	3.77~18.89

项目 Items	平均值±标准差 Mean±S.D. (mm)	范围 Range (mm)
体重Weight	7.69±4.58	1.18~22.99
全长Overall length	105.22±17.97	62.39~159.77
体长Length	88.69±15.65	51.63~137.09
体高Height	13.63±3.01	5.57~23.64
体宽Body width	10.85±2.31	5.30~21.50
头长Head long	19.42±2.86	9.97~28.82
吻长Kiss long	8.47±3.61	3.68~12.24
眼径Eye diameter	2.67±3.67	1.65~4.15
眼间距Eye spacing	4.47±0.73	2.24~7.43
尾柄长Tail handle long	19.86±4.33	6.94~28.54
尾柄高Tail handle high	4.91±1.05	1.81~8.76
胸鳍长度Pectoral fin length	14.04±2.44	5.71~23.14
腹鳍长度Ventral fin length	12.79±2.40	4.39~31.17
臀鳍长度Arm fin length	12.29±2.88	3.77~18.89

性状比 Trait Ratio	平均值±标准差 Mean±S.D. (mm)	范围 Range (mm)
体长/体高 (Length/ Height)	7.77±1.28	0.61~11.04
体长/头长 (Length/ Head long)	4.66±0.63	0.47~8.93
体长/尾柄长 (Length/ Tail handle long)	5.17±1.01	0.47~14.54
体长/眼径 (Length/Eye diameter)	35.09±8.19	3.32~59.91
头长/眼径 (Head long/Eye diameter)	7.56±1.68	3.82~11.80
头长/尾柄长 (Head long / Tail handle long)	1.11±0.20	0.59~3.03
头长/尾柄高 (Head long/ Tail handle high)	5.27±0.91	2.38~8.52
尾柄长/尾柄高 (Tail handle long / Tail handle high)	4.83±0.97	0.90~7.95
体高/体宽 (Height/Body width)	1.10±0.15	0.76~2.16

性状比 Trait Ratio	平均值±标准差 Mean±S.D. (mm)	范围 Range (mm)
体长/体高 (Length/ Height)	7.77±1.28	0.61~11.04
体长/头长 (Length/ Head long)	4.66±0.63	0.47~8.93
体长/尾柄长 (Length/ Tail handle long)	5.17±1.01	0.47~14.54
体长/眼径 (Length/Eye diameter)	35.09±8.19	3.32~59.91
头长/眼径 (Head long/Eye diameter)	7.56±1.68	3.82~11.80
头长/尾柄长 (Head long / Tail handle long)	1.11±0.20	0.59~3.03
头长/尾柄高 (Head long/ Tail handle high)	5.27±0.91	2.38~8.52
尾柄长/尾柄高 (Tail handle long / Tail handle high)	4.83±0.97	0.90~7.95
体高/体宽 (Height/Body width)	1.10±0.15	0.76~2.16

特克斯河新疆高原鳅生物学特性分析

Research on the biology of Triplophysa strauchiiin Turks River

在线阅读

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 6

参考文献 33

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	唐丽, 李春艳, 贾文浩, 刘振亚, 李亚鹏, 但红侠, 张王斌. 新疆山桃腐烂病病原菌鉴定[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(12): 3089-3096.
[2]	王程欣, 胡令辉, 杨莉婷, 林旭元, 胡伯林, 袁智长, 宋勇, 陈生熬. 塔里木河水系2种裂腹鱼类形态特征和骨骼形态的差异比较[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(10): 2566-2575.
[3]	杨川, 张凯, 陈冰, 张慧, 柳萍, 常松, 盛建东. 棉花植株形态特征对不同水分状况的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(9): 2120-2127.
[4]	姚娜, 葛建民, 王程欣, 宋勇, 陈生熬, 杨浩可, 谢从新, 魏齐. 特克斯河斑重唇鱼生态学特征[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1798-1805.
[5]	张永杰, 陈生熬, 王程欣, 王新月, 李江玲, 谢从新, 魏齐. 新疆裸重唇鱼不同地理种群形态差异[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(2): 511-520.
[6]	李选文, 熊智, 王金华, 周艺萍, 熊忠平. 思茅松毛虫成虫肠道细菌多样性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(9): 2276-2287.
[7]	王程欣, 刘斐, 陈生熬, 杨浩可, 谢从新, 魏齐. 伊犁裂腹鱼生物学特性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(8): 2065-2072.
[8]	丁新华, 阿尔孜姑丽·肉孜, 纪利, 刘帅, 付开赟, 吐尔逊·阿合买提, 郭文超. 马铃薯瓢虫的发生与危害[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(4): 983-989.
[9]	王新月, 任道全, 马良, 陈生熬, 刘茂春, 谢从新. 开都河新疆裸重唇鱼生物学特性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(2): 375-382.
[10]	荆海全, 钟问, 詹发强, 杨蓉, 包慧芳, 侯敏, 龙宣杞. 亮斑扁角水虻形态观察及诱产卵菌的筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(7): 1349-1360.
[11]	徐乐, 冯建荣, 章世奎. 新疆中亚生态群杏品种果实与叶片形态特征相关性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(1): 120-126.
[12]	金珊珊, 王新月, 林欣, 陈生熬, 刘茂春, 谢从新. 新疆开都河长身高原鳅的年龄与生长的关系[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(1): 181-189.
[13]	余春元, 姚娜, 马良, 宋勇, 岳城, 陈生熬. 塔里木河流域上游水库鲤年龄与生长[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(2): 373-380.
[14]	萨吉达木·艾则孜, 麦合木提江·米吉提, 赵志强, 许泰百, 郭庆元. 一种侵染红枣叶片和果实的病原真菌鉴定[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(9): 1682-1688.
[15]	族米娜, 牙森·沙力, 阿孜古丽·阿布力孜, 徐光青, 古丽孜热·曼合木提, 涂雄兵. 新疆部分生态区亚洲飞蝗地理种群形态变异研究[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(5): 888-900.