野生牛肝菌营养成分测定及其多糖的结构分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.10.023

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (10): 2557-2565.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.10.023

• 微生物·畜牧兽医·农业经济 • 上一篇下一篇

野生牛肝菌营养成分测定及其多糖的结构分析

张芯语¹^,²(), 木尼热·木塔力甫¹^,², 叶艺洁¹^,², 冯倩¹^,²^,³, 张志东²()

1.新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.阿克苏地区食品安全检测中心,新疆阿克苏 843000

收稿日期:2024-03-11 出版日期:2024-10-20 发布日期:2024-11-07
通信作者: 张志东(1977-),男,新疆人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为特殊环境微生物及益生菌资源,(E-mail)zhangzheedong@sohu.com
作者简介:张芯语(1999-),女,河南人,硕士研究生,研究方向食品加工与安全,(E-mail)1807835109@qq.com
基金资助:
第三次新疆综合科学考察子课题(2022xjkk1200);新疆农业科学院农业科技创新稳定支持专项(xjnkywdzc-2022005-6);新疆农业科学院农业科技创新平台能力提升建设专项(nkypt005);新疆农业科学院自主培育项目团队建设专项(nkyzztd-001)

Determination of nutrient components and structural analysis of polysaccharides from wild Boletus

ZHANG Xinyu¹^,²(), Munire Mutalifu¹^,², YE Yijie¹^,², FENG Qian¹^,²^,³, ZHANG Zhidong²()

1. College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Urumqi 830091, China
3. Food Safety Testing Center of Aksu Region, Aksu Xinjiang 843000, China

Received:2024-03-11 Published:2024-10-20 Online:2024-11-07
Correspondence author: ZHANG Zhidong (1977-), male, from Xinjiang, researcher, Ph.D.,master's supervisor,research direction: Special environmental microorganisms and probiotic resources, (E-mail) zhangzheedong@sohu.com
Supported by:
Sub-project of the third comprehensive scientific investigation in Xinjiang(2022xjkk1200);The Project of Fund for Stable Support to Agricultural Sci-Tech Renovation(xjnkywdzc-2022005-6);Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Platform Capacity Improvement Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(nkypt005);Agricultural Sciences Independent Cultivation Project Team Construction Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(nkyzztd-001)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究新疆阿克苏地区野生牛肝菌分类地位,分析其营养成分组成和解析主要多糖功能结构,为野生牛肝菌多糖的深入开发及利用提供科学参考。【方法】 利用形态学和分子生物学手段对野生牛肝菌进行鉴定,分析牛肝菌中的营养成分和矿物质进行检测。采用水提醇沉法提取皱皮疣柄牛肝菌粗多糖,并利用DEAE-52纤维素柱层析进行纯化,利用高压液压色谱分析其单糖组成。【结果】 阿克苏地区野生牛肝菌归属为伞菌目,牛肝菌科,疣柄牛肝菌属,分子鉴定为皱皮疣柄牛肝菌(Leccinum duriusculum)。其主要的营养物质为糖类和蛋白质,分别占57.57%和27.32%。通过柱层析联合中压色谱系统分离的手段获得了三种多糖组分为LD-1、LD-2和LD-3,其中LD-1的提取率最高,为78.8%,有较强的水溶性,红外光谱表明其含有糖类化合物,葡萄糖占比最高。【结论】 阿克苏地区野生牛肝菌富含多糖,持水力强。

关键词: 牛肝菌; 营养成分; 矿物质; 多糖; 分离纯化

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to grasp the taxonomic status of Aksu wild Boletus, clarify its nutritional composition and analyze the main polysaccharide functional structure. 【Methods】 Using morphological and molecular biology methods to identify wild Boletus, analyze the nutritional components and minerals in Boletus for detection. The crude polysaccharide of Boletus pumila was extracted using water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, and purified using DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography. Then, its monosaccharide composition was analyzed using high-pressure hydraulic chromatography. 【Results】 The wild Boletus from Aksu belongs to the order Agaricularia, family Boletus, and genus Boletus, and is identified by molecular identification as Leccinum duriusculum. Its main nutrients are sugars and proteins, accounting for 57.57% and 27.32% respectively. Three polysaccharide components were obtained through column chromatography combined with medium pressure chromatography system separation: LD-1, LD-2, and LD-3. Among them, LD-1 had the highest extraction rate of 78.8% and had strong water solubility. Infrared spectroscopy showed that it contained carbohydrate compounds with the highest proportion of glucose. 【Conclusion】 Wild Boletus in Aksu region is rich in polysaccharides and has strong water holding capacity. This result can provide scientific reference for the in-depth development and utilization of wild Boletus polysaccharides.

Key words: Boletus; nutrient composition; mineral elements; polysaccharide; isolation and purification

中图分类号:

S646

张芯语, 木尼热·木塔力甫, 叶艺洁, 冯倩, 张志东. 野生牛肝菌营养成分测定及其多糖的结构分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(10): 2557-2565.

ZHANG Xinyu, Munire Mutalifu, YE Yijie, FENG Qian, ZHANG Zhidong. Determination of nutrient components and structural analysis of polysaccharides from wild Boletus[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(10): 2557-2565.

图/表 9

图1 野生牛肝菌样品形态

Fig.1 Wild boletus sample morphology

图2 皱皮疣柄牛肝菌IS序列的Neighbor-Joining系统发育树

Fig.2 Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree of ITS sequence of Leccinum duriusculum fruiting bodies

图3 蛋白质标准曲线

Fig.3 The standard curve of protein

图4 DEAE-52纤维素柱洗脱曲线

Fig.4 The eluted curve with 0~0.2moL/L NaCl of LEP on DEAE-52 cellulose

图5 不同组分多糖形态:LD(A)、LD-1(B)、LD-2(C)、LD-3(D)

Fig.5 Picture of LD(A)、LD-1(B)、LD-2(C)、LD-3(D)

表1 不同多糖组分的水合性质

Tab.1 Hydration properties of different polysaccharide components

特性 Character	多糖组分 Polysaccharide components
特性 Character	LD-1	LD-2	LD-3
水溶性 Water solubility (%)	61.00±2.5^a	16.33±0.72^c	35.66±1.69^b
持水力 Water holding capacity(g/g)	5.30±0.15^c	24.06±1.53^a	10.50±0.57^b

图6 LD-1、LD-2、LD-3紫外扫描图谱

Fig.6 UV spectra of polysaccharide from LD-1、LD-2、LD-3

图7 各组分多糖IR图谱

Fig.7 FTIR spectra of LD-1(A)、LD-2(B)、LD-3(C)

表2 LD-1单糖组分

Tab.2 LD-1 of Monosaccharide Component

LD-1	葡萄糖 Glucose	鼠李糖 L-rham nose monohy drate	果糖 Fructose	阿拉伯糖 arabi nose	其他单糖 Other simple sugars
质量浓度 Mass concentration (mg/mL)	4.25	0.25	0.16	0.06	0.28
占比 Proportion (%)	85	5	3.2	1.2	5.6

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野生牛肝菌营养成分测定及其多糖的结构分析

Determination of nutrient components and structural analysis of polysaccharides from wild Boletus

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