新疆野生巴尔喀什蘑菇子实体多糖的提取与脱色工艺

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.06.027

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (6): 1527-1534.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.06.027

新疆野生巴尔喀什蘑菇子实体多糖的提取与脱色工艺

努尔孜亚·亚力买买提¹(), 罗影¹, 贾培松¹, 郝敬喆¹(), 贾文捷¹(), 朱琦¹, 梁志豪², 蔺思茹², 赵振蒙²

1.新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2023-12-22 出版日期:2024-06-20 发布日期:2024-08-08
通信作者: 郝敬喆(1970-),男,江苏人,研究员,研究方向为微生物病理学,(E-mail)urmqhjz@qq.com;
贾文捷(1969-),男,河北人,高级农艺师,研究方向为食用菌栽培, (E-mail)1612367472@qq.com
作者简介:努尔孜亚·亚力买买提(1977-),女,新疆伊宁人,副研究员,研究方向为食用菌驯化与栽培, (E-mail)nrzy729@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(32060709);国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(31560577);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-20)

Extraction and decolorization of polysaccharides from fruit body of wild Agaricus balchaschensis in Xinjiang

Nuerziya Yalimaimaiti¹(), LUO Ying¹, JIA Peisong¹, HAO Jingzhe¹(), JIA Wenjie¹(), ZHU Qi¹, LIANG Zhihao², LIN Siru²

1. Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China
2. College of Agricalture Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2023-12-22 Published:2024-06-20 Online:2024-08-08
Correspondence author: HAO Jingzhe (1970-), researcher, research direction: micropathology,( E-mail) urmqhjz@qq.com;
JIA Wenjie (1969-), senior agronomist, research direction: Edible fungi, (E-mail)1612367472@qq.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation Projects(32060709);National Natural Science Foundation Projects(31560577);Earmarked Fund for CARS(CARS-20)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆野生巴尔喀什蘑菇子实体粗多糖提取及多糖脱色工艺,为新疆野生巴尔喀什蘑菇多糖的纯化及深度开发提供理论依据和技术支持。【方法】釆用热水提醇沉法提取巴尔喀什蘑菇子实体粗多糖,研究提取温度、时间、次数对巴尔喀什蘑菇多糖得率的影响;选择脱色时间、脱色温度、活性炭和H₂O₂含量为影响因子,以多糖脱色率为研究指标,采用正交试验优化巴尔喀什蘑菇多糖脱色工艺,确定最佳脱色工艺条件。【结果】热水提醇沉法提取巴尔喀什菇子实体粗多糖的最佳工艺条件:提取时间6 h、提取温度60℃、提取次数2次,在此条件下巴尔喀什菇子实体粗多糖得率为15.6%。活性炭最佳脱色工艺为活性炭用量 25%、脱色温度 60℃、脱色时间45 min、pH值 3,在此条件下脱色率为80.4%;双氧水最佳脱色工艺为H₂O₂含量10%、脱色温度60℃、脱色时间3 h、pH值9,在此条件下脱色率为86.23%。【结论】利用热水提醇沉法提取巴尔喀什蘑菇粗多糖工艺具有实际应用价值。H₂O₂脱色法和活性炭脱色法对巴尔喀什蘑菇多糖的脱色效果受不同工艺条件的影响差异较大,H₂O₂脱色率比活性炭脱色率高,是巴尔喀什蘑菇多糖脱色的可行方法。

关键词: 巴尔喀什蘑菇; 多糖提取; 活性炭脱色; 双氧水(H₂O₂)脱色

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the extraction and decolorization process of crude polysaccharides from fruit body of wild Agaricus balchaschensis in Xinjiang, and provide theoretical basis and technical support for its in-depth development. 【Methods】 This study adopted ethanol subsiding to extract the fruit body polysaccharides of wild A. balchaschensisin, and explored the influence of extraction temperature, time and frequency on the yield of polysaccharides from A. balchaschensisin. With the decolorization time, decolorization temperature, content of activated carbon and H₂O₂ as influencing factors and the decolorization rate of polysaccharides as research index, the study optimized the decolorization process of polysaccharides from A. balchaschensisin through orthogonal test, so as to determine the optimal decolorization conditions. 【Results】 According to the results, the optimal conditions for extracting fruit body polysaccharides of wild A. balchaschensis by ethanol subsiding were 6 h extraction time, 60℃ extraction temperature, and 2 times extraction, under which the yield of fruit body polysaccharides of wild A.balchaschensisin was 15.6%. The optimal decolorization process for activated carbon was 25% activated carbon, 60℃ decolorization temperature, and 45 min decolorization time at pH3, under which the decolorization rate was 80.4%. The optimal decolorization process for hydrogen peroxide was 10% H₂O₂ content, 60℃ decolorization temperature, and 3 h decolorization time at pH 9, under which the decolorization rate was 86.23%. 【Conclusion】 This technology has verified the feasibility and practical value of applying ethanol subsiding to extract fruit body polysaccharides of wild A.balchaschensis in and the effects of H₂O₂ and activated carbon decolorization methods on the decolorization of polysaccharides from A. balchaschensis varied greatly under different process conditions. The former has a higher decolorization rate than the latter and is feasible for the decolorization of polysaccharides from A.balchaschensisin.

Key words: Agaricus balchaschensis; carbon; hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂ ) decolorization

中图分类号:

S646

努尔孜亚·亚力买买提, 罗影, 贾培松, 郝敬喆, 贾文捷, 朱琦, 梁志豪, 蔺思茹, 赵振蒙. 新疆野生巴尔喀什蘑菇子实体多糖的提取与脱色工艺[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(6): 1527-1534.

Nuerziya Yalimaimaiti, LUO Ying, JIA Peisong, HAO Jingzhe, JIA Wenjie, ZHU Qi, LIANG Zhihao, LIN Siru. Extraction and decolorization of polysaccharides from fruit body of wild Agaricus balchaschensis in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(6): 1527-1534.

图/表 10

表1 活性炭脱色正交试验水平因素

Tab.1 Activated carbon decolorization orthogonal experimenta level factor table

水平 Level	因素(Factors)
水平 Level	活性炭用量:A Activated carbon dosage (%)	时间:B Time (min)	温度: C Temperature (℃)	pH值:D pH value
1	25	35	50	2
2	30	45	60	3
3	35	55	70	4

表2 H2O2脱色正交试验水平因素

Tab.2 Hydrogen peroxide decolorization orthogonal experiment level factor table

水平 Level	因素Factors
水平 Level	温度(℃) Temperature A	时间(min) Time B	pH值 pH value C	H₂O₂ 浓度(%) H₂O₂ concentration D
1	50	1	9	8
2	60	2	10	10
3	70	3	11	12

图1 不同条件下多糖提取的变化

Fig.1 Changes of different conditions onpolysaccharide extraction

图2 葡萄糖标准曲线

Fig.2 Glucose standard curve

图3 不同活性炭用量下巴尔喀什蘑菇多糖脱色的变化

Fig.3 Changes of different amount of activated carbon on the decolorization of agaricus balchaschensis

图4 不同温度下巴尔喀什蘑菇多糖脱色的变化

Fig.4 Changes of different temperature on decolorization of agaricus balchaschensis

图5 不同时间下巴尔喀什蘑菇多糖脱色的变化

Fig.5 Changes of different time on the decolorization of agaricus balchaschensis

图6 不同pH值下巴尔喀什蘑菇多糖脱色的变化

Fig 6 Changes of different pH on decolorization of agaricus balchaschensis

表3 活性炭脱色正交试验

Tab.3 Decolorization of activated carbon Orthogonal experimental results

序号 Number	活性炭 Activated carbon (A)	时间 Time (B)	温度 Temperature (C)	pH值 pH value (D)	脱色率 Decolori zation rate(%)
1	1	1	1	1	54.16
2	1	2	2	2	80.40
3	1	3	3	3	53.40
4	2	1	2	3	70.65
5	2	2	3	1	48.21
6	2	3	1	2	66.31
7	3	1	3	2	51.97
8	3	2	1	3	74.19
9	3	3	2	1	50.71
K₁	62.65	58.93	64.89	51.03
K₂	61.72	67.60	67.25	66.23
K₃	58.95	58.81	51.19	66.08
R	3.70	8.79	16.06	15.20

表4 H2O2脱色正交试验

Tab.4 Hydrogen peroxide decolorization orthogonal experimental results

序号 Num- ber	温度 Temper- ature (A)	时间 Time (B)	pH值 pH value (C)	H₂O₂ (D)	脱色率 Decolorization rate(%)
1	1	1	1	1	63.83
2	1	2	2	2	78.05
3	1	3	3	3	79.5
4	2	1	2	3	70.36
5	2	2	3	1	81.09
6	2	3	1	2	86.23
7	3	1	3	2	63.32
8	3	2	1	3	76.89
9	3	3	2	1	76.59
K₁	73.93	65.84	75.65	74.84
K₂	79.23	78.69	75	75.87
K₃	72.27	81.11	74.64	75.58
R	6.96	15.27	1.01	1.03

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新疆野生巴尔喀什蘑菇子实体多糖的提取与脱色工艺

Extraction and decolorization of polysaccharides from fruit body of wild Agaricus balchaschensis in Xinjiang

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