189份引进棉花种质资源农艺性状与品质性状的遗传多样性分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.12.002

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (12): 2870-2878.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.12.002

• 作物遗传育种·耕作栽培·种质资源 • 上一篇下一篇

189份引进棉花种质资源农艺性状与品质性状的遗传多样性分析

杨延龙¹(), 马志刚², 吾买尔江·库尔班³, 汪鹏龙³, 玛依拉·玉素音¹, 李春平¹, 阳妮¹, 马君¹, 师维军¹

1.新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆农业科学院国际科技合作交流处,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆农业科学院库车陆地棉试验站,新疆库车 842000

收稿日期:2021-01-21 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2023-01-30
通信作者: 师维军(1963-),男,研究员,研究方向为棉花种质资源,(E-mail)swjun@xaas.ac.cn;
马君(1983-),男,副研究员,研究方向为棉花种质资源,(E-mail)xj.majun@163.com
作者简介:杨延龙(1989-),男,甘肃永昌人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为棉花种质资源,(E-mail)yangyl0629@163.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项课题“棉花种质资源收集与优异基因挖掘关键技术研究”(2022A03004-2);新疆维吾尔自治区自治区重大科技专项课题“机采棉新品种培育及技术示范”(2021A02001-4)

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Agronomic and Quality Traits of 189 Cotton Germplasm Resources

YANG Yanlong¹(), MA Zhigang², Wumaierjiang Kuerban³, WANG Penglong³, Mayila Yusuyin¹, LI Chunping¹, YANG Ni¹, MA Jun¹, SHI Weijun¹

1. Research Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
2. Office for International Scientific and Technological Cooperation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
3. Upland Cotton Experiment Station in Kuqa Couinty, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kuqa Xinjiang 842000, China

Received:2021-01-21 Published:2022-12-20 Online:2023-01-30
Correspondence author: SHI Weijun(1963-), male, research fellow. Research area: Cotton germplasm resources and related research. (E-mail)swjun@xaas.ac.cn;
MA Jun(1983-), male, associate research fellow. Research area: Cotton germplasm resources and related research. (E-mail)xj.majun@163.com
Supported by:
Major Science and Technology Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Study on the Key Techniques of Cotton Germplasm Resource Collection and Excellent Gene”(2022A03004-2);Major Science and Technology Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, "Cultivation and Technology Demonstration of New Varieties of Machine-picked Cotton"(2021A02001-4)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 分析研究189份引进棉花种质资源农艺性状与品质性状的遗传多样性,为新疆棉花育种及创新种质资源提供资源基础。 【方法】 选取引进的189份棉花种质资源的6个农艺性状和5个纤维品质性状,进行遗传多样性、相关性、主成分和聚类分析,鉴定、筛选优良性状的棉花种质资源材料。【结果】 189份棉花种质在农艺性状与品质性状上均表现出丰富的遗传多样性,6个农艺性状的变异系数在4.669%~11.877%,平均为8.712 %;5个品质性状的变异系数在1.369%~9.311%,平均为6.136%。各性状间表现出较为复杂的相关关系,同步改良棉花关键性状指标有难度;主成分分析将11个性状简化为4个主成分,累计贡献率达72.740%,各主成分反映生育期、株高等生物学特征与单铃重、衣分、上半部平均长度、马克隆值等经济性状之间的相互关系,各性状协同配合有利于各性状的同步提高。将189份棉花种质资源进行系统聚类,在遗传距离为10.0时所有材料被划分为 7个类群,各类群性状特征差异明显。【结果】 189份棉花种质资源第Ⅲ类群、第Ⅵ类群和第Ⅶ类群中马克隆值的均值分别为4.17、4.03和4.08,均达到A级标准。

关键词: 棉花; 种质资源; 遗传多样性; 农艺性状; 品质性状

Abstract:

【Objective】 Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Agronomic and Quality Traits of 189 Cotton Germplasm Resources enrich the diversity of cotton germplasm resources a certain resource base for cotton breeding and germplasm innovation in Xinjiang. 【Methods】 The genetic diversity, correlation, principal component and cluster analysis of 6 agronomic traits and 5 fiber quality traits of 189 cotton germplasm resources were carried out to identify and screen cotton germplasm resources with excellent traits.【Results】 showed that 189 cotton germplasms rich genetic diversity in both agronomic and quality traits. The variation coefficients of 6 agronomic traits ranged from 4.669% to 11.877%, with an average of 8.712%; variation of 5 quality traits range from 1.369% to 9.311%, with an average of 6.136%. The correlation and principal component analyses on agronomic and quality traits showed that the complex correlations among the traits increased the difficulty for simultaneously improving the key traits of cotton. Principal component analysis simplified 11 traits into 4 components with a cumulative contribution rate of 72.740%. These 4 principal components indicate the relationships between biological characteristics (e.g., growth period, plant height) and economic traits (e.g., single boll weight, lint, average length of the upper half, and micronaire value). Synergistic cooperation beneficial to the simultaneous improvement of all traits. The 189 cotton germplasm resources were systematically clustered. When the genetic distance was 10, all materials were divided into 7 groups, and the characteristics of each group were significantly different. 【Conclusion】 It is worth noting that the mean values of micronaires of group III, group VI and group VII 189 cotton germplasm resources are 4.17, 4.03 and 4.08 respectively, all of which have reached the A-level standard.

Key words: cotton; germplasm resources; agronomic trait; quality traits; qenetic diversity

中图分类号:

S562

杨延龙, 马志刚, 吾买尔江·库尔班, 汪鹏龙, 玛依拉·玉素音, 李春平, 阳妮, 马君, 师维军. 189份引进棉花种质资源农艺性状与品质性状的遗传多样性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(12): 2870-2878.

YANG Yanlong, MA Zhigang, Wumaierjiang Kuerban, WANG Penglong, Mayila Yusuyin, LI Chunping, YANG Ni, MA Jun, SHI Weijun. Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Agronomic and Quality Traits of 189 Cotton Germplasm Resources[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(12): 2870-2878.

图/表 5

参考文献 30

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性状 Traits	平均值 Mean	最大值 Maximum	最小值 Maximum	极差 Range	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV(%)
生育期Growing period	131.841	150.000	119.000	31.000	6.155	4.669
株高Plant heightH	62.948	83.300	44.300	39.000	7.382	11.727
第一果枝节位Fruit branch position	5.330	6.750	3.800	2.950	0.633	11.877
单铃重Boll weight	6.217	7.297	4.907	2.391	0.496	7.970
衣分Lint percentage	37.990	46.658	33.148	13.510	2.585	6.804
籽指Seed index	11.272	14.35	9.075	5.275	1.040	9.225
上半部平均长度Upper half mean length	29.244	33.300	26.300	7.000	1.396	4.772
整齐度指数Regularity degree	83.938	86.550	79.500	7.050	1.149	1.369
断裂比强度Fiber strength	27.763	32.650	24.250	8.400	1.671	6.018
马克隆值Micronaire value	4.241	4.950	2.950	2.000	0.391	9.211
伸长率Elongation ratio	6.917	10.350	5.450	4.900	0.644	9.311

性状 Traits	平均值 Mean	最大值 Maximum	最小值 Maximum	极差 Range	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV(%)
生育期Growing period	131.841	150.000	119.000	31.000	6.155	4.669
株高Plant heightH	62.948	83.300	44.300	39.000	7.382	11.727
第一果枝节位Fruit branch position	5.330	6.750	3.800	2.950	0.633	11.877
单铃重Boll weight	6.217	7.297	4.907	2.391	0.496	7.970
衣分Lint percentage	37.990	46.658	33.148	13.510	2.585	6.804
籽指Seed index	11.272	14.35	9.075	5.275	1.040	9.225
上半部平均长度Upper half mean length	29.244	33.300	26.300	7.000	1.396	4.772
整齐度指数Regularity degree	83.938	86.550	79.500	7.050	1.149	1.369
断裂比强度Fiber strength	27.763	32.650	24.250	8.400	1.671	6.018
马克隆值Micronaire value	4.241	4.950	2.950	2.000	0.391	9.211
伸长率Elongation ratio	6.917	10.350	5.450	4.900	0.644	9.311

性状 Traits	生育期 Growing period	株高 Plant height	第一果枝节位 fruit branch position	单铃重 Boll weight	衣分 Lint percentage	籽指 Seed index	上半部平均长度 Upper half mean length	整齐度指数 Regularity degree	断裂比强度 Fiber strength	马克隆值 Micronaire value
株高 Plant height	0.390^**
第一果枝节位 Fruit branch position	0.628^**	0.322^**
单铃重 Boll weight	0.055	-0.083	-0.062
衣分 Lint percentage	-0.284^**	-0.117	-0.219^**	-0.395^**
籽指 Seed index	0.468^**	0.048	0.420^**	0.427^**	-0.606^**
上半部平均长 Upper half mean length	0.662^**	0.302^**	0.561^**	-0.005	-0.201^**	0.438^**
整齐度指数 Regularity degree	0.388^**	0.121	0.347^**	-0.015	-0.052	0.379^**	0.610^**
断裂比强度 Fiber strength	0.431^**	0.081	0.332^**	0.071	-0.183^*	0.372^**	0.724^**	0.512^**
马克隆值 Micronaire value	-0.181^*	-0.047	-0.014	0.041	0.196^**	0.094	-0.224^**	0.052	-0.192^**
伸长率 Elongation ratio	0.213^**	0.276^**	0.273^**	-0.164^*	-0.060	-0.078	0.140	0.169^*	-0.139	-0.065

性状 Traits	生育期 Growing period	株高 Plant height	第一果枝节位 fruit branch position	单铃重 Boll weight	衣分 Lint percentage	籽指 Seed index	上半部平均长度 Upper half mean length	整齐度指数 Regularity degree	断裂比强度 Fiber strength	马克隆值 Micronaire value
株高 Plant height	0.390^**
第一果枝节位 Fruit branch position	0.628^**	0.322^**
单铃重 Boll weight	0.055	-0.083	-0.062
衣分 Lint percentage	-0.284^**	-0.117	-0.219^**	-0.395^**
籽指 Seed index	0.468^**	0.048	0.420^**	0.427^**	-0.606^**
上半部平均长 Upper half mean length	0.662^**	0.302^**	0.561^**	-0.005	-0.201^**	0.438^**
整齐度指数 Regularity degree	0.388^**	0.121	0.347^**	-0.015	-0.052	0.379^**	0.610^**
断裂比强度 Fiber strength	0.431^**	0.081	0.332^**	0.071	-0.183^*	0.372^**	0.724^**	0.512^**
马克隆值 Micronaire value	-0.181^*	-0.047	-0.014	0.041	0.196^**	0.094	-0.224^**	0.052	-0.192^**
伸长率 Elongation ratio	0.213^**	0.276^**	0.273^**	-0.164^*	-0.060	-0.078	0.140	0.169^*	-0.139	-0.065

性状 Traits	因子1 Factor 1	因子2 Factor 2	因子1 Factor 1	因子1 Factor 1
生育期Growing period	0.815	0.142	-0.141	-0.035
株高Plant height	0.390	0.407	-0.444	0.036
第一果枝节位Fruit branch position	0.725	0.231	-0.167	0.193
单铃重Boll weight	0.157	-0.767	-0.209	0.045
衣分Lint percentage	-0.465	0.548	0.470	0.194
籽指Seed index	0.684	-0.554	-0.088	0.228
上半部平均长度Upper half mean length	0.870	0.166	0.255	-0.103
整齐度指数Regularity degree	0.648	0.139	0.391	0.269
断裂比强度Fiber strength	0.696	-0.069	0.528	-0.196
马克隆值Micronaire value	-0.181	-0.097	0.069	0.935
伸长率Elongation ratio	0.206	0.525	-0.533	0.110
特征值Characteristic value	3.788	1.771	1.303	1.140
贡献率Contributions rate(%)	34.433	16.099	11.846	10.362
累计贡献率Accumulative contributions rate(%)	34.433	50.532	62.378	72.740

189份引进棉花种质资源农艺性状与品质性状的遗传多样性分析

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Agronomic and Quality Traits of 189 Cotton Germplasm Resources

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Metrics

性状 Traits	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅳ	Ⅴ	Ⅵ	Ⅶ
生育期Growing period	129.775	130.143	137.974	127.625	121.333	141.909	147.000
株高Plant height	61.756	74.886	66.934	52.002	64.867	76.336	56.525
第一果枝节位 Fruit branch position	5.135	5.293	5.825	5.077	5.167	6.100	6.025
单铃重Boll weight	6.296	6.153	6.227	6.216	5.467	5.894	5.877
衣分Lint percentage	37.889	39.001	37.171	38.282	43.433	37.644	39.991
籽指Seed index	11.216	10.714	11.867	11.064	10.433	11.218	11.688
上半部平均长度 Upper half mean length	28.899	29.364	30.593	28.339	27.600	30.168	31.025
整齐度指数 Regularity degree	83.699	84.079	84.587	83.756	82.633	84.364	84.875
断裂比强度 Fiber strength	27.506	28.164	28.793	27.328	25.500	27.482	30.025
马克隆值 Micronaire value	4.269	4.436	4.166	4.284	4.567	4.032	4.075
伸长率 Elongation ratio	6.855	6.954	7.025	6.800	6.667	7.664	6.750

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