Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 1666-1679.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.07.013

• Horticultural Special Local Products·Forestry·Physiology and Biochemistry • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Physiological Response to Complex Saline-alkali and Its Tolerance Capacity Evaluation of Grape Rootstocks at Seedling Stage

BAI Shijian(), HU Jinge, LI Chao, CAI Junshe(), WANG Yong, ZHAO Ronghua, CHEN Guang   

  1. Research Institute of Grape and Melon Fruits in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Shanshan Xinjiang 838200,China
  • Received:2021-09-13 Online:2022-07-20 Published:2022-08-04
  • Correspondence author: CAI Junshe
  • Supported by:
    China Agriculture Research System(CARS-29-26)

葡萄砧木苗期对混合盐碱的生理响应及耐盐碱性评价

白世践(), 户金鸽, 李超, 蔡军社(), 王勇, 赵荣华, 陈光   

  1. 新疆维吾尔自治区葡萄瓜果研究所,新疆鄯善 838200
  • 通讯作者: 蔡军社
  • 作者简介:白世践(1986 -),男,云南石屏人,高级农艺师,研究方向为葡萄种质资源评价与栽培,(E-mail) 594748964@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-29-26)

Abstract:

【Objective】 The objective of this study is to explore the physiological response of 9 grape rootstocks to saline-alkaline stress at seedling stage and evaluate the tolerance capacity of grapes rootstocks to complex saline-alkaline stress and to screen salt-tolerant accessions for cultivation of salt-alkali lands and provide theoretical basis for the application of grape rootstocks in this kind of field. 【Methods】 The 9 rootstocks(SO4,5BB,3309M,110R,101-14 MG,V.riparia‘Hean-7', St.George,5C and 1103P) were cultivated in pots in a controlled environment chamber,two neutral salt(NaCl and Na2SO4)and one alkali salts(NaHCO3)were mixed with mole ratio of 1:2:1 to simulate typical saline-alkaline stress,the solution supplemented with 100 mmol/L saline-alkaline mixture was as the treatment,the water without exogenous saline-alkaline was used as the control.After that, plant growth,photosynthetic characteristics,leaf and root physiological indexed were measured.The saline-alkaline resistance of rootstocks accessions was evaluated by principal component analysis(PCA)and clustering analysis(CA). 【Results】 The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of 5BB,110R,5C,101-14MG and 1103P decreased significantly under mixed salt-alkali stress treatment(100 mmol/L,NaCl∶Na2SO4 ∶NaHCO3=1∶2∶1),Net photosynthetic reduction of 110R,5C,101-14MG,1103P were larger than those of others,stomtal conductance reduction of 110R,5C,1103P,St. George were larger than those of others,the same as intercellular carbon dioxide concentration of 110R,5C,1103P,St. George.Chlorophyll mass fraction,weight of a single leaf,plant dry weight of shoots,root dry weight,total root length,root surface area,root volume and root vigor were significantly decreased.Chlorophyll mass fraction of V.riparia‘Hean-7' was less than those of others,growth indicators of V.riparia‘Hean-7' and 5BB were less than those of others,root growth index of V.riparia‘Hean-7' and 3309M were less than those of others,root vigor of 3309M,V.riparia‘Hean-7' and 101-14MG were less than others,all less than 30%,Other indicators varied from species to species,relative water content reduction of 1103P was maximum,the relative electrical conductivity and MDA reduction of 33309M and 101-14 were more than others,the relative electrical conductivity and MDA of V.riparia‘Hean-7' and 5C changed mildly.Principal component analysis was used to analyze 11 indicators tolerance of mixed saline-alkaline coefficients with different rootstocks,and the 11 individual indicators were converted into 5 independent of each other and comprehensive indicators,representing 93.315% of the complete information.The 9 grape rootstocks accessions were sorted into strongly tolerant to saline-alkaline stress,medium tolerance and lower tolerance groups based on principal component analysis(PCA)and clustering analysis (CA). 【Conclusion】 V.riparia‘Hean-7' is strongly tolerance to saline-alkaline stress,5BB,5C, St. George and 3309M are of medium tolerance,SO4, 1103P, 101-14MG and 110R have the characteristics of lower tolerance.

Key words: grape rootstock; salt-alkali tolerance capacity; physiological response; principal component analysis

摘要:

【目的】研究葡萄砧木品种苗期对混合盐碱胁迫的生理响应,评价不同葡萄砧木耐盐碱性,筛选强耐盐碱品种。【方法】以SO4、5BB、3309M、110R、101-14 MG、河岸7号、St.George、5C、1103P等9个葡萄砧木苗为试材,采用盆栽技术,定期浇灌混合盐碱液(100 mmol/L,NaCl∶Na2SO4∶NaHCO3 =1∶2∶1)进行盐碱胁迫,浇灌清水为对照,研究混合盐碱胁迫对叶片光合特性、植株生长及叶片、根系生理指标的影响,根据混合盐碱胁迫和浇灌清水条件下各项指标的耐混合盐碱系数,采用主成分分析、聚类分析方法综合评价葡萄砧木品种耐盐碱性。【结果】在混合盐碱液(100 mmol/L,NaCl∶Na2SO4 ∶NaHCO3=1∶2∶1)胁迫处理下,5BB、110R、5C、101-14MG和1103P净光合速率均显著降低,以110R、5C、101-14MG、1103P降幅较大;110R、5C、1103P、St.George气孔导度降幅较大,胞间CO2浓度升幅也较大。各葡萄砧木叶绿素质量分数、单叶质量、新梢干物质、总根长、根系表面积、根系活力与对照相比均显著降低。叶绿素质量分数以河岸7号降幅最小;植株生长指标以河岸7号和5BB降幅较小;根系生长指标以河岸7号、3309M降幅较小;根系活力以3309M、河岸7号、101-14MG降幅较小,均在30%以下。其他指标各品种间表现各异;相对含水量以1103P降幅最大;叶片相对电导率以3309M、101-14MG升幅较大,丙二醛含量升幅也较大,河岸7号、5C变幅较小。不同砧木品种11个混合盐碱系数指标转换为5个相互独立的综合指标,提取信息量达93.315%,9个葡萄砧木品种按照耐盐碱性的强弱分为3类。第Ⅰ类属于强耐盐碱型。第Ⅱ类属于中度耐盐碱型,第Ⅲ类属于不耐盐碱型。【结论】河岸7号属于强耐盐碱品种,5BB、5C、St.George 、3309M属于中度耐盐碱品种,SO4、1103P、101-14MG、110R属于不耐盐碱品种。

关键词: 葡萄砧木, 耐盐碱性, 生理响应, 主成分分析

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