贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JTB8-2对加工番茄促生作用及其安全性评价

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.05.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆加工番茄田土壤中获得的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JTB8-2对加工番茄促生作用和安全性。【方法】采用种子催芽、穴盘育苗和盆栽试验方法。【结果】贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JTB8-2菌株发酵菌液25、50和100倍稀释液处理的加工番茄植株株高、茎粗、茎鲜重和根鲜重均显著高于空白对照;菌株JTB8-2发酵液25倍液、50倍液和100倍液处理的番茄植株茎鲜重显著高于NB培养基25倍液、50倍液、100倍液和空白对照;菌株JTB8-2菌株发酵液原液对20种作物种子萌发和芽生长具有抑制作用,25倍及以上稀释液对作物种子萌发和芽生长无影响。【结论】贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JTB8-2菌株发酵液能够促进番茄植株生长,其发酵液原液不宜做作物浸种处理,发酵液25倍及以上稀释液可以浸种。

关键词: 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌; 加工番茄; 促生作用; 安全评价

Abstract:

【Objective】 This project aims to make clear the growth-promoting effects and security of B.velezensis JTB8-2 obtained from local processed tomato fields in Xinjiang. 【Method】 The study was carried out by seed germination promotion,hole tray seedling and pot cultivation. 【Results】 The seedling test results showed that the plant height, stem diameter, stem fresh weight and root fresh weight of processed tomato treated with 25, 50 and 100 times dilution of fermentation broth of B.velezensis JTB8-2 were significantly higher than those of blank control. The results of pot experiment showed that the fresh weight of tomato stem treated by fermentation solution 25 times, 50 times and 100 times was significantly higher than those treated by NB medium 25 times, 50 times and 100 times and blank control. The results of seed germination test showed that the original fermentation liquid of strain JTB8-2 had inhibitory effect on seed germination and bud growth of 20 crops, but the dilution liquid of 25 times or more had no effect on seed germination and bud growth of crops. 【Conclusion】 It is safe for seed germination and bud growth of crops to dilute fermentation broth 25 times or more, and the fermentation broth of B.velezensis JTB8-2 can promote the growth of tomato plants. The strain has the potential to be developed into a growth-promoting bacterium of processed tomato and more crops.

Key words: Bacillus velezensis; processed tomatoes; growth promoting effect; safety evaluation

中图分类号:

S188
S641.3

何伟, 罗文芳, 周军辉, 许建军, 孙晓军. 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JTB8-2对加工番茄促生作用及其安全性评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1260-1269.

HE Wei, LUO Wenfang, YU Zhenhua, XU Jianjun, SUN Xiaojun. Growth Promoting Effect and Safety Evaluation of Bacillus velezensis JTB8-2 on Processed Tomato[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(5): 1260-1269.

图/表 6

图1 不同处理番茄根部生长比较

Fig.1 Tomato root growth under different treatments

图2 不同处理番茄植株生长情况

Fig.2 Tomato plant growth under different treatments

表1 不同处理番茄植株生长比较

Table 1 Comparison of tomato plant growth under different treatments

处理 Treatment	稀释倍数 Diluted multiples	株高 Plant height(cm)	茎粗 Thick stems(mm)	茎鲜重 Stem fresh weight(g)	根鲜重 Root fresh weight(g)
JTB8-2	25倍液	10.2±0.16^b	2.57±0.04^b	1.61±0.05^ab	38.90±1.48^b
	50倍液	10.76±0.14^a	2.69±0.03^a	1.65±0.06^a	42.80±1.26^a
	100倍液	8.98±0.15^c	2.34±0.06^c	1.5±0.04^b	34.83±0.87^c
宁盾 Ningdun	25倍液	8.72±0.17^cd	2.43±0.05^bc	1.58±0.04^ab	33.33±0.96^cd
	50倍液	8.32±0.15^d	2.45±0.06^bc	1.47±0.03^b	30.67±0.96^e
	100倍液	8.39±0.10^d	2.46±0.05^bc	1.48±0.04^b	31.73±0.81^de
CK	清水	6.97±0.08^e	2.11±0.05^d	1.32±0.04^c	14.07±0.55^f

图3 菌株发酵液对加工番茄植株促生效果

Fig.3 Effect of strain fermentation liquid on tomato plant growth promotion

表2 不同处理茎鲜重和根鲜重对比

Table 2 Results of pot experiment with different treatments

处理 Treat ment	稀释倍数 Diluted multiples	茎鲜重 Stem fresh weight (g)	根鲜重 Root fresh weight (g)
JTB8-2	25倍	278.18±6.46^a	31.89±1.42^a
	50倍	279.63±8.16^a	31.86±1.86^a
	100倍	265.7±11.89^a	30.78±1.17^a
宁盾 Ningdun	25倍	267.27±9.93^a	30.47±0.68^a
	50倍	265.15±11.56^a	30.15±1.10^ab
	100倍	256.09±10.85^a	29.40±0.80^ab
NB	25倍	216.03±12.74^b	27.15±0.98^b
	50倍	210.38±10.56^b	27.29±0.88^b
	100倍	209.78±10.95^b	26.81±1.05^b
CK	清水	217.80±6.22^b	27.60±0.70^b

表3 不同浓度菌株发酵液处理下作物种子萌发率和芽长变化

Table 3 Seed germination rate and bud length of crops treated with fermentation broth of different concentrations of strains

作物种类 Crop species	品种 Varieties			处理 Treatment		发芽率 Germination rate (%)		芽长 Buds long (mm)
白菜 Cabbage	铁根958			原液		10.83±2.20^b		0.11±0.01^c
				25倍		97.5±0^a		1.73±0.28^b
				50倍		90.83±1.67^a		2.68±0.09^a
				100倍		96.67±2.20^a		2.62±0.10^a
				CK		96.67±1.67^a		1.72±0.04^b
豇豆 Cowpeas	绿霸王			原液		6.67±3.33^b		0.25±0^b
				25倍		70±2.89^a		2.29±0.09^a
				50倍		78.33±7.26^a		2.37±0.42^a
				100倍		76.67±3.33^a		2.43±0.17^a
				CK		70±2.89^a		2.20±0.19^a
四季豆 Cooked kidney	绿宝架豆			原液		0^d		0^b
				25倍		38.33±4.41^b		1.20±0.14^a
				50倍		30±5.77^b		1.0±0.24^a
				100倍		36.67±8.33^b		1.31±0.23^a
				CK		53.33±7.26^a		1.25±0.21^a
作物种类 Crop species		品种 Varieties		处理 Treatment		发芽率 Germination rate(%)		芽长 Buds long(mm)
菠菜 Spinach		顶峰王		原液		0^b		0^b
				25倍		22.5±11.27^a		0.42±0.19^a
				50倍		24.17±5.07^a		0.32±0.09^a
				100倍		26.67±1.67^a		0.45±0.17^a
				CK		25±7.22^a		0.39±0.14^a
油麦菜 Leaf lettuce		四季香		原液		0^b		0^b
				25倍		10.83±3.00^a		3.11±0.40^a
				50倍		10.5±2.5^a		2.15±0.45^a
				100倍		10.5±1.44^a		3±0.25^a
				CK		12.5±1.44^a		2.71±0.17^a
丝瓜 Loofah		香玉白		原液		5±2.89^b		0.17±0.09^b
				25倍		15±5.77^a		3.42±1.35^a
				50倍		8.33±4.41^ab		4.73±2.43^a
				100倍		15±5^a		7.76±3.32^a
				CK		16.67±8.33^a		2.4±1.2^a
绿豆 Mung bean		新引3号		原液		25±2.89^c		0.21±0.03^b
				25倍		75±2.89^b		0.71±0.06^a
				50倍		80±5.7 $7 a b$		0.57±0.06^a
				100倍		86.67±6.01^a		0.70±0.05^a
				CK		81.67±1.67^a		0.59±0.04^a
花生 Peanut		吉花2号		原液		3.33±1.67^b		-
				25倍		86.67±1.67^a		-
				50倍		86.67±1.67^a		-
				100倍		88.33±4.01^a		-
				CK		88.33±3.33^a		-
玉米 Corn		新玉108		原液		16.67±6.67^b		0.31±0.02^b
				25倍		71.67±3.33^a		0.90±0.06^a
				50倍		70±5.77^a		1.00±0.06^a
				100倍		66.67±12.02^a		0.89±0.10^a
				CK		70±0^a		1.07±0.11^a
向日葵 Sunflower		祥林568		原液		30±13.23^b		0.33±0.09^b
				25倍		73.33±1.67^a		1.12±0.29^a
				50倍		68.33±3.33^a		1.65±0.10^a
				100倍		66.67±3.33^a		1.28±0.13^a
				CK		65±5.77^a		1.16±0.19^a
黄瓜 Cucumber		油亮蜜		原液		95±0^b		0.25±0^b
				25倍		100±0^a		3.03±0.09^a
				50倍		100±0^a		3.07±0.08^a
				100倍		100±0^a		3.28±0.06^a
				CK		100±0^a		3.16±0.08^a
作物种类 Crop species			品种 Varieties		处理 Treatment		发芽率 Germination rate(%)	芽长 Buds long(mm)
Watermelon			新早佳8424		原液		0^c	-
					25倍		41.67±6.67^b	-
					50倍		45±5^ab	-
					100倍		53.33±1.67^a	-
					CK		55±2.89^a	-
西葫芦 Zucchini			西葫芦一号		原液		28.33±4.41^c	-
					25倍		81.67±6.67^ab	-
					50倍		83.33±7.26^a	-
					100倍		81.67±7.26^ab	-
					CK		71.67±1.67^b	-
大豆 Soybean			中黄57		原液		0^c	0^b
					25倍		90±2.89^ab	1.59±0.76^a
					50倍		90±2.89^ab	1.06±0.14^a
					100倍		95±2.89^a	1.30±0.19^a
					CK		83.33±6.01^b	1.15±0.08^a
甜瓜 Melon			久香蜜25号		原液		83.33±3.33^b	1.74±0.04^a
					25倍		98.33±1.67^a	1.73±0.04^a
					50倍		95±2.89^a	1.69±0.04^a
					100倍		96.67±1.67^a	1.69±0.04^a
					CK		96.67±3.33^a	1.78±0.03^a
番茄 Tomato			天粉二號		原液		0^c	-
					25倍		81.67±4.41^b	-
					50倍		88.33±2.20^ab	-
					100倍		90±5^a	-
					CK		90.83±1.67^a	-
芹菜 Celery			法国皇后西芹		原液		25.83±2.20^c	-
					25倍		75±3.82^b	-
					50倍		81.67±3.00^a	-
					100倍		80.83±1.67^ab	-
					CK		84.17±0.83^a	-
棉花 Cotton			冀棉315		原液		0^b	-
					25倍		85±2.89^a	-
					50倍		83.33±3.33^a	-
					100倍		86.67±6.01^a	-
					CK		90±5^a	-
茄子 Eggplant			长江三号		原液		0^b	-
					25倍		27.5±1.44^a	-
					50倍		33.33±0.83^a	-
					100倍		33.33±0.83^a	-
					CK		31.67±0.83^a	-
小麦 Wheat			新冬20号		原液		95±2.89^a	0.31±0.02^b
					25倍		100±0^a	2.02±0.25^a
					50倍		100±0^a	2.36±0.07^a
					100倍		100±0^a	2.37±0.20^a
					CK		100±0^a	2.50±0.12^a

表3 不同浓度菌株发酵液处理下作物种子萌发率和芽长变化

Table 3 Seed germination rate and bud length of crops treated with fermentation broth of different concentrations of strains

作物种类 Crop species	品种 Varieties			处理 Treatment		发芽率 Germination rate (%)		芽长 Buds long (mm)
白菜 Cabbage	铁根958			原液		10.83±2.20^b		0.11±0.01^c
				25倍		97.5±0^a		1.73±0.28^b
				50倍		90.83±1.67^a		2.68±0.09^a
				100倍		96.67±2.20^a		2.62±0.10^a
				CK		96.67±1.67^a		1.72±0.04^b
豇豆 Cowpeas	绿霸王			原液		6.67±3.33^b		0.25±0^b
				25倍		70±2.89^a		2.29±0.09^a
				50倍		78.33±7.26^a		2.37±0.42^a
				100倍		76.67±3.33^a		2.43±0.17^a
				CK		70±2.89^a		2.20±0.19^a
四季豆 Cooked kidney	绿宝架豆			原液		0^d		0^b
				25倍		38.33±4.41^b		1.20±0.14^a
				50倍		30±5.77^b		1.0±0.24^a
				100倍		36.67±8.33^b		1.31±0.23^a
				CK		53.33±7.26^a		1.25±0.21^a
作物种类 Crop species		品种 Varieties		处理 Treatment		发芽率 Germination rate(%)		芽长 Buds long(mm)
菠菜 Spinach		顶峰王		原液		0^b		0^b
				25倍		22.5±11.27^a		0.42±0.19^a
				50倍		24.17±5.07^a		0.32±0.09^a
				100倍		26.67±1.67^a		0.45±0.17^a
				CK		25±7.22^a		0.39±0.14^a
油麦菜 Leaf lettuce		四季香		原液		0^b		0^b
				25倍		10.83±3.00^a		3.11±0.40^a
				50倍		10.5±2.5^a		2.15±0.45^a
				100倍		10.5±1.44^a		3±0.25^a
				CK		12.5±1.44^a		2.71±0.17^a
丝瓜 Loofah		香玉白		原液		5±2.89^b		0.17±0.09^b
				25倍		15±5.77^a		3.42±1.35^a
				50倍		8.33±4.41^ab		4.73±2.43^a
				100倍		15±5^a		7.76±3.32^a
				CK		16.67±8.33^a		2.4±1.2^a
绿豆 Mung bean		新引3号		原液		25±2.89^c		0.21±0.03^b
				25倍		75±2.89^b		0.71±0.06^a
				50倍		80±5.7 $7 a b$		0.57±0.06^a
				100倍		86.67±6.01^a		0.70±0.05^a
				CK		81.67±1.67^a		0.59±0.04^a
花生 Peanut		吉花2号		原液		3.33±1.67^b		-
				25倍		86.67±1.67^a		-
				50倍		86.67±1.67^a		-
				100倍		88.33±4.01^a		-
				CK		88.33±3.33^a		-
玉米 Corn		新玉108		原液		16.67±6.67^b		0.31±0.02^b
				25倍		71.67±3.33^a		0.90±0.06^a
				50倍		70±5.77^a		1.00±0.06^a
				100倍		66.67±12.02^a		0.89±0.10^a
				CK		70±0^a		1.07±0.11^a
向日葵 Sunflower		祥林568		原液		30±13.23^b		0.33±0.09^b
				25倍		73.33±1.67^a		1.12±0.29^a
				50倍		68.33±3.33^a		1.65±0.10^a
				100倍		66.67±3.33^a		1.28±0.13^a
				CK		65±5.77^a		1.16±0.19^a
黄瓜 Cucumber		油亮蜜		原液		95±0^b		0.25±0^b
				25倍		100±0^a		3.03±0.09^a
				50倍		100±0^a		3.07±0.08^a
				100倍		100±0^a		3.28±0.06^a
				CK		100±0^a		3.16±0.08^a
作物种类 Crop species			品种 Varieties		处理 Treatment		发芽率 Germination rate(%)	芽长 Buds long(mm)
Watermelon			新早佳8424		原液		0^c	-
					25倍		41.67±6.67^b	-
					50倍		45±5^ab	-
					100倍		53.33±1.67^a	-
					CK		55±2.89^a	-
西葫芦 Zucchini			西葫芦一号		原液		28.33±4.41^c	-
					25倍		81.67±6.67^ab	-
					50倍		83.33±7.26^a	-
					100倍		81.67±7.26^ab	-
					CK		71.67±1.67^b	-
大豆 Soybean			中黄57		原液		0^c	0^b
					25倍		90±2.89^ab	1.59±0.76^a
					50倍		90±2.89^ab	1.06±0.14^a
					100倍		95±2.89^a	1.30±0.19^a
					CK		83.33±6.01^b	1.15±0.08^a
甜瓜 Melon			久香蜜25号		原液		83.33±3.33^b	1.74±0.04^a
					25倍		98.33±1.67^a	1.73±0.04^a
					50倍		95±2.89^a	1.69±0.04^a
					100倍		96.67±1.67^a	1.69±0.04^a
					CK		96.67±3.33^a	1.78±0.03^a
番茄 Tomato			天粉二號		原液		0^c	-
					25倍		81.67±4.41^b	-
					50倍		88.33±2.20^ab	-
					100倍		90±5^a	-
					CK		90.83±1.67^a	-
芹菜 Celery			法国皇后西芹		原液		25.83±2.20^c	-
					25倍		75±3.82^b	-
					50倍		81.67±3.00^a	-
					100倍		80.83±1.67^ab	-
					CK		84.17±0.83^a	-
棉花 Cotton			冀棉315		原液		0^b	-
					25倍		85±2.89^a	-
					50倍		83.33±3.33^a	-
					100倍		86.67±6.01^a	-
					CK		90±5^a	-
茄子 Eggplant			长江三号		原液		0^b	-
					25倍		27.5±1.44^a	-
					50倍		33.33±0.83^a	-
					100倍		33.33±0.83^a	-
					CK		31.67±0.83^a	-
小麦 Wheat			新冬20号		原液		95±2.89^a	0.31±0.02^b
					25倍		100±0^a	2.02±0.25^a
					50倍		100±0^a	2.36±0.07^a
					100倍		100±0^a	2.37±0.20^a
					CK		100±0^a	2.50±0.12^a

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