塔河胡杨林核心区退耕地初始年土壤及植被养分特征数值分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.020

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (3): 699-707.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.020

塔河胡杨林核心区退耕地初始年土壤及植被养分特征数值分析

张优¹^,²^,³(), 刘茂秀²^,⁴(), 史军辉²^,⁴, 王新英²^,⁴, 艾吉尔·阿不拉²^,⁴, 张炎³()

1.新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆塔里木河胡杨林生态系统定位观测研究站,乌鲁木齐 830046
3.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
4.新疆林业科学院造林治沙研究所,乌鲁木齐 830046

收稿日期:2023-08-09 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-04-19
通信作者: 刘茂秀(1976-),女,四川人,副研究员,硕士生导师,研究方向为荒漠化治理及植被恢复,(E-mail)402622019@qq.com;张炎(1965-),女,天津人,研究员,研究方向为土壤、植物营养与施肥技术,(E-mail)yanzhangxj@163.com
作者简介:张优(1997-),女,贵州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物营养,(E-mail)463867715@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区财政林业发展补助项目(XJLYKJ-2022-1);新疆维吾尔自治区财政林业发展补助项目(XJLYKJ-2023-27)

Numerical analysis of soil and vegetation nutrient characteristics in the initial year of returning farmland in the core area of Tarim River Populus euphratica forest

ZHANG You¹^,²^,³(), LIU Maoxiu²^,⁴(), SHI Junhui²^,⁴, WANG Xinying²^,⁴, Aijier Abula²^,⁴, ZHANG Yan³()

1. College of Resources and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China
2. Research Station of Riparian Populus Euphratica Forest Ecosystem Positioning and Monitoring in Tarim River of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830046,China
3. Research Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China
4. Institute of Afforestation and Desertification Control,Xinjiang Academy of Forestry,Urumqi 830046

Received:2023-08-09 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-04-19
Correspondence author: LIU Maoxiu (1976-), female, from Sichuan,associate researcher, research direction: desertification control and vegetation restoration,(E-mail)402622019@qq.com;Zhang Yan(1965-), female, from Tianjin,researcher, research direction: soil and plant nutrition and fertilization technology,(E-mail)yanzhangxj@163.com
Supported by:
Autonomous Region Financial Forestry Development Subsidy Project(XJLYKJ-2022-1);Autonomous Region Finance Forestry Development Subsidy Project(XJLYKJ-2023-27)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究塔河中下游胡杨林核心区退耕地初始年土壤和植被的养分特征,为胡杨林公益林核心区退耕地生态恢复提供基础支撑数据。【方法】 以塔河中下游胡杨林核心区退耕地初始年的土壤和植被为研究对象,运用“S”形布点法、野外标准木全株收割法、多点混合方法分别采集植被和土壤样品,结合室内测定植被和土壤养分特征数值进行分析。【结果】 (1)土壤养分含量和植被营养成分积累量均集中分布在Ⅳ区和Ⅴ区。(2)土壤垂直深度上,养分集中在表层土壤,且随着土层深度增加,土壤养分含量依次递减,但是在60~100 cm土层处,呈现小幅增加。不同样地与不同土层深度之间土壤养分含量差异显著(P<0.05)。(3)不同样地中残存棉花(棉秆、根系)及草本植物中全N、全P、全K、有机碳含量均有显著差异(P<0.05)。【结论】 胡杨林自然保护区核心区退耕地初始年土壤养分含量较高,有利于荒漠植被群落的生长和发育,提高群落演替速率,有利于塔河胡杨林退耕地植被恢复与环境变化及其相互作用、生态过渡带植被恢复与区域生态稳定。

关键词: 胡杨林; 退耕地; 初始年; 养分特征

Abstract:

【Objective】 To preliminarily study the nutrient characteristics of soil and vegetation in the initial year of the abandoned land in the core area of Populus euphratica public welfare forest in the middle and lower reaches of the Tahe River in the hope of providing basic data support for the ecological restoration of the abandoned land in the area.【Methods】 The soil and vegetation in the core area of Populus euphratica forest in the middle and lower reaches of the Tahe River were taken as the research object in the initial year of returning farmland.The "S" shaped distribution method,field standard whole tree harvesting method,and multi-point mixing method were used to collect vegetation and soil samples,and indoor analysis methods were used to measure vegetation and soil nutrients.【Results】 (1)The soil nutrient content and the accumulation of vegetation nutrient components were concentrated in Zone IV and Zone V.(2)At the vertical depth of the soil,nutrients were concentrated in the surface soil,and as the soil depth increased,the soil nutrient content decreased in sequence.However,at the 60-100 cm soil layer,there was a slight increase.There was significant difference in soil nutrient content between different soil layers and depths(P<0.05).(3)And there were significant differences in the total N,total P,total K,and organic carbon content of residual cotton(cotton stalks,roots) and herbaceous plants in different fields(P<0.05).【Conclusion】 This study indicates that the initial annual soil nutrient content of the abandoned land in the core area of the Populus euphratica forest nature reserve is high,which is conducive to the occurrence and development of desert vegetation communities and improve the community succession rate,and it is of great significance for the vegetation restoration and environmental changes in the abandoned land of the Populus euphratica forest in Tahe,as well as the relationship between ecological transition zone vegetation restoration and regional ecological stability.

Key words: Populus euphratica forest; returned farmland; initial year; nutrient characteristics

中图分类号:

S714

张优, 刘茂秀, 史军辉, 王新英, 艾吉尔·阿不拉, 张炎. 塔河胡杨林核心区退耕地初始年土壤及植被养分特征数值分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(3): 699-707.

ZHANG You, LIU Maoxiu, SHI Junhui, WANG Xinying, Aijier Abula, ZHANG Yan. Numerical analysis of soil and vegetation nutrient characteristics in the initial year of returning farmland in the core area of Tarim River Populus euphratica forest[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(3): 699-707.

图/表 6

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研究区域 Research area	坐标 Coordinate	垂直塔河距离 Vertical tahe river distance(km)	主要植被 Main vegetation
Ⅰ	84°44'E~84°45'E, 41°10'N~41°11'N	1	胡杨、柽柳、芦苇、河西苣(Hexinia polydichotoma)、甘草(Suaeda physophora pall)、萹蓿(Polygonum aviculare)、灰藜(Chenopodium album Linn)、花花柴(Karelinia caspia)
Ⅱ	84°45'E~84°46'E, 41°11'N~41°11'N	2	胡杨、芦苇、胀果甘草、柽柳、骆驼刺
Ⅲ	84°16'E~84°16'E 41°14'N~41°15 N	3	胡杨、柽柳、芦苇、疏叶骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia Shap)、胀果甘草、罗布麻(Apocynum venetum)、铃铛刺
Ⅳ	84°19'E~84°20'E, 41°15'N~41°16'N	3.5	胡杨、柽柳、芦苇、罗布麻、疏叶骆驼刺、花花柴、疏叶骆驼刺
Ⅴ	84°19'E~84°20'E, 41°17'N~41°17'N	4	胡杨、柽柳、芦苇、车前草(Plantago asiatica L)、灰藜

研究区域 Research area	坐标 Coordinate	垂直塔河距离 Vertical tahe river distance(km)	主要植被 Main vegetation
Ⅰ	84°44'E~84°45'E, 41°10'N~41°11'N	1	胡杨、柽柳、芦苇、河西苣(Hexinia polydichotoma)、甘草(Suaeda physophora pall)、萹蓿(Polygonum aviculare)、灰藜(Chenopodium album Linn)、花花柴(Karelinia caspia)
Ⅱ	84°45'E~84°46'E, 41°11'N~41°11'N	2	胡杨、芦苇、胀果甘草、柽柳、骆驼刺
Ⅲ	84°16'E~84°16'E 41°14'N~41°15 N	3	胡杨、柽柳、芦苇、疏叶骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia Shap)、胀果甘草、罗布麻(Apocynum venetum)、铃铛刺
Ⅳ	84°19'E~84°20'E, 41°15'N~41°16'N	3.5	胡杨、柽柳、芦苇、罗布麻、疏叶骆驼刺、花花柴、疏叶骆驼刺
Ⅴ	84°19'E~84°20'E, 41°17'N~41°17'N	4	胡杨、柽柳、芦苇、车前草(Plantago asiatica L)、灰藜

研究区域 Research area	营养物质Nutrient
研究区域 Research area	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)	碱解N Alkaline hydrolysis N (mg/kg)	有效P Olsen-P (mg/kg)	速效K Available K (mg/kg)
Ⅰ区	4.63±2.35^a	18.24±6.57^a	4.30±4.18^a	95.63±20.44^a
Ⅱ区	4.61±1.80^a	15.38±9.25^a	5.25±4.50^a	97.43±27.43^a
Ⅲ区	3.81±1.14^a	14.55±6.74^a	6.95±5.48^a	115.97±13.35^a
Ⅳ区	6.28±3.04^ab	23.79±14.05^a	11.93±11.74^a	122.20±32.60^a
Ⅴ区	8.46±2.25^b	16.63±2.40^a	13.09±11.35^a	168.00±25.02^b

研究区域 Research area	营养物质Nutrient
研究区域 Research area	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)	碱解N Alkaline hydrolysis N (mg/kg)	有效P Olsen-P (mg/kg)	速效K Available K (mg/kg)
Ⅰ区	4.63±2.35^a	18.24±6.57^a	4.30±4.18^a	95.63±20.44^a
Ⅱ区	4.61±1.80^a	15.38±9.25^a	5.25±4.50^a	97.43±27.43^a
Ⅲ区	3.81±1.14^a	14.55±6.74^a	6.95±5.48^a	115.97±13.35^a
Ⅳ区	6.28±3.04^ab	23.79±14.05^a	11.93±11.74^a	122.20±32.60^a
Ⅴ区	8.46±2.25^b	16.63±2.40^a	13.09±11.35^a	168.00±25.02^b

研究区域 Research area	土壤层次 Soil layer	营养物质Nutrient
研究区域 Research area	土壤层次 Soil layer	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)	碱解N Alkaline hydrolysis N (mg/kg)	有效P Olsen-P (mg/kg)	速效K Available K (mg/kg)
Ⅰ区	0~10 cm	7.51±2.94^a*	25.84±13.60^a	10.20±6.55^a*	124.86±48.62^a
	10~20 cm	6.86±2.58^a	21.48±7.30^a	9.77±6.10^a*	101.43±28.11^a
	20~40 cm	3.13±0.97^ab	18.45±13.56^a	2.35±2.58^ab	75.86±17.8^a
	40~60 cm	2.56±1.68^b*	11.58±8.05^a	0.67±0.30^b*	84.57±49.32^a
	60~100 cm	3.08±1.68^b	9.84±6.96^a	0.79±0.43^b	89.86±29.46^a
	平均	4.63±2.91	17.44±11.47	4.76±5.87	95.31±38.61
Ⅱ区	0~10 cm	4.55±2.47^ab	14.87±10.66^ab	4.86±4.72^ab	101.47±42.42^a
	10~20 cm	6.67±1.81^a	24.78±9.75^a	10.25±4.99^a	129.83±38.80^a
	20~40 cm	6.05±2.18^ab	23.03±8.84^a	8.84±4.70^ab	106.71±38.62^a
	40~60 cm	2.58±1.38^ab	6.21±6.53b^ab	2.15±1.09^ab	75.00±31.75^a
	60~100 cm	3.07±1.61^b	12.06±10.37^ab	1.99±1.22^b	82.29±26.78^a
	平均	4.55±2.47	14.87±10.66	4.86±4.72	101.47±42.42
Ⅲ区	0-10cm	4.92±1.52^a	23.48±11.28^a	13.55±10.17^a	122.33±37.64^a
	10~20 cm	4.69±1.04^a	19.60±3.28^a	11.77±7.78^a	120.17±31.33^a
	20~40 cm	3.71±1.27^ab	12.36±1.70^ab	5.67±3.44^ab	129.17±62.32^a
	40~60 cm	3.34±2.49^ab	9.47±3.80^ab	1.74±0.57^b	107.86±50.80^a
	60~100 cm	2.21±0.67^b	4.37±4.01^b	15.58±15.65^b	50.77±59.59^a
	平均	3.95±1.73	12.65±8.89	10.11±10.95	99.79±57.92
Ⅳ区	0~10 cm	9.34±4.46^a	44.53±26.21^a	25.02±12.10^a	165.43±51.68^a
	10~20 cm	9.46±3.81^a	13.45±7.17^b	20.30±11.37^a	123.86±49.57^a
	20~40 cm	5.96±4.42^ab	10.98±1.87^b	7.95±9.37^ab	114.00±40.73^a
	40~60 cm	3.46±0.95^ab	25.66±8.66^a	1.84±0.69^b	108.00±60.33^a
	60~100 cm	3.18±2.11^b	25.17±10.48^ab	1.36±0.76^b	92.29±67.17^a
	平均	6.28±4.26	23.96±17.58	11.30±12.68	120.71±57.08
Ⅴ区	0~10 cm	10.75±3.70^ab	16.12±8.77^a	18.70±13.69^a	200.29±48.15^a
	10~20 cm	6.86±2.58^ab	14.08±8.73^a	26.14±17.25^a	123.86±49.57^a
	20~40 cm	8.17±3.76^ab	17.37±9.33^a	10.78±9.67^ab	114.00±40.73^a
	40~60 cm	6.59±4.36^ab	16.54±11.39^a	2.00±0.93^b	108.00±60.33^a
	60~100 cm	6.01±3.74^ab	19.17±10.50^a	2.46±1.64^b	92.29±67.17^a
	平均	7.68±3.85	16.65±9.36	12.02±13.88	127.69±63.55

塔河胡杨林核心区退耕地初始年土壤及植被养分特征数值分析

Numerical analysis of soil and vegetation nutrient characteristics in the initial year of returning farmland in the core area of Tarim River Populus euphratica forest

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Metrics

不同部位 Different parts	样地 Sample plot	全N Total N (g/kg)	全P Total P (g/kg))	全K Total K (g/kg)	有机碳 Organic carbon (g/kg)
棉秆 Cotton stalk	Ⅰ区	11.09±2.01^ab	1.54±0.27^a	25.02±1.33^ab	419.33±15.98^b
	Ⅱ区	12.58±4.61^ab	1.71±0.45^a	24.27±6.93^ab	397.86±54.39^ab
	Ⅲ区	9.59±2.26^a	1.67±0.58^a	28.38±5.57^a	384.67±30.70^a
	Ⅳ区	13.25±2.22^b	1.39±0.08^a	24.01±6.93^b	414.00±18.87^b
	Ⅴ区	12.22±1.86^ab	1.64±0.25^a	25.43±7.52^ab	439.00±22.83^b
根系 Root system	Ⅰ区	10.2±1.52^ab	3.85±1.74^ab	35.1±14.58^ab	409.00±36.41^b
	Ⅱ区	10.7±1.50^ab	3.81±1.98^b	34.9±9.58^b	393.00±60.57^b
	Ⅲ区	7.73±3.10^a	1.30±0.38^a	13.9±8.16^ab	277.00±132.62^a
	Ⅳ区	13.1±2.80^b	1.47±0.39^a	13.6±12.17^a	381.00±42.59^b
	Ⅴ区	12.9±2.21^b	1.76±0.38^a	13.2±3.27^ab	420.00±23.57^b

样地 Sample plot	全N Total N (g/kg)	全P Total P (g/kg))	全K Total K (g/kg)	有机碳 Organic carbon (g/kg)
Ⅰ区	27.62±2.25^b	1.35±0.33^b	16.40±6.02^b	333.33±56.15^b
Ⅱ区	24.58±4.30^b	1.96±1.09^b	22.70±10.09^ab	304.17±43.99^ab
Ⅲ区	14.22±7.23^a	2.84±1.71^a	33.34±19.12^ab	247.57±99.59^a
Ⅳ区	25.26±8.55^b	4.14±1.49^b	41.67±16.69^a	309.00±80.11^ab
Ⅴ区	24.86±5.09^b	3.00±0.45^a	39.03±23.45^a	332.29±32.78^b

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