红宝石无核×红旗特早葡萄杂交后代核性状遗传分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.04.011

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (4): 872-879.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.04.011

• 园艺特产·林业·设施农业 • 上一篇下一篇

红宝石无核×红旗特早葡萄杂交后代核性状遗传分析

王勇¹(), 苏来曼·艾则孜¹, 李玉玲¹, 孙锋¹(), 伍国红¹, 杨涛², 郭平峰¹

1.新疆维吾尔自治区葡萄瓜果研究所,新疆鄯善 838200
2.新疆中信国安葡萄酒业有限公司,新疆玛纳斯 832200

收稿日期:2022-08-07 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-05-06
通信作者: 孙锋(1978-),男,新疆额敏人,正高级农艺师,硕士,研究方向为葡萄资源、育种及栽培,(E-mail)935170241@qq.com
作者简介:王勇(1982-),男,河南方城人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为葡萄育种,(E-mail)wangyong3711100@163.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2020DA98);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项基金(CARS-29-yc-7);新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费项目(KY2022111)

Genetic analysis of nuclear characters of hybrids of ruby seedless and hongqitezao grape

WANG Yong¹(), Sulaiman Aizezi¹, LI Yuling¹, SUN Feng¹(), WU Guohong¹, YANG Tao², GUO Pingfeng¹

1. Research Institute of Grape and Melon of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shanshan Xinjiang 838200,China
2. CITIC Guoan Wina Industry Co., Ltd., Manas Xinjiang 832200,China

Received:2022-08-07 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-05-06
Correspondence author: SUN Feng(1978-), Male, Dengxia, Henan Province, senior agronomist, master of agricultural extension,grape resources, breeding research and cultivation techniques promotion, (E-mail)935170241@qq.com
Supported by:
General Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2020DA98);Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research Systems for the Grape Industry(CARS-29-yc-7);Basic research funds for public welfare research institutes in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(KY2022111)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究红宝石无核×红旗特早葡萄杂交后代核性状遗传规律。【方法】以红宝石无核×红旗特早杂交群体135个F₁代植株为试材,鉴定核状态,测定果实单粒重、单核重、单粒核数量、单核纵横径积等核相关指标,分析群体核性状遗传倾向。【结果】红宝石无核×红旗特早杂交群体胚败育率为59.26%;果实单粒重表现为连续分布,遗传力低,呈现变小趋势;果实单核重在有核和无核单株群体之间存在两极分化,但没有明显界限,遗传力低,呈现变小趋势;果实单粒核数量遗传力低,呈现变少趋势,整个组合91.85%的单株具有败育残核;单核纵横径积在有核和无核单株群体之间存在两极分化,且有明显界限,遗传力低,呈现变小趋势,但在有核单株中表现增大趋势。【结论】红宝石无核与具有无核倾向的有核品种红旗特早杂交,可以获得较高比例的无核后代,群体在果粒质量、核质量、数量及纵横径积等指标上均表现为退化趋势,但在无核单株与有核单株群体之间存在一定差异,果粒质量、核质量、数量及纵横径积与核性状正相关联。

关键词: 葡萄,杂交后代; 核性状; 遗传倾向

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aims to explore the inheritance of nuclear characters in hybrid progenies of Ruby Seedless and Hongqi tezao grapes.【Methods】135 F₁ generation plants of Ruby seedless and Hongqi Special early hybrid population were taken as the test material, the nuclear status was identified, and the nuclear related indicators such as single grain weight, single core weight, single core number, and vertical and horizontal diameter product were determined, and the genetic tendency of population nuclear traits was analyzed.【Results】The abortion rate was 59.26% in hybrid population of Ruby Seedless×Hongqi tezao. Fruit single grain weight manifested as continuous distribution, low genetic transmission power, and a lessening trend. Fruit mononuclear weight was polarized between the nucleated and seedless nucleated populations with no clear boundaries, whose fruit single nuclei was low with a trend of less development.However, it showed an increasing trend in the nuclear single plants. The hereditary capacity of single grain nuclear number was low, showing a trend of decrease, and 91.85% of the single strains in the whole combination had defective nuclei. The vertical and horizontal diameter product were polarized between nucleated and seedless nucleated populations, with obvious boundaries and low genetic transmission, but increased in nucleated single strains.【Conclusion】It can obtain a higher proportion of the nuclear offspring using Ruby Seedless hybridizing with Hongqi tezao which is nucleated and have a seedless tendency. The index of the fruit mass, nuclear mass, nuclear quantity and vertical and horizontal diameter product are of a degradation trend, but there are certain differences between seedless plants and nuclear plants populations. Fruit mass, nuclear mass, quantity and vertical and horizontal diameter is positively associated with nuclear traits.

Key words: grape; hybrid offspring; nuclear traits; genetic tendency

中图分类号:

S663.1

王勇, 苏来曼·艾则孜, 李玉玲, 孙锋, 伍国红, 杨涛, 郭平峰. 红宝石无核×红旗特早葡萄杂交后代核性状遗传分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(4): 872-879.

WANG Yong, Sulaiman Aizezi, LI Yuling, SUN Feng, WU Guohong, YANG Tao, GUO Pingfeng. Genetic analysis of nuclear characters of hybrids of ruby seedless and hongqitezao grape[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(4): 872-879.

图/表 12

参考文献 21

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植物材料 Plant materials	亲缘关系 Relationship	种属 Species	特性 Characteristics
红宝石无核Ruby Seedless	母本	欧亚种	无核,紫红色,椭圆形
红旗特早 Hongqitezao	父本	欧亚种	有核,大小粒现象严重,红紫色,玫瑰香型,圆形
135 hybrid progenies	F₁代	欧亚种	-

植物材料 Plant materials	亲缘关系 Relationship	种属 Species	特性 Characteristics
红宝石无核Ruby Seedless	母本	欧亚种	无核,紫红色,椭圆形
红旗特早 Hongqitezao	父本	欧亚种	有核,大小粒现象严重,红紫色,玫瑰香型,圆形
135 hybrid progenies	F₁代	欧亚种	-

群体 Population	母本 Female parent (g)	父本 Male parent (g)	亲中值 Trend to mean parent (g)	子代均值 Progeny arerage (g)	极值 Extreme (g)	变异系数 CV (%)	超亲率 Super parental rate (%)		遗传传递力 Ta (%)
群体 Population	母本 Female parent (g)	父本 Male parent (g)	亲中值 Trend to mean parent (g)	子代均值 Progeny arerage (g)	极值 Extreme (g)	变异系数 CV (%)	超低亲 Ultra low dear	超高亲 Ultra high dear	遗传传递力 Ta (%)
总体 Totality	2.50	5.44	3.97	2.14	1.01~5.36	36.12	71.07	0	53.79
有核单株 Nuclear single plants				2.62	1.25~5.36	33.22	49.09	0	66.00
败育单株 Abortive single plants				1.80	1.01~3.26	25.77	91.25	0	45.40

群体 Population	母本 Female parent (g)	父本 Male parent (g)	亲中值 Trend to mean parent (g)	子代均值 Progeny arerage (g)	极值 Extreme (g)	变异系数 CV (%)	超亲率 Super parental rate (%)		遗传传递力 Ta (%)
群体 Population	母本 Female parent (g)	父本 Male parent (g)	亲中值 Trend to mean parent (g)	子代均值 Progeny arerage (g)	极值 Extreme (g)	变异系数 CV (%)	超低亲 Ultra low dear	超高亲 Ultra high dear	遗传传递力 Ta (%)
总体 Totality	2.50	5.44	3.97	2.14	1.01~5.36	36.12	71.07	0	53.79
有核单株 Nuclear single plants				2.62	1.25~5.36	33.22	49.09	0	66.00
败育单株 Abortive single plants				1.80	1.01~3.26	25.77	91.25	0	45.40

群体 Population	母本 Female parent (mg)	父本 Male parent (mg)	亲中值 Trend to mean parent (mg)	子代均值 Progeny arerage (mg)	极值 Extreme (mg)	变异系数 CV (%)	超亲率 Super parental rate (%)		遗传传递力 Ta (%)
群体 Population	母本 Female parent (mg)	父本 Male parent (mg)	亲中值 Trend to mean parent (mg)	子代均值 Progeny arerage (mg)	极值 Extreme (mg)	变异系数 CV (%)	超低亲 Ultra low dear	超高亲 Ultra high dear	遗传传递力 Ta (%)
总体 Totality	13.34	43.67	28.51	19.76	0~147.71	136.09	58.52	11.85	69.31
有核单株 Nuclear single plants				42.60	2.66~147.71	69.38	7.27	29.09	149.41
败育单株 Abortive single plants				4.06	0~19.09	94.03	95	0	14.23

红宝石无核×红旗特早葡萄杂交后代核性状遗传分析

Genetic analysis of nuclear characters of hybrids of ruby seedless and hongqitezao grape

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Metrics

群体 Population	母本 Female parent	父本 Male parent	亲中值 Trend to mean parent	子代均值 Progeny arerage	极值 Extreme	变异系数 CV (%)	超亲率 Super parental rate (%)		遗传传递力 Ta (%)
群体 Population	母本 Female parent	父本 Male parent	亲中值 Trend to mean parent	子代均值 Progeny arerage	极值 Extreme	变异系数 CV (%)	超低亲 Ultra low dear	超高亲 Ultra high dear	遗传传递力 Ta (%)
总体 Totality	4.00	3.80	3.90	2.28	0~3.8	33.20	99.26	0	58.37
有核单株 Nuclear single plants				2.36	0.8~3.5	31.12	100	0	60.56
败育单株 Abortive single plants				2.22	0~3.8	34.45	98.75	0	56.86

群体 Population	母本 Female parent (mm²)	父本 Male parent (mm²)	亲中值 Trend to mean parent (mm²)	子代均值 Progeny arerage (mm²)	极值 Extreme (mm²)	变异系数 CV (%)	超亲率 Super parental rate (%)		遗传传递力 Ta (%)
群体 Population	母本 Female parent (mm²)	父本 Male parent (mm²)	亲中值 Trend to mean parent (mm²)	子代均值 Progeny arerage (mm²)	极值 Extreme (mm²)	变异系数 CV (%)	超低亲 Ultra low dear	超高亲 Ultra high dear	遗传传递力 Ta (%)
总体 Totality	16.52	32.34	19.43	15.26	0~39.53	76.34	59.26	5.93	78.54
有核单株 Nuclear single plants				28.57	20.78~39.53	13.91	0	14.55	147.04
败育单株 Abortive single plants				6.12	0~15.60	11.18	100	0	31.48