盐渍化农田不同埋深暗管排盐效果研究

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.08.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究暗管排盐技术与农业灌溉种植方式结合的土壤脱盐效果,为引用该技术改良利用盐碱地以及制定合理灌溉方案提供理论依据。【方法】以新疆第三师红旗农场的重度盐渍化农田为研究对象,设置3种暗管埋深(T1,暗管埋深1.2 m;T2,暗管埋深1.5 m;T3,暗管埋深1.8 m),暗管间距均为25 m,通过2年的暗管排盐实验研究1 m耕层土壤剖面盐分分布特征以及水平方向土壤盐分变化。【结果】暗管埋设2年后,不同埋深暗管水平方向土壤盐分含量均有所下降,但距离暗管各点降幅差异较小;各暗管处理配合地面灌溉均能有效降低1 m耕层土壤盐分含量,T1、T2、T3处理土壤含盐量分别降低了7.88、8.90、8.13 g/kg,T2处理在1 m耕层脱盐率最高为45.79 %,优于T1、T3处理,T1、T3脱盐率差异不大;不同土层脱盐效果存在差异,3个处理在40~60 cm土层脱盐率均超过50%达到最大值,但整体表现为上层高于下层。【结论】暗管排盐技术结合地面灌溉对降低土壤耕层盐分具有明显的作用,依据实际情况可降低灌溉量或增加暗管铺设间距。

关键词: 暗管排盐; 暗管埋深; 土壤盐分; 脱盐率

Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the effect of soil desalination on the combination of the technique of dark tube salt discharge and the planting mode of agricultural irrigation in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for using this technology to improve and utilize saline-alkali land and to formulate reasonable irrigation scheme.【Method】 Taking the seriously salinized farmland of Hongqi Farm in the third division of Xinjiang as the research object, three kinds of dark tube buried depth were set (T1, buried depth of 1.2 m; T2, buried depth of 1.5 m; T3, buried depth of 1.8 m), The spacing of the hidden tubes was 25 m, through two years of experiment of tube drainage, the salt distribution characteristics of 1 m tillage layer and the changes of soil salinity in the horizontal direction were studied.【Result】 After being buried for 2 years, the content of soil salinity in the horizontal direction at different depths of buried pipe decreased, but the difference between the two points decreased a little; All underground pipe treatments could reduce the soil salt in 1m tillage layer combined with surface irrigation, the salinity of soil treated with T1, T2 and T3 decreased by 7.88, 8.90 and 8.13 g/kg, respectively. The highest desalination rate of 1 m tillage layer in the treatment of T2 was 45.79 %, which was better than those in the treatments of T1 and T3. There was no significant difference in the desalination rates of T1 and T3; The desalination effects of different soil layers were different, the desalination rates of the three treatments all reached more than 50% in 40-60 cm soil layer, but the overall performance was that the desalination rate at the upper layer was higher than that at the lower layer.【Conclusion】 The technology of underground pipe salt drainage combined with surface irrigation plays an obvious role in reducing salt content in soil tilling layer. According to the actual situation in the study area, the irrigation volume can be reduced or the distance between hidden pipes can be increased. The results have provided a theoretical reference for determining the optimal plan of pipe layout and irrigation volume in the study area.

Key words: tube drainage salt, buried depth, soil salinity, desalination rate

中图分类号:

S156

祝榛,王海江,苏挺,史晓艳,宋江辉,朱永琪,郑琦. 盐渍化农田不同埋深暗管排盐效果研究[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(8): 1523-1533.

ZHU Zhen, WANG Hai-jiang, SU Ting, SHI Xiao-yan, SONG Jiang-hui, ZHU Yong-qi, ZHENG QI. Research on Salt Discharge Effect of Different Buried Deep Pipes in Salinized Farmland[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(8): 1523-1533.

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