Abstract:

【Objective】To study soil microbial diversity under different vegetation of Gongliu wild fruit forest. 【Methods】Four different types of forest land with similar environmental conditions, namely Malus sieversii dominant forest, Armeniaca vulgaris dominant forest, multi-species symbiotic forest and forest grassland, were selected as sample sites. The soil physical and chemical properties of the four sample sites were collected and determined. Illumina-MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the soil microbial diversity and community structure of the four sample sites.【Results】(1) There was no significant difference in total nitrogen, total potassium, organic carbon and easily oxidized organic carbon in the four soils, and total phosphorus content in the symbiotic forest of multiple tree species was significantly higher than that in the other plots. (2) The OTU number of bacteria in the four soil species was significantly higher than that of fungi, and the abundance of bacteria and fungi in the soil in the dominant forest of Armeniaca vulgaris was the highest, while the abundance of bacteria and fungi in the soil of grassland was the lowest. The soil bacteria in the dominant forest of Malus sieversii identified a total of 30 phylums, 76 phylums, 135 orders, 185 families and 233 genera, and the soil fungi identified a total of 7 phylums, 20 phylums, 40 orders, 70 families and 90 genera; the soil bacteria in the dominant forest of Armeniaca vulgaris identified a total of 31 phylums, 78 phylums, 141 orders, 183 families and 220 genera, and the soil fungi identified a total of 8 phylums, 17 phylums, 35 orders, 69 families and 94 genera; soil bacteria in the symbiotic forest of multiple species were identified as A total of 221 genera of soil bacteria and 7 genera of soil fungi were identified in 29 phylums, 75 phylums, 137 orders, 179 families, and 7 phylums, 15 orders, 31 families, 53 families and 72 genera; a total of 201 genera of soil bacteria were identified in 28 phylums, 72 phylums, 126 orders, 162 families, and 5 phylums, 13 orders, 35 families, 61 families and 84 genera of soil fungi were identified in soil of the grassland in the forest. (3) In the bacterial community at the phyla classification level, the dominant bacteria were Actinomycota, Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria, while in the fungal community, the dominant bacteria were ascomycetes, mortieromycota and basidiomycota. At the genus level, the dominant bacteria genera are RB41 and Rokubacteriales, and the dominant fungi genera are Humicola, Mortierella and Linnemannia. 【Conclusion】There were differences in the diversity of soil bacterial communities under different vegetation in Gongliu wild fruit forest. The soil microbial species of forest land was the most abundant, while the soil microbial species of grassland was relatively poor.

Key words: wild fruit forest; soil microbial; high throughput sequencing; community structure

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆野果林不同植被下土壤微生物多样性。【方法】选择环境条件相似的新疆野苹果优势林、新疆野杏优势林、多个树种共生林和林中草地4种不同类型的林地作为样地,采集4种样地的土壤进行理化性质测定,采用Illumina-MiSeq高通量测序技术探究4种样地土壤微生物的多样性和群落结构组成。【结果】(1)4种土壤中的全氮、全钾、有机碳和易氧化有机碳都无显著差异,而多个树种共生林内的全磷含量显著高于其他样地内土壤全磷的含量。(2)4种土壤中细菌的OTU数显著高于真菌,新疆野杏优势林的土壤细菌、真菌丰度最高,草地的土壤细菌、真菌丰度最低。新疆野苹果优势林内土壤细菌共鉴定出30门76纲135目185科233属,土壤真菌共鉴定出7门20纲40目70科90属;新疆野杏优势林内土壤细菌共鉴定出31门78纲141目183科220属,土壤真菌8门17纲35目69科94属;多个树种共生林内土壤细菌共鉴定出29门75纲137目179科221属,土壤真菌共鉴定出7门15纲31目53科72属;林中草地内土壤共鉴定出28门72纲126目162科201属,土壤真菌共鉴定出5门13纲35目61科84属。(3)门分类水平的细菌群落中,优势菌为放线菌门、酸杆菌门和变形菌门,在真菌群落中优势菌为子囊菌门、被孢霉门和担子菌门;属分类水平下,优势细菌属为RB41属和Rokubacteriales属,优势真菌属为Humicola属、被孢霉属和Linnemannia属。【结论】新疆野果林不同植被下土壤细菌群落多样性存在差异,林地的土壤微生物种类最丰富,而草地的土壤微生物种类较为贫乏。

关键词: 野果林, 土壤微生物, 高通量测序, 群落结构