Abstract:

【Objective】 To clarify the occurrence and harm of Sphaerolecanium prunastri in wild fruit forests and provide scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of the pest.【Methods】 Seven wild apricot concentrated distribution areas in wild fruit forests in Xinjiang were selected as site plots from 2019 to 2020 to investigate the number and victimization degree of S. prunastri on Armeniaca vulgaris by visual method.【Results】 Number of S.prunastri was different in different affected grades of A. vulgaris. The maximum number of first-instar nymphs of S. prunastri was 1108.46 per 50 cm branch, and there was a significant positive correlation with the number of female adults of the previous generation. The occurrence and harm of S. prunastri were different at different survey sites. Among them, the number of S. prunastri was the largest in Saha of Gongliu County, and the damage index of wild apricot was relatively high. The occurrence of S. prunastri was less in Jiaotuohai of Xinyuan County, where the damage index of A. vulgaris was the lowest. Nevertheless, there was an increasing trend from 2019 to 2020.【Conclusion】 The spread speed of S. prunastri in the wild fruit forests area and the surrounding agricultural area is relatively fast and the control is difficult. It is suggested to seize the best time to control S. prunastri and adopt regional control strategy to control the spread of the pest.

Key words: wild fruit forests; wild apricot; Sphaerolecanium prunastri; occurrence amount; harm degree

摘要：

【目的】研究杏树鬃球蚧在野果林的发生及危害情况,为有效防治杏树鬃球蚧提供科学依据。【方法】于2019 ~ 2020年在新疆野果林野杏集中分布区设置7个样地,以目测法调查杏树鬃球蚧的发生量及野杏受害程度。【结果】杏树鬃球蚧在不同受害等级野杏上的发生量不同。杏树鬃球蚧1龄若虫发生量最高可达1108.46头/50 cm枝条,且与前一代雌成虫发生量呈显著正相关。不同调查样地杏树鬃球蚧发生及危害不同,其中巩留县萨哈杏树鬃球蚧发生量最大,野杏受害指数较高;新源县交托海杏树鬃球蚧发生量较少,野杏受害指数最低,但有增长趋势。【结论】杏树鬃球蚧在野果林区域及其周边的农业区域的扩散速度比较快,防治难度大,抓住防治杏树鬃球蚧的最佳时期及采用区域性的防治策略管理有害生物的传播和蔓延。

关键词: 野果林, 野杏, 杏树鬃球蚧, 发生量, 危害程度