Abstract:

【Objective】 To summarize the current status of grape cultivation in Xinjiang, this study conducts research on major cultivated varieties and primarily promoted technologies, and analyzes the development of the grape industry from three perspectives: fresh-eating, drying, and winemaking.【Methods】 Data was collected through official websites, literature, and production site research, and summarized using literature review and statistical analysis methods. 【Results】 The Turpan-Hami Basin primarily cultivates the seedless white grape variety, which is suitable for both drying and fresh-eating. The southwestern edge of the Tarim Basin mainly focuses on the fresh-eating grape variety Munaige. The Ili River Valley region is dominated by the Red Globe variety. The areas along the Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang are primarily engaged in fresh-eating and winemaking. The newly promoted fresh-eating grape variety is Xinyu, while the variety suitable for both fresh-eating and drying is the Centennial Seedless grape. The primary grape cultivation technique promoted is the single cordon along the ditch obliquely, which is labor-saving and facilitates mechanized operations.【Conclusion】 It is recommended to develop machinery for grape pruning and other related tasks. Additionally, demonstration gardens should be established to showcase and promote new grape varieties and technologies. Meanwhile, efforts should be made to accelerate the replacement of outdated grape varieties in traditional producing areas such as Turpan and Hotan. Furthermore, practical grape cultivation training should be strengthened to achieve quality improvement and efficiency enhancement.

Key words: grapes; main cultivated varieties; main promoted technologies

摘要：

【目的】概述新疆葡萄产业种植现状,从主栽品种及主要推广技术方面进行调研,并从鲜食、制干、酿酒3个层面对葡萄产业发展进行分析。【方法】收集官网、文献资料及实地调研等数据,采用文献及统计分析方法汇总整理新疆葡萄产业发展现状。【结果】吐哈盆地以制干、鲜食兼用的无核白品种为主,塔里木盆地西南边缘以鲜食木纳格为主,伊犁河谷区域以红地球为主,北疆沿天山一带以鲜食、酿酒为主。主推鲜食葡萄品种新郁,鲜食制干兼用品种无核白鸡心。主推葡萄顺沟倾斜龙干栽培树形技术,该技术省工,便于机械化作业。【结论】研发出葡萄修剪等机械,建立示范园的形式对新品种和新技术进行示范推广,加快吐鲁番市、和田地区等老产区葡萄品种等更替,加强葡萄实用技术培训,实现提质增效。

关键词: 葡萄, 主栽品种, 主推技术