Effects of Different Irrigation Rates on Leaf Water Potential and Soil Water Potential of Populus euphratica Forest

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.05.009

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effects of different irrigation rates on leaf water potential and soil water potential of Populus euphratica forest, and to provide technical support for scientific flood diversion irrigation of Populus euphratica forest. 【Methods】 Populus euphratica forests of 2 to 4 years along the middle and lower reaches of Tarim River was taken as the research object, different irrigation rates (20,40 and 60 L/m²) were set up. WP4C dew-point water potential meter and TPSBR-SZL sensor were used to measure leaf water potential and soil water potential of Populus euphratica, and WET three-parameter soil tachymeter was used to measure soil water content, temperature and electrical conductivity before and after irrigation. 【Results】 The diurnal variation of leaf water potential and soil water potential of Populus euphratica under different irrigation rates showed a pattern of 60 L/m²>40 L/m²>20 L/m²>CK. The diurnal variation of leaf water potential of Populus euphratica showed a single-peak "V" shape, which was higher in the morning and lower after the noon. The diurnal variation of leaf water potential and soil water potential under 40 and 60 L/m² treatments were all less than that under 20 L/m² and CK. The soil water content affected the water potential of Populus euphratica, and the decrease of soil conductivity and temperature was beneficial to the decrease of soil salt. 【Conclusion】 Repeated irrigation promotes the growth of Populus euphratica trees in arid area. The diurnal variation of leaf water potential and soil water potential is 60 L/m²<40 L/m²<20 L/m²<CK. The optimal irrigation rate for 2 year, 3 year and 4 year Populus euphratica is 60 L/m², 40 L/m² and 20 L/m², respectively.

Key words: Populus euphratica; young forest; leaf water potential; soil water potential; irrigation water rate

摘要：

【目的】研究不同灌水量对胡杨幼龄林叶水势、土水势的影响,为引洪灌水胡杨幼龄林提供技术支撑。【方法】以塔里木河中下游沿岸2~4年的胡杨幼龄林为研究对象,设置不同灌水量(20、40、60 L/m²)处理,采用WP4C露点水势仪、TPSBR-SZL传感器测定胡杨叶水势、土水势,采用WET型土壤三参数速测仪测定灌水前后土壤含水量、温度、电导率。【结果】胡杨叶水势与土水势均呈现出60 L/m²>40 L/m²>20 L/m²>CK的规律,胡杨叶水势日变化整体呈现早晚高、中午低的单峰“V”型特征;不同灌水量处理的土壤含水量均高于CK,而土壤温度、电导率均低于CK,40和60 L/m²处理的叶水势与土水势日变化均小于20 L/m²与CK;土壤含水量多少影响胡杨幼树水势的高低,土壤电导率与温度降低有利于降低土壤盐分。【结论】多次灌水对干旱区胡杨幼树的生长有着明显的促进作用;叶水势与土水势日变化差异为60 L/m²<40 L/m²<20 L/m²<对照;2年生、3年生、4年生胡杨最优的灌水量分别为60、40、20 L/m²。

关键词: 胡杨, 幼龄林, 叶水势, 土水势, 灌水量

CLC Number:

S727.23

HE Yuxiang, WU Shengli, HAN Wei, GUAN Wenkai. Effects of Different Irrigation Rates on Leaf Water Potential and Soil Water Potential of Populus euphratica Forest[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(5): 1110-1118.

何宇翔, 武胜利, 韩炜, 管文轲. 不同灌水量对胡杨幼龄林叶水势与土水势的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1110-1118.

Figures/Tables 5

References 27

[1]	苗灵凤, 张丽佳, 蒲玉瑾, 等. WP4C露点水势仪测定植物叶片水势时的影响因素-以降香黄檀为例[J]. 植物科学学报, 2017, 35(1):93-98.
	MIAO Lingfeng, ZHANG Lijia, PU Yujin, et al. Factors that affect measurement using the WP4C dew point potential meter to determine water potential-Illustrated by the case of Dalbergia odorifera[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2017, 35(1):93-98.
[2]	于军, 白冠章, 梁继业, 等. 塔里木河上、中、下游胡杨种群高度结构特征[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2012, 26(7):103-109.
	YU Jun, BAI Guanzhang, LIANG Jiye, et al. The height structure characteristics of Populus euphraticu population along Tarim River[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2012, 26(7):103-109.
[3]	韩建华, 周芳, 张丽霞, 等. 构筑北方生态安全屏障-四子王旗胡杨林自然繁殖及人工更新探讨[J]. 林业科技情报, 2021, 53(2):19-22,25.
	HAN Jianhua, ZHOU Fang, ZHANG Lixia, et al. Construct the ecological security barrier in the north-discussion on natural reproduction and artificial regeneration of Populus euphratica in Siziwang Banner[J]. Forestry Science and Technology Information, 2021, 53(2):19-22,25.
[4]	冉辛拓, 郝宝锋, 张新生. 干旱过程中苹果茎水势和叶水势的变化研究[J]. 河北农业科学, 2009, 13(4):16-17,21.
	RAN Xintuo, HAO Baofeng, ZHANG Xinsheng. Changes of leaf and stem water potential of apple under soil drought stress[J]. Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences, 2009, 13(4):16-17,21.
[5]	曾凡江, 张希明, 李小明. 柽柳的水分生理特性研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, 13(5):611-614. PMID
	ZENG Fanjiang, ZHANG Ximing, LI Xiaoming. A review on the water physiological characteristics of Tamarix and its prospect[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, 13(5):611-614. PMID
[6]	李端, 司建华, 张小由, 等. 胡杨(Populus euphratica)对干旱胁迫的生态适应[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(2):17-23.
	LI Duan, SI Jianhua, ZHANG Xiaoyou, et al. Ecological adaptation of Populus euphratica to drought stress[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2020, 40(2):17-23.
[7]	李小琴, 张小由, 刘晓晴, 等. 额济纳绿洲河岸胡杨(Populus euphratica)叶水势变化特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2014, 34(3):712-717.
	LI Xiaoqin, ZHANG Xiaoyou, LIU Xiaoqing, et al. Leaf water potential of Populus euphratica in the Ejin Oasis[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2014, 34(3):712-717.
[8]	付爱红, 陈亚宁, 李卫红. 新疆塔里木河下游胡杨不同叶形水势变化研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2008,(1):83-88.
	FU Aihong, CHEN Yaning, LI Weihong. Change on water potential of differently shaped leaves in Populus euphratica in lower reaches of Tarim River, Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2008,(1):83-88.
[9]	付爱红, 陈亚宁, 陈亚鹏. 塔里木河下游干旱胁迫下多枝柽柳茎水势的变化[J]. 生态学杂志, 2008,(4):532-538.
	FU Aihong, CHEN Yaning, CHEN Yapeng. Changes of stem water potential of Tamarix ramosissima under drought stress in lower reaches of Tarim River[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2008,(4):532-538.
[10]	付爱红, 陈亚宁, 李卫红, 等. 干旱、盐胁迫下的植物水势研究与进展[J]. 中国沙漠, 2005,(5):744-749.
	FU Aihong, CHEN Yaning, LI Weihong, et al. Research advances on plant water potential under drought and salt stress[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2005,(5):744-749.
[11]	司建华, 冯起, 张小由. 极端干旱区胡杨水势及影响因子研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2005, 25(4):505-510.
	SI Jianhua, FENG Qi, ZHANG Xiaoyou. Leaf water potential of Populus euphratica and influencing factors in extreme arid region[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2005, 25(4):505-510.
[12]	杨培林, 彭俊, 钟新才. 不同水分处理下防护林树种叶水势、茎水势及土水势的研究[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2012, 49(2):273-278.
	YANG Peilin, PENG Jun, ZHONG Xincai. Study on the leaf, stalk and soil water potential of the tree species of protection forest under different water treatments[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2012, 49(2):273-278.
[13]	占东霞, 庄丽, 王仲科, 等. 准噶尔盆地南缘干旱条件下胡杨、梭梭和柽柳水势对比研究[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2011, 48(3):544-550.
	ZHAN Dongxia, ZHUANG Li, WANG Zhongke, et al. Comparisons of water potential among Populus euphratica, Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix ramosissima under drought condition in southern edge of Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2011, 48(3):544-550.
[14]	曾凡江, 张希明, Andrea Foetzki, 等. 新疆策勒绿洲胡杨水分生理特性研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2002,(2):26-30.
	ZENG Fanjiang, ZHANG Ximing, Andrea Foetzki, et al. Study on the water physiological characteristics of Popular euphratica in the Cele Oasis[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2002,(2):26-30.
[15]	曾凡江, 张希明, 李向义, 等. 塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘柽柳和胡杨水势季节变化研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005,(8):1389-1393. PMID
	ZENG Fanjiang, ZHANG Ximing, LI Xiangyi, et al. Seasonal variation of Tamarix ramosissima and Populus euphratica water potentials in southern fringe of Taklamakan Desert[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005,(8):1389-1393. PMID
[16]	宋郁冬, 樊自力. 中国塔里木河水资源与生态问题研究[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社, 2000:395-410.
	SONG Yudong, FAN Zili. Research on water resources and ecology of Tarim River in China[J]. Urumqi: Xinjiang People's Publishing House, 2000:395-410.
[17]	韩文军, 春亮, 王育青. 阿拉善荒漠区主要盐生植物水势日变化[J]. 草业科学, 2011, 28(1):110-112.
	HAN Wenjun, CHUN Liang, WANG Yuqing. The daily water potential dynamic of main halophytes in the Alaxia desert region[J]. Pratacultural Science, 2011, 28(1):110-112.
[18]	高丽娟. 水分梯度下胡杨水分利用策略研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆大学, 2013.
	GAO Lijuan. Study on water use strategy of Populus euphratica under the different moisture gradient[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang University, 2013.
[19]	李磊, 贾志清, 朱雅娟, 等. 不同灌溉量梯度下胡杨和新疆杨苗期的抗旱性比较[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2009, 23(7):154-161.
	LI Lei, JIA Zhiqing, ZHU Yajuan, et al. Drought resistance of Populus euphratica and Populus bolleana seedling under different irrigation regime[J]. Drought Area Resources and Environment, 2009, 23(7):154-161.
[20]	Lincoln Taiz, Eduardo Zeiger. 植物生理学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2009:48-65.
	Lincoln T, Eduardo Z. Plant physiology[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2009:48-65.
[21]	陈晓远, 罗远培. 土壤水分变动对冬小麦生长动态的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2001,(4):403-409.
	CHEN Xiaoyuan, LUO Yuanpei. The influence of fluctuated soil moisture on growth dynamic of Winter Wheat[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2001,(4):403-409.
[22]	王丁, 姚健, 杨雪, 等. 干旱胁迫条件下6种喀斯特主要造林树种苗木叶片水势及吸水潜能变化[J]. 生态学报, 2011, 31(8):2216-2226.
	WANG Ding, YAO Jian, YANG Xue, et al. Changes of leaf water potential and water absorption potential capacities of six kinds of seedlings in Karst mount area under different drought stress intensities: Taking six forestation seedlings in Karst mountainous region for example[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2011, 31(8):2216-2226.
[23]	王项娜. 黄瓜叶水势与土壤水势关系的研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2007.
	WANG Xiangna. Study on the relation between leaf water potential of Cucumber and soil water potential[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2007.
[24]	杨玉海, 李卫红, 陈亚宁, 等. 极端干旱区自然环境下胡杨幼株对土壤渐进式干旱的生理响应[J]. 林业科学, 2013, 49(11):171-176.
	YANG Yuhai, LI Weihong, CHEN Yaning, et al. Physiological response of Populus euphratica seedlings to progressive soil drought under natural environment in an extreme arid area[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2013, 49(11):171-176.
[25]	何新林, 陈书飞, 王振华, 等. 咸水灌溉对沙土土壤盐分和胡杨生理生长的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2012, 32(11):3449-3459.
	HE Xinlin, CHEN Shufei, WANG Zhenhua, et al. Effect of saline water irrigation on sand soil salt and the physiology and growth of Populus euphratica oliv[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(11):3449-3459. DOI URL
[26]	李宗杰, 田青, 宋玲玲. 胡杨林地土壤水盐动态及对植被生长的影响[J]. 甘肃农业大学学报, 2015, 50(3):126-131.
	LI Zongjie, TIAN Qing, SONG Lingling. Dynamic of soil water and salt in Populus euphratica forest and its effect on the growth condition of vegetation in Jinta County[J]. Journal of Gansu Agricultural University, 2015, 50(3):126-131.
[27]	庄丽, 陈亚宁, 李卫红, 等. 渗透胁迫条件下植物茎叶水势的变化-以塔里木河下游胡杨为例[J]. 中国沙漠, 2006,(6):1002-1008.
	ZHUANG Li, CHEN Yaning, LI Weihong, et al. Response of leaf and stem water potential of Populus Euphratica to osmotic stress in lower reaches of Tarim River[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2006,(6):1002-1008.

树龄 Tree-age (a)	不同灌水量 Different irrigation quantities	最大值 Maximum value (MPa)	最小值 Minimum value (MPa)	均值 Mean (MPa)	标准差 Standard deviation
2	W_2a-20	-0.44	-1.98	-1.04	0.46
	W_2a-40	-0.11	-0.57	-0.29	0.14
	W_2a-60	-0.11	-0.25	-0.16	0.05
	CK_2a	-0.21	-2.33	-1.43	0.86
3	W_3a-20	-0.11	-0.57	-0.29	0.13
	W_3a-40	-0.10	-0.21	-0.16	0.04
	W_3a-60	-0.05	-0.22	-0.13	0.03
	CK_3a	-0.19	-2.33	-1.35	0.87
4	W_4a-20	-0.08	-0.25	-0.16	0.05
	W_4a-40	-0.09	-0.22	-0.15	0.04
	W_4a-60	-0.08	-0.22	-0.15	0.03
	CK_4a	-0.19	-2.33	-1.21	0.87

树龄 Tree-age (a)	不同灌水量 Different irrigation quantities	最大值 Maximum value (MPa)	最小值 Minimum value (MPa)	均值 Mean (MPa)	标准差 Standard deviation
2	W_2a-20	-0.44	-1.98	-1.04	0.46
	W_2a-40	-0.11	-0.57	-0.29	0.14
	W_2a-60	-0.11	-0.25	-0.16	0.05
	CK_2a	-0.21	-2.33	-1.43	0.86
3	W_3a-20	-0.11	-0.57	-0.29	0.13
	W_3a-40	-0.10	-0.21	-0.16	0.04
	W_3a-60	-0.05	-0.22	-0.13	0.03
	CK_3a	-0.19	-2.33	-1.35	0.87
4	W_4a-20	-0.08	-0.25	-0.16	0.05
	W_4a-40	-0.09	-0.22	-0.15	0.04
	W_4a-60	-0.08	-0.22	-0.15	0.03
	CK_4a	-0.19	-2.33	-1.21	0.87

树龄 Tree-age	不同灌水量 Different irrigation quantities	最大值(MPa) Maximum value	最小值(MPa) Minimum value	均值(MPa) Mean	标准差 Standard deviation
2	W_2a-20	-0.11	-0.40	-0.21	0.09
	W_2a-40	-0.13	-0.17	-0.15	0.01
	W_2a-60	-0.09	-0.16	-0.13	0.02
	CK_2a	-0.15	-0.44	-0.28	0.10
3	W_3a-20	-0.13	-0.17	-0.16	0.01
	W_3a-40	-0.11	-0.40	-0.21	0.09
	W_3a-60	-0.05	-0.14	-0.10	0.03
	CK_3a	-0.17	-0.43	-0.28	0.09
4	W_4a-20	-0.11	-0.18	-0.15	0.02
	W_4a-40	-0.08	-0.16	-0.13	0.03
	W_4a-60	-0.08	-0.18	-0.12	0.03
	CK_4a	-0.15	-0.40	-0.27	0.09

树龄 Tree-age	不同灌水量 Different irrigation quantities	最大值(MPa) Maximum value	最小值(MPa) Minimum value	均值(MPa) Mean	标准差 Standard deviation
2	W_2a-20	-0.11	-0.40	-0.21	0.09
	W_2a-40	-0.13	-0.17	-0.15	0.01
	W_2a-60	-0.09	-0.16	-0.13	0.02
	CK_2a	-0.15	-0.44	-0.28	0.10
3	W_3a-20	-0.13	-0.17	-0.16	0.01
	W_3a-40	-0.11	-0.40	-0.21	0.09
	W_3a-60	-0.05	-0.14	-0.10	0.03
	CK_3a	-0.17	-0.43	-0.28	0.09
4	W_4a-20	-0.11	-0.18	-0.15	0.02
	W_4a-40	-0.08	-0.16	-0.13	0.03
	W_4a-60	-0.08	-0.18	-0.12	0.03
	CK_4a	-0.15	-0.40	-0.27	0.09