新疆中药材生态种植现状调查分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.S1.038

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (S1): 193-199.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.S1.038

新疆中药材生态种植现状调查分析

陈茹(), 杨宏伟, 孙凯, 赵亮, 王娟丽, 陈勇()

新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院乌鲁木齐综合试验站, 乌鲁木齐 830012

收稿日期:2025-06-20 出版日期:2025-10-10 发布日期:2025-10-29
通信作者: 陈勇(1977-),男,安徽六安人,副研究员,研究方向为药用植物品种选育及栽培,(E-mail)chenyong@xaas.ac.cn
作者简介:陈茹(1990-),女,河南人,农艺师,研究方向为药用植物资源收集利用,(E-mail)1434140459@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目“沙棘-中草药立体高质高效种植关键技术研发”子课题“沙棘-中草药立体高效种植品种筛选及配套栽培技术研究与示范”(20222101427);新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院青年理论学习小组调研项目

Investigation and analysis of the current status of ecological cultivation of medic plants in Xinjiang

CHEN Ru(), YANG Hongwei, SUN Kai, ZHAO Liang, WANG Juanli, CHEN Yong()

Urumqi Comprehensive Experimental Station, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830012, China

Received:2025-06-20 Published:2025-10-10 Online:2025-10-29
Correspondence author: CHEN Yong (1977-), male, from Anhui, associate professor, master, research direction: Breeding and Cultivation of medicinal plants,(E-mail)chenyong@xaas.ac.cn
Supported by:
Xinjiang Science and Technology Major Program "Standardized ecological planting and breeding of endangered traditional Chinese medicine and authentic ethnic medicine in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region " Sub-project "Collection and Conservation of Medicinal Plant Germplasm Resources in the Four Prefectures of Southern Xinjiang"(20222101427);Research project of the youth theoretical study group of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究新疆中药材生态种植现状及发展趋势,提出中药材生态种植发展对策。【方法】 采用查阅文献、问卷咨询、实地调研与野外考察等方法,调研新疆中药材生态种植现状,内容包括:乌鲁木齐周边。北疆阿勒泰地区,南疆喀什地区、和田地区等中药材生态种植的主要品种、面积、种植模式、经营主体和综合效益等。【结果】 新疆形成了以肉苁蓉、甘草、贝母、罗布麻和新疆紫草等道地药材品种为主,中药材林下种植、野生抚育、粮药/棉药/药药间套作和景观生态种植、生态观光模式等为特色的中药材生态种植产业。但仍存在中药材生态种植模式基础研究薄弱、标准规范滞后等问题亟待解决。【结论】 新疆中药材生态种植产业应明确区域区位特点优势,选择适宜品种和种植模式,完善中药材生态种植发展机制,推动新疆地区中药生态种植产业发展。

关键词: 中药材; 生态种植; 现状

Abstract:

【Objective】 To investigate the current status and development trends of ecological cultivation of medicinal plants in Xinjiang, and propose recommendations and strategies for advancing regional ecological planting practices. 【Methods】 The study employed literature review, questionnaire surveys, and field investigations to assess the ecological cultivation of medicinal plants in Xinjiang.Key regions, including Urumqi, Altay (Northern Xinjiang), Kashgar, and Hotan (Southern Xinjiang), were surveyed to analyze main cultivated varieties, planting areas, cultivation models, management entities, and comprehensive benefits. 【Results】 Xinjiang has established an ecological cultivation industry for medicinal plants, focusing on authentic species such as Cistanche deserticola, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Fritillaria, Arnebia euchroma, Carthamus tinctorius, and Hippophae rhamnoides.Distinctive cultivation models include under-forest planting, wild nurturing, intercropping (e.g., grain-medicine, cotton-medicine, and mixed medicinal crops), crop rotation, landscape ecological planting, and eco-tourism integration.However, challenges persist, including insufficient foundational research on ecological models and lagging standardization. 【Conclusion】 To enhance the ecological cultivation industry, Xinjiang should leverage regional advantages by selecting suitable species and cultivation models, strengthening policy support, and improving development mechanisms.Addressing research gaps and accelerating standardization are critical for sustainable growth.

Key words: medicinal plants; ecological cultivation; current status

中图分类号:

S567

陈茹, 杨宏伟, 孙凯, 赵亮, 王娟丽, 陈勇. 新疆中药材生态种植现状调查分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(S1): 193-199.

CHEN Ru, YANG Hongwei, SUN Kai, ZHAO Liang, WANG Juanli, CHEN Yong. Investigation and analysis of the current status of ecological cultivation of medic plants in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(S1): 193-199.

图/表 5

图1 防风固沙林下套种肉苁蓉

FIg.1 Intercropping Cistanche deserticola under windbreak and sand-fixation forests

图2 果树林下套种中药材

Fig.2 Understory intercropping of medicinal plants in orchards

图3 中药材野生抚育种植模式

Fig.3 Wild tending cultivation model for Chinese medicinal materials

图4 粮药/药药间作模式

Fig.4 Grain-medicinal plants / Medicinal plants intercropping pattern

图5 中药材景观生态种植模式

Fig.5 Landscape-oriented ecological planting model for Chinese medicinal herbs

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新疆中药材生态种植现状调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the current status of ecological cultivation of medic plants in Xinjiang

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